Rational ClearQuest
Encyclopedia
Rational ClearQuest is an enterprise level workflow automation tool from the Rational Software
division of IBM
. Commonly, ClearQuest is configured as a bug tracking system
, but it can be configured to act as a CRM
tool or to track a complex manufacturing process. It can also implement these functions together. IBM provides a number of predefined "schemas" for common tasks such as software Defect Tracking which can themselves be further customized if required.
Hooks can be used for a variety of tasks such as pre-populating fields, validating Field and Record data, and even creating new Record Types.
On Unix
and Linux
, hook code must be written in Perl, whereas on Microsoft Windows
it can be written in either Perl or VBScript
.
Fields and is analogous to a database table. Record Types can be either "Stateless" or "State-based" with the latter being able to transition between a defined set of states.
For example, a "Defect" Record Type used to record software bugs may move between states such as "New", "open", "Assigned", "Fixed", "Rejected", "Reopened", "Deferred" and "closed". Note that states do not have to follow a linear progression and very complex transitions are possible.
within the tables of the Schema Repository database itself.
and a number of databases existing on a backend RDBMS server to store all captured data. ClearQuest supports various backend databases including Oracle, Sybase, SQL Server and IBM DB2.
More recently, IBM has introduced a web interface to ClearQuest called "CQWeb" which utilizes an application server to generate the web-based interface. The client then becomes simply a supported web browser, which alleviates the heavy requirements of the full client version. The web version offers all the functionality of the full version except for the ability to create reports.
As of version 7, ClearQuest ships with an Eclipse
-based client which provides almost the same features as the original Win32 Windows ClearQuest client. Charts and complex queries must still be constructed on the Windows client, even if they can be used on the other clients.
Apart from the standard ClearQuest user client, a design tool called ClearQuest Designer is also provided. This allows administrators to configure every aspect of not only the client interface but also the way in which data from specific widgets in the client are captured in the backend database. The ClearQuest Designer is currently only available for Microsoft Windows.
All clients talk to the backend databases via ODBC.
Clients are available for Microsoft Windows, Linux, AIX, HP-UX
and Solaris operating systems.
tagged as a "production database" to ClearQuest.
interface for laying out the client data input Forms.
The designer allows administrators to create and modify Record Types, Fields, Lists, hook code and scripts in a simple fashion.
Making changes in the ClearQuest Designer modifies a particular version of a Schema (or creates a new version).
Once an administrator is satisfied with their changes, they are able to test them without impacting the live production system by deploying the new Schema version to a Test Database associated with the Schema in question. Once testing is complete, the new Schema version can be applied to the production User Database such that all users will have access to the new schema. Note that the ClearQuest Designer performs a number of checks on the changes made by the administrator to ensure that the constraints have not been violated. This minimizes the chance that erroneous changes will be "rolled-out" to general ClearQuest users.
ClearQuest 7.1 introduces the ability within the designer to "diff" two arbitrary versions of a particular schema to allow the administrator to see easily what changes have been made.
Additionally, a number of command-line tools are provided to aid administrators, such as "
testing tools, such as IBM Rational Performance Tester
, IBM Rational Functional Tester
and IBM Rational Manual Tester. ClearQuest also provides a robust environment for software quality assurance.
Using the Rational ClearQuest Bridge in IBM Rational Team Concert
, you can work with your ClearQuest records in an agile development environment.
The tool can also be linked to Microsoft Project
to create ordered steps for resources assigned to specific goals.
ClearQuest also integrates well with IBM Rational ClearCase/UCM revision control
system. This allows to correlate source code sets or activities with ClearQuest records (i.e. bugs), simplifying some aspects of bug tracking and source code management.
IBM sells a supplementary product called ClearQuest MultiSite to allow ClearQuest databases to be synchronized, for example between two or more company offices potentially located in different countries.
ClearQuest can be configured to perform user authentication utilizing LDAP.
Note that no licenses are consumed by programs and scripts utilizing the ClearQuest API. The rationale behind this decision being that programs run by administrators against their installation must not fail due to insufficient licenses.
continues to refine the user interface of ClearQuest, making gradual and steady progress. Another criticism is the price, which is four to five times that of competing products.
Rational Software
Rational Machines was founded by Paul Levy and Mike Devlin in 1981 to provide tools to expand the use of modern software engineering practices, particularly explicit modular architecture and iterative development...
division of IBM
IBM
International Business Machines Corporation or IBM is an American multinational technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas...
. Commonly, ClearQuest is configured as a bug tracking system
Bug tracking system
A bug tracking system is a software application that is designed to help quality assurance and programmers keep track of reported software bugs in their work. It may be regarded as a type of issue tracking system....
, but it can be configured to act as a CRM
Customer relationship management
Customer relationship management is a widely implemented strategy for managing a company’s interactions with customers, clients and sales prospects. It involves using technology to organize, automate, and synchronize business processes—principally sales activities, but also those for marketing,...
tool or to track a complex manufacturing process. It can also implement these functions together. IBM provides a number of predefined "schemas" for common tasks such as software Defect Tracking which can themselves be further customized if required.
Fields
Elementary receptacle for a datum which is associated with a single Record Type. As a minimum, a field comprises a data type and a name and is analogous to a database column. Supported data types are:| Data Type | Description |
|---|---|
ATTACHMENT_LIST |
Special field type that allows one or more arbitrary files to be stored. |
DATE_TIME |
Date and time field. |
INT |
Integer. |
MULTILINE_STRING |
Multi-line string stored as a database blob Binary large object A blob is a collection of binary data stored as a single entity in a database management system. Blobs are typically images, audio or other multimedia objects, though sometimes binary executable code is stored as a blob... . |
REFERENCE |
Special field type that refers to a single instance of a Record Type (an Entity). |
REFERENCE_LIST |
Special field type that refers to multiple instances of a Record Type (an Entity). |
SHORT_STRING |
Single-line string equivalent to a database varchar Varchar A varchar or Variable Character Field is a set of character data of indeterminate length. The term varchar refers to a data type of a field in a database management system... . |
Hook
A hook is an arbitrary piece of code that can be configured to be executed when a particular event occurs. There are two main types of hooks: Field Hooks and Action Hooks and ClearQuest breaks these down further to allow very fine-grained control over when hook code is run.Hooks can be used for a variety of tasks such as pre-populating fields, validating Field and Record data, and even creating new Record Types.
On Unix
Unix
Unix is a multitasking, multi-user computer operating system originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs, including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Brian Kernighan, Douglas McIlroy, and Joe Ossanna...
and Linux
Linux
Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development and distribution. The defining component of any Linux system is the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released October 5, 1991 by Linus Torvalds...
, hook code must be written in Perl, whereas on Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...
it can be written in either Perl or VBScript
VBScript
VBScript is an Active Scripting language developed by Microsoft that is modeled on Visual Basic. It is designed as a “lightweight” language with a fast interpreter for use in a wide variety of Microsoft environments...
.
Record Type
Definition of an individual entity. A Record Type encapsulates one or moreFields and is analogous to a database table. Record Types can be either "Stateless" or "State-based" with the latter being able to transition between a defined set of states.
For example, a "Defect" Record Type used to record software bugs may move between states such as "New", "open", "Assigned", "Fixed", "Rejected", "Reopened", "Deferred" and "closed". Note that states do not have to follow a linear progression and very complex transitions are possible.
Schema
A Schema in ClearQuest terminology encapsulates a single workflow including information on states, actions, data structures and hooks. Schemas are versioned in ClearQuest and all versions are stored in a Schema RepositorySchema Repository
A database containing one or more Schemas. The schemas are actually stored as SQLSQL
SQL is a programming language designed for managing data in relational database management systems ....
within the tables of the Schema Repository database itself.
Test Database
A database used by administrators to test changes to a production system without impacting the live system. Each Test Database is associated with a version of a Schema.User Database
A database containing the data entered and queried by users. Each User Database is associated with a version of a Schema.Overview
ClearQuest is a client-server application although note that technically there is no ClearQuest "backend". Rather, the ClearQuest clients utilize an existing database server.Client
Traditionally, ClearQuest has comprised a fat clientFat client
A fat client is a computer in client–server architecture or networks that typically provides rich functionality independent of the central server...
and a number of databases existing on a backend RDBMS server to store all captured data. ClearQuest supports various backend databases including Oracle, Sybase, SQL Server and IBM DB2.
More recently, IBM has introduced a web interface to ClearQuest called "CQWeb" which utilizes an application server to generate the web-based interface. The client then becomes simply a supported web browser, which alleviates the heavy requirements of the full client version. The web version offers all the functionality of the full version except for the ability to create reports.
As of version 7, ClearQuest ships with an Eclipse
Eclipse (software)
Eclipse is a multi-language software development environment comprising an integrated development environment and an extensible plug-in system...
-based client which provides almost the same features as the original Win32 Windows ClearQuest client. Charts and complex queries must still be constructed on the Windows client, even if they can be used on the other clients.
Apart from the standard ClearQuest user client, a design tool called ClearQuest Designer is also provided. This allows administrators to configure every aspect of not only the client interface but also the way in which data from specific widgets in the client are captured in the backend database. The ClearQuest Designer is currently only available for Microsoft Windows.
All clients talk to the backend databases via ODBC.
Clients are available for Microsoft Windows, Linux, AIX, HP-UX
HP-UX
HP-UX is Hewlett-Packard's proprietary implementation of the Unix operating system, based on UNIX System V and first released in 1984...
and Solaris operating systems.
User Database
"Main" database containing the data entered and queried by users. This must betagged as a "production database" to ClearQuest.
Test Database
Database tagged as a "test database" and can be thought of as being logically paired with a production User database; commonly, the User and Test databases will be associated with the same Schema, but with different versions of that schema. If the production User Database is associated with version "x" of a particular Schema and the administrators are working on new functionality which they intend to roll out to the production User Database, the Test Database may be associated with Schema version "x+1" (or higher).Customization
Full customization of the client interface and even the manner in which actual data is stored are possible using the ClearQuest Designer which provides a drag-and-dropDrag-and-drop
In computer graphical user interfaces, drag-and-drop is the action of selecting a virtual object by "grabbing" it and dragging it to a different location or onto another virtual object...
interface for laying out the client data input Forms.
The designer allows administrators to create and modify Record Types, Fields, Lists, hook code and scripts in a simple fashion.
Making changes in the ClearQuest Designer modifies a particular version of a Schema (or creates a new version).
Once an administrator is satisfied with their changes, they are able to test them without impacting the live production system by deploying the new Schema version to a Test Database associated with the Schema in question. Once testing is complete, the new Schema version can be applied to the production User Database such that all users will have access to the new schema. Note that the ClearQuest Designer performs a number of checks on the changes made by the administrator to ensure that the constraints have not been violated. This minimizes the chance that erroneous changes will be "rolled-out" to general ClearQuest users.
ClearQuest 7.1 introduces the ability within the designer to "diff" two arbitrary versions of a particular schema to allow the administrator to see easily what changes have been made.
Reporting
ClearQuest places heavy emphasis on reports, allowing users and administrators to define their own reports and charts (called Personal Queries) or shared reports and charts (called Public Queries). The ClearQuest client provides a simple interface to allow even new users to create useful reports with the minimum of effort. Additionally, since ClearQuest stores all its data in an RDBMS, the client can be used to create arbitrarily complex SQL queries which can again be made available to other users.Administration
Aside from the ClearQuest Designer, ClearQuest also provides a full API to allow programmatic access to ClearQuest. Like the hook code, this API is via Perl on Unix and Linux and either Perl or VBScript on Windows. Rather than providing a Perl module for an existing Perl installation, IBM includes their own version of Perl with ClearQuest (called "cqperl", now deprecated in favour of "ratlperl") to allow administrative access to the "CQPerlExt" module.Additionally, a number of command-line tools are provided to aid administrators, such as "
pdsql" which is an ODBC SQL client allowing various actions to be taken on the backend database along with the execution of arbitrary SQL code. Another important example is "cqload" which provides a number of facilities including the ability to import and export schema versions.Integration
ClearQuest is designed to be used with other Rational SoftwareRational Software
Rational Machines was founded by Paul Levy and Mike Devlin in 1981 to provide tools to expand the use of modern software engineering practices, particularly explicit modular architecture and iterative development...
testing tools, such as IBM Rational Performance Tester
IBM Rational Performance Tester
IBM Rational Performance Tester is a tool for automated performance testing of web and server based applications from the Rational Software division of IBM. It allows users to create tests that mimic user transactions between an application client and server. During test execution, these...
, IBM Rational Functional Tester
IBM Rational Functional Tester
IBM Rational Functional Tester is a tool for automated testing of software applications from the Rational Software division of IBM. It allows users to create tests that mimic the actions and assessments of a human tester...
and IBM Rational Manual Tester. ClearQuest also provides a robust environment for software quality assurance.
Using the Rational ClearQuest Bridge in IBM Rational Team Concert
IBM Rational Team Concert
IBM Rational Team Concert is a software development team collaboration tool developed by the Rational brand of IBM and was first released in 2008. The software is available in both client versions and a Web version...
, you can work with your ClearQuest records in an agile development environment.
The tool can also be linked to Microsoft Project
Microsoft Project
Microsoft Project is a project management software program, developed and sold by Microsoft, which is designed to assist a project manager in developing a plan, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads.The application creates critical path...
to create ordered steps for resources assigned to specific goals.
ClearQuest also integrates well with IBM Rational ClearCase/UCM revision control
Revision control
Revision control, also known as version control and source control , is the management of changes to documents, programs, and other information stored as computer files. It is most commonly used in software development, where a team of people may change the same files...
system. This allows to correlate source code sets or activities with ClearQuest records (i.e. bugs), simplifying some aspects of bug tracking and source code management.
IBM sells a supplementary product called ClearQuest MultiSite to allow ClearQuest databases to be synchronized, for example between two or more company offices potentially located in different countries.
ClearQuest can be configured to perform user authentication utilizing LDAP.
Licensing
ClearQuest uses FlexLM for licensing; each user who logs into ClearQuest must be able to obtain a FlexLM license from the available pool, or they will be denied access to ClearQuest.Note that no licenses are consumed by programs and scripts utilizing the ClearQuest API. The rationale behind this decision being that programs run by administrators against their installation must not fail due to insufficient licenses.
Criticisms
ClearQuest has been criticized for its large resource footprint and sub-par usability and design. ClearQuest is redeeming in its integrations with ClearCase but many complain of its lackluster integrations with other products, namely Visual Studio. Rational SoftwareRational Software
Rational Machines was founded by Paul Levy and Mike Devlin in 1981 to provide tools to expand the use of modern software engineering practices, particularly explicit modular architecture and iterative development...
continues to refine the user interface of ClearQuest, making gradual and steady progress. Another criticism is the price, which is four to five times that of competing products.
External links
- IBM Rational ClearQuest Information Centers
- IBM Rational ClearQuest product page on ibm.com
- IBM developerWorks page for Rational ClearQuest
- Jazz.net community site
- The module of the visualization of the ClearQuest tasks hierarchy as Gantt diagram
- Free trial download of Rational ClearQuest from IBM developerWorks
- UML diagrams from Visio and StarUML to IBM Rational ClearQuest Designer's states. Presentation
- Very comprehensive page on ClearQuest and ClearCase. Mostly for administrators
- Presentation: The module of the visualization of the ClearQuest tasks hierarchy as Gantt diagram