Removal from the Order of Canada - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Order of Canada

The Order of Canada is a Canadian national order, admission into which is, within the system of orders, decorations, and medals of Canada, the second highest honour for merit...

can have their honour revoked if the Order's Advisory Council feels that a recipient's actions have brought dishonour to the Order. As of 2010, only four people have been removed from the Order of Canada: Alan Eagleson

Alan Eagleson

Robert Alan Eagleson is a disbarred Canadian lawyer, convicted felon in two countries, former politician, hockey agent and promoter...

, David Ahenakew

David Ahenakew

David Ahenakew was a Canadian First Nations politician, and former National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations.Ahenakew was born at the Sandy Lake Indian Reserve in Saskatchewan...

, T. Sher Singh, and Steve Fonyo

Steve Fonyo

Stephen Charles Fonyo, Jr., is a Canadian man who lost his left leg to cancer at age 12. He later embarked on a cross-Canada marathon entitled the "Journey for Lives" to raise funds for cancer research...

. Eagleson was removed from the Order after being jailed for fraud in 1998, Ahenakew was removed in 2005 after being convicted of promoting anti-Semitic hatred in 2002, Singh was removed after the revocation of his law licence for professional misconduct, and Fonyo was removed due to numerous criminal convictions. The formal removal process is performed by the Advisory Council of the Order of Canada, though it can be initiated by any citizen of Canada

Canada

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

Policy

Paragraph 25, section C of the Constitution of the Order of Canada allows the Governor General of Canada

Governor General of Canada

The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...

to remove a person from the Order of Canada by issuing an ordinance

Decree

A decree is a rule of law issued by a head of state , according to certain procedures . It has the force of law...

based on a decision of the Advisory Council of the Order of Canada. This decision is based on 'evidence and guided by the principle of fairness and shall only be made after the Council has ascertained the relevant facts relating to the case under consideration.' A member of the Order can be removed for being convicted of a Crime in Canada or if the conduct of the person has otherwise brought dishonour to the Order. A person can also be removed from the Order if his or her personal conduct in public departs significantly from recognized standards and is seen as undermining the credibility, integrity, or relevance of the Order; if his or her conduct is a departure from what they have accomplished to be appointed to the Order; or if they have been subjected to an official sanction by an adjudicating body, professional association, or other organization. Official sanctions can include fines

Fines

Fines is a municipality of Almería province, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain.-Demographics:-External links: - Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía [ Fines] - Diputación Provincial de Almería...

, reprimands, or disbarment

Disbarment

Disbarment is the removal of a lawyer from a bar association or the practice of law, thus revoking his or her law license or admission to practice law...

(as was the case for Alan Eagleson). However, the only punishment the Advisory Council can issue is removal from the Order of Canada.

Procedure

The removal process begins by sending a written petition to the Deputy Secretary of The Chancellery or by the Deputy Secretary initiating the process himself/herself. If the petition was started by a citizen, the claim could be judged as valid or invalid. If it is invalid, the Deputy Secretary will consult with the Secretary General of the Order and a letter will be sent to petitioner explaining their decision. If it is valid, the petition will be sent by the Secretary General to the Advisory Council.

The Advisory Council now has the decision to either continue or to stop the removal process. If it stops, the Secretary General will notify the petitioner. If the Council sees reasonable grounds for the process to continue, the removal-nominee will go through the remainder of the removal process.

The Secretary General will send a registered letter to the removal-nominee that allegations were filled against them and their status in the Order of Canada is under consideration by the Advisory Council. The letter also gives the removal-nominee the options of responding to the allegations or to resign from the Order.

If the removal-nominee decides to leave the Order on their own, they will notify the Secretary General of their decision. If the removal-nominee decides to challenge the allegations, either they or their authorized representative will respond to the allegations within the time limit set in the notification letter. Whatever action the removal-nominee takes, the process will be handed back to the Advisory Council for further consideration. Once the Advisory Council has made their decision, they will send a report to the Governor General explaining their findings and their recommendations. The Governor General, following the recommendation of the Advisory Council, will either notify the person that they will remain in the Order in good standing or issue an ordinance terminating a person's membership in the Order. Once the ordinance has been published, the person must return all Order insignia to the Secretary General of the Order and their name will be removed from all records held by the Chancellery. The former member also loses the right to use their post-nominal letters

Post-nominal letters

Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles or designatory letters, are letters placed after the name of a person to indicate that the individual holds a position, educational degree, accreditation, office, or honour. An individual may use several different sets of...

in their names and loses the use of the Order motto, ribbon and medal on their personal coat of arms

Coat of arms

A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...

.

When the Order of Newfoundland and Labrador

Order of Newfoundland and Labrador

The Order of Newfoundland and Labrador is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Instituted in 2001, when Lieutenant Governor Arthur Maxwell House granted Royal Assent to the Order of Newfoundland and Labrador Act, the order is administered by the...

was created in 2001 it included a removal system modelled after that one used by the Order of Canada.

Change in Status

The first person "removed" from the Order was more of a transfer of status rather than a removal. In 1981 Zena Sheardown was appointed an honorary member of the Order of Canada. She was the wife of John Sheardown, a staff member at the Canadian embassy in Tehran during the Iranian Revolution

Iranian Revolution

The Iranian Revolution refers to events involving the overthrow of Iran's monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the...

. At this time the new regime did not recognize international laws regarding diplomatic immunity

Diplomatic immunity

Diplomatic immunity is a form of legal immunity and a policy held between governments that ensures that diplomats are given safe passage and are considered not susceptible to lawsuit or prosecution under the host country's laws...

and allowed a group of students to take control of the US embassy and hold its staff members hostage

Iran hostage crisis

The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic crisis between Iran and the United States where 52 Americans were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981, after a group of Islamist students and militants took over the American Embassy in Tehran in support of the Iranian...

. Several staff were not on site at this time and found refuge with the Canadian diplomatic contingent. At great personal risk the Sheardowns personally housed four Americans in their home for months until they could be safely removed from the country

Canadian caper

The "Canadian Caper" was the popular name given to the covert rescue by the Government of Canada of six American diplomats who evaded capture during the seizure of the United States embassy in Tehran, Iran and taking of embassy personnel as hostages by the Iranians on November 4, 1979.- Sanctuary...

. At this point, although married to a Canadian, Zena Sheardown was a British subject

British subject

In British nationality law, the term British subject has at different times had different meanings. The current definition of the term British subject is contained in the British Nationality Act 1981.- Prior to 1949 :...

having been born in Guyana

Guyana

Guyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and of the British...

. On the advice of Queen's Privy Council for Canada

Queen's Privy Council for Canada

The Queen's Privy Council for Canada ), sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council, is the full group of personal consultants to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs, though responsible government requires the sovereign or her viceroy,...

Sheardown was appointed the first honorary member of the Order of Canada in 1981. By the time she was to be invested in the Order Sheardown had become a naturalized Canadian

Canadian nationality law

Canadian citizenship is typically obtained by birth in Canada, birth abroad when at least one parent is a Canadian citizen and was born or naturalized in Canada, or by adoption abroad by at least one Canadian citizen. It can also be granted to a permanent resident who lives in Canada for three out...

. Shortly before her investiture the governor general terminated her honorary appointment, and immediately authorized a new appointment as a full member.

Individuals Removed from the Order

As of 2010, there have only been four individuals who have been removed from the Order of Canada: Alan Eagleson

Alan Eagleson

Robert Alan Eagleson is a disbarred Canadian lawyer, convicted felon in two countries, former politician, hockey agent and promoter...

in 1998, David Ahenakew

David Ahenakew

David Ahenakew was a Canadian First Nations politician, and former National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations.Ahenakew was born at the Sandy Lake Indian Reserve in Saskatchewan...

in 2005, T. Sher Singh in 2008, and Steve Fonyo

Steve Fonyo

in 2010.

Alan Eagleson

Alan Eagleson was appointed to the rank of Officer of the Order of Canada April 20, 1989 for his work in promoting the sport

Sport

A Sport is all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical fitness and provide entertainment to participants. Sport may be competitive, where a winner or winners can be identified by objective means, and may require a degree...

of ice hockey

Ice hockey

Ice hockey, often referred to as hockey, is a team sport played on ice, in which skaters use wooden or composite sticks to shoot a hard rubber puck into their opponent's net. The game is played between two teams of six players each. Five members of each team skate up and down the ice trying to take...

. While serving as the head of the National Hockey League's

National Hockey League

The National Hockey League is an unincorporated not-for-profit association which operates a major professional ice hockey league of 30 franchised member clubs, of which 7 are currently located in Canada and 23 in the United States...

Players Association, he was accused of defrauding

Fraud

In criminal law, a fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual; the related adjective is fraudulent. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime, and also a civil law violation...

players out of money. Other charges included racketeering, embezzlement

Embezzlement

Embezzlement is the act of dishonestly appropriating or secreting assets by one or more individuals to whom such assets have been entrusted....

, and obstruction of justice

Obstruction of justice

The crime of obstruction of justice, in United States jurisdictions, refers to the crime of interfering with the work of police, investigators, regulatory agencies, prosecutors, or other officials...

with 34 total charges in the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

and 8 in Canada

Canada

. After pleading guilty, Eagleson was removed from the Order by Governor General Roméo LeBlanc

Roméo LeBlanc

Roméo-Adrien LeBlanc was a Canadian journalist, politician, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 25th since Canadian Confederation....

in 1998, the first person to be removed from the Order. Eagleson also became the first person to voluntarily resign from the Hockey Hall of Fame

Hockey Hall of Fame

The Hockey Hall of Fame is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dedicated to the history of ice hockey, it is both a museum and a hall of fame. It holds exhibits about players, teams, National Hockey League records, memorabilia and NHL trophies, including the Stanley Cup...

in addition to being disbarred. Before the official removal from the Order, it had been suggested that Eagleson had received membership due to his support of one of the two major political parties. During some of the court procedures before he went to jail, he wore his Order of Canada lapel pin, despite the fact it was already stripped from him.

David Ahenakew

Ahenakew was appointed to the grade of Member in 1978 for his long time "service to Indians and Métis in Saskatchewan culminated in his election as Chief of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, which has revolutionized Indian education in his province." Ahenakew first came under fire in 2002 after giving a profanity

Profanity

Profanity is a show of disrespect, or a desecration or debasement of someone or something. Profanity can take the form of words, expressions, gestures, or other social behaviors that are socially constructed or interpreted as insulting, rude, vulgar, obscene, desecrating, or other forms.The...

-laden speech. In this speech, Ahenakew called the Jewish people "a disease." Ahenakew made taped comments to the Saskatoon StarPhoenix
Saskatoon StarPhoenix
The StarPhoenix is a daily newspaper that serves Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada and is a part of Postmedia Network.The StarPhoenix was first published as The Saskatoon Phenix on October 17, 1902 . In 1909, it became a daily paper and, in 1910, was renamed the Saskatoon Capital...

a few days after the speech that included "That's how Hitler came in. That he was going to make d*** sure that Jews weren't going to take over", and "That's why he fried six million of those guys." After both events, the Grand Chief of the Grand Council of the Crees

Grand Council of the Crees

The Grand Council of the Crees , or the GCC, is the political body that represents the approximately 16,357 Crees or “Iyyu” / “Iynu” of the Eeyou Istchee territory in the James Bay and Nunavik regions of Northern Quebec, Canada...

of Quebec

Quebec

Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....

Ted Moses

Ted Moses, is a Cree politician from Eastmain, a small remote village in northern Quebec, Canada. He is a former Grand Chief of the Crees . In addition, Mr. Moses is a recipient of the title of "Officer" of the National Order of Quebec.-Profile:Ted Moses was born in Eastmain, in the James Bay...

called for Ahenakew to be removed from the Order, which was supported by several Jewish groups and figures in Canada.

In June 2003, Ahenakew was formally charged by the Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of . Saskatchewan is bordered on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dakota....

Justice Department with the charge of willingly promoting hatred

Hate crime

In crime and law, hate crimes occur when a perpetrator targets a victim because of his or her perceived membership in a certain social group, usually defined by racial group, religion, sexual orientation, disability, class, ethnicity, nationality, age, gender, gender identity, social status or...

; but his removal from the Order was put on hold until the legal dispute was finished. Christopher McCreery

Christopher McCreery

Christopher McCreery, MVO is a Canadian author and historian.Best known for his six books on the Canadian honours system. A native of Kingston Ontario McCreery holds a Doctorate in Canadian history from Queen’s University...

, the author of the book The Order of Canada: Its Origins, History and Development, said this was done because the "Order's Advisory Council has traditionally steered clear of dealing with recipients who have run into public problems."

Ahenakew's membership in the Order was not brought up again by the Advisory Council until a meeting held on 29 June 2005. At this meeting, with nine members present and one abstention (Beverley McLachlin

Beverley McLachlin

Beverley McLachlin, PC is the Chief Justice of Canada, the first woman to hold this position. She also serves as a Deputy of the Governor General of Canada.-Early life:...

, the Chief Justice of Canada

Chief Justice of Canada

The Chief Justice of Canada, like the eight puisne Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada, is appointed by the Governor-in-Council . All nine are chosen from either sitting judges or barristers who have at least ten years' standing at the bar of a province or territory...

), it took the Council 90 minutes

Minutes

Minutes, also known as protocols, are the instant written record of a meeting or hearing. They typically describe the events of the meeting, starting with a list of attendees, a statement of the issues considered by the participants, and related responses or decisions for the issues.Minutes may be...

to decide to remove Ahenakew from the Order. The Globe and Mail listed the following members of the Advisory Council that were present and voted to remove Ahenakew from the Order: Tom Jackson

Tom Jackson (actor)

Thomas Dale Jackson, OC , is a Canadian born Métis actor and singer perhaps best known for the annual series of Christmas concerts, called the Huron Carole, which he created and starred in for 17 years...

, Karen Kain

Karen Kain

Karen Alexandria Kain, CC is a retired Canadian ballet dancer, and currently the Artistic Director of the National Ballet of Canada.-Early Training:...

, Alex Himelfarb

Alex Himelfarb

Alexander "Alex" Himelfarb, is a senior Canadian civil servant and academic.Born in Germany, he was raised and educated in Toronto. He received a Ph.D in sociology from University of Toronto. In 1981, he married Frum Himelfarb and they have three children: Jordan, David, and Nomi.He was a...

, Antonine Maillet

Antonine Maillet

Antonine Maillet, is an Acadian novelist, playwright, and scholar. She was born in Bouctouche, New Brunswick and lives in Montreal, Quebec....

, Ruth Goldbloom and Gilles Paquet

Gilles Paquet

Gilles Paquet, OC, FRSC is a Canadian economist, President of the Royal Society of Canada from 2003 to 2005. He is currently Professor Emeritus at the School of Management and Senior Research Fellow at the Centre on Governance of the University of Ottawa.He was professor of economics, and Dean of...

. After the meeting, the Council sent Ahenakew a letter to ask him to respond to the Council's decision or resign his membership. However, neither Ahenakew nor his lawyer

Lawyer

A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...

Doug Christie

Doug Christie (lawyer)

Douglas Hewson "Doug" Christie, Jr. is a Canadian lawyer and far-right political activist based in Victoria, British Columbia.-Career:...

responded to the letter by the 9 July deadline set by the Advisory Council. This led Governor General Adrienne Clarkson

Adrienne Clarkson

Adrienne Louise Clarkson is a Canadian journalist and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 26th since Canadian Confederation....

to issue an ordinance on 11 July to officially remove Ahenakew from the Order of Canada.

Before Ahenakew's removal, Christie said that Ahenakew should still be able to hold onto his insignia. Christie was quoted by the Globe and Mail as saying "I think that once you are given a gift, and it is a gift, I don't think anyone can ask for it back." McCreery stated that Ahenakew must return the insignia since they belong to the Order, not to Ahenakew. Paragraph 23 of the Order Constitution states that when a person either leaves or has been removed from the Order, the insignia must be returned to the Secretary General of the Order. McCreery said that the Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Royal Canadian Mounted Police

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police , literally ‘Royal Gendarmerie of Canada’; colloquially known as The Mounties, and internally as ‘The Force’) is the national police force of Canada, and one of the most recognized of its kind in the world. It is unique in the world as a national, federal,...

can be sent to get the insignia by force, but he believes it will not come down to that. For the purpose of preventing the sale of the insignia, the Member does not own the insignia, however the order does allow for the insignia to be retained as a family heirloom or donated to a "reputable museum".

Ahenakew has come out and criticized the Jewish population since he believes they are the group behind the effort to remove him from the Order. Ahenakew said at a news conference on 8 July 2005 that his removal "was the direct result of the pressure put on the [Governor General's] advisory committee by some of the Jewish community, including a letter-writing campaign and the lobbying by the Canadian Jewish Congress

Canadian Jewish Congress

The Canadian Jewish Congress was one of the main lobby groups for the Jewish community in the country, although it often competed with the more conservative B'nai Brith Canada in that regard. At its dissolution, the president of the CJC was Mark Freiman. Its past co-presidents were Sylvain Abitbol...

", and "Accepting the Order of Canada comes with no injunction against free speech. I am now forced to choose between freedom of speech and the Order of Canada. I choose free speech." McCerry rebutted Ahenakew by stating that Jewish groups were not the primary reason Ahenakew was removed from the Order. McCerry said that "Of course the main Jewish organizations were involved in this, but . . . it was Canadians in general that were outraged. So pointing the finger at the Canadian Jewish Congress
Canadian Jewish Congress
The Canadian Jewish Congress was one of the main lobby groups for the Jewish community in the country, although it often competed with the more conservative B'nai Brith Canada in that regard. At its dissolution, the president of the CJC was Mark Freiman. Its past co-presidents were Sylvain Abitbol...

or B'nai Brith is a bit of a red herring."

A spokesperson from the Governor General, Lucie Brosseau, has not set a time table or procedure to get "his snowflake insignia back", but said to the Canadian Press

Canadian Press

Canadian Press Enterprises Inc. is the entity which "will take over the operations of the Canadian Press" according to a November 26, 2010 article in the Toronto Star...

that "Out of respect for Mr. Ahenakew we have to allow him to have time to read the letter, to react, to think and we will give him an appropriate amount of time." Ahenakew stated that he would not return his lapel pin, telling the Canadian press that it would have to be removed from him.

T. Sher Singh

T. Sher Singh was made a Member of the Order of Canada in 2001. His appointment was terminated on December 10, 2008 after the Law Society of Upper Canada

Law Society of Upper Canada

The Law Society of Upper Canada is responsible for the self-regulation of lawyers and paralegals in the Canadian province of Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1797, it is known in French as "Le Barreau du Haut-Canada"...

found him guilty of professional misconduct and revoked his licence to practise law. Among the allegations against Singh were that he failed to serve clients, mishandled trust funds, misappropriated $2,000 from a client and continued to practise after being suspended in November 2005. His membership in the Order was revoked on December 10, 2008.

Stephen Fonyo

Fonyo

Steve Fonyo

was the youngest person ever appointed as an Officer of the Order in 1985, but following his appointment he developed an addiction to cocaine

Cocaine

Cocaine is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine. It is a stimulant of the central nervous system, an appetite suppressant, and a topical anesthetic...

. The Advisory Council considered removing him in 1995 following a criminal conviction related to his cocaine use, but did not move to strip him from the order.

In 1996, he pleaded guilty to 16 charges for offences in Edmonton, including assault with a weapon, aggravated assault, fraud for writing bad cheques totalling $10,000 to supermarkets and possession of a stolen vehicle. He has also been convicted at least five times of impaired driving and seven times of driving without a licence, most recently in the fall of 2008.

On Aug.13, 2009, Fonyo appeared in Surrey Provincial Court charged with one count of assault. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to one day in jail, and was also subject to a one-year probation order. Just five days later, the 44-year-old was back in Surrey court, having breached his conditions. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to 14 days in jail.

In a press release dated January 25, 2010, the Governor-General's office announced that Fonyo had been terminated from the Order.

Garth Drabinsky

Garth Howard Drabinsky, OC is a former Canadian film and theatrical producer and entrepreneur. In 2009, he was convicted and sentenced to prison for fraud and forgery. His sentence is stayed, pending appeal.-Biography:...

was a theatrical production mogul in Canada responsible for numerous successful productions in Canada, most notably the long-running Toronto production of Andrew Lloyd Webber

Andrew Lloyd Webber

Andrew Lloyd Webber, Baron Lloyd-Webber is an English composer of musical theatre.Lloyd Webber has achieved great popular success in musical theatre. Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway. He has composed 13 musicals, a song cycle, a set of...

's The Phantom of the Opera
The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)
The Phantom of the Opera is a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based on the French novel Le Fantôme de l'Opéra by Gaston Leroux.The music was composed by Lloyd Webber, and most lyrics were written by Charles Hart, with additional lyrics by Richard Stilgoe. Alan Jay Lerner was an early collaborator,...

. In 2009, he was found guilty of fraud and forgery in Ontario, and has been a fugitive from American law for related crimes. His conviction is currently pending appeal, and Drabinsky is free on bail. It is not expected that any decision will be announced with regard to Drabinsky's status as a member of the Order of Canada until the appeals process is completed.

Lord Black of Crossharbour

Media baron Conrad Black

Conrad Black

Conrad Moffat Black, Baron Black of Crossharbour, OC, KCSG, PC is a Canadian-born member of the British House of Lords, and a historian, columnist and publisher, who was for a time the third largest newspaper magnate in the world. Lord Black controlled Hollinger International, Inc...

has been a controversial figure in Canada for many years and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1990. He surrendered his Canadian citizenship to become a British life peer in 2001, though he remained in the Order of Canada. In 2005 he was formally charged in the United States on charges of racketeering, obstruction of justice

Obstruction of justice

The crime of obstruction of justice, in United States jurisdictions, refers to the crime of interfering with the work of police, investigators, regulatory agencies, prosecutors, or other officials...

, money laundering

Money laundering

Money laundering is the process of disguising illegal sources of money so that it looks like it came from legal sources. The methods by which money may be laundered are varied and can range in sophistication. Many regulatory and governmental authorities quote estimates each year for the amount...

and wire fraud

Wire fraud

Mail and wire fraud is a federal crime in the United States. Together, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341, 1343, and 1346 reach any fraudulent scheme or artifice to intentionally deprive another of property or honest services with a nexus to mail or wire communication....

, but due to lengthy appeals, even as Black was serving a prison sentence he still remained a member of the Order of Canada. In September 2011, after Black returned to prison due to the failure of his appeal, Rideau Hall

Rideau Hall

Rideau Hall is, since 1867, the official residence in Ottawa of both the Canadian monarch and the Governor General of Canada. It stands in Canada's capital on a 0.36 km2 estate at 1 Sussex Drive, with the main building consisting of 170 rooms across 9,500 m2 , and 24 outbuildings around the...

confirmed that Black's award was under review by the Advisory Council of the Order of Canada which has the power to recommend “the termination of a person's appointment to the Order of Canada if the person has been convicted of a criminal offence.”

Other ways to leave

The Constitution for the Order of Canada also allows for membership in the Order to end if a member passes away or resigns voluntarily.

Insignia

If a member dies, the post-nominal letters may still be affixed to their name and their family may keep the insignia as family heirlooms. If a member resigns, he or she must return all insignia and lose the use of the Order motto, ribbon, and medal on their personal coat of arms

Coat of arms

Old format

CBC account on the rise and fall of Eagleson.
http://montreal.cbc.ca/regional/servlet/View?filename=qc_mosesreax20021217 CBC article on Ahenakew's comments and reactions.
http://www.gg.ca/honours/oc-con_e.asp Paragraph 2 of the Policy and Procedure for Termination of Appointment to the Order Of Canada Policy.
http://www.southcoasttoday.com/daily/01-98/01-08-98/d06sp182.htm Listing of some of Eagleson's charges and legal issues.
http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-41-1493-10052/sports/alan_eagleson/clip9 CBC video of Eagleson leaving the Hockey Hall of Fame.
http://www.rafeonline.com/archive/province/20000721.shtml
http://www.southcoasttoday.com/daily/01-98/01-08-98/d06sp182.htm
http://www.gg.ca/Search/honours_descript_e.asp?type=2&id=7 Ahenakew's citation (deleted after he was removed).
http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/cpress/20050707/ca_pr_on_na/crime_ahenakew_hate_1 Canadian Press
Canadian Press
Canadian Press Enterprises Inc. is the entity which "will take over the operations of the Canadian Press" according to a November 26, 2010 article in the Toronto Star...

article on Ahenakew's possible removal from the Order
http://montreal.cbc.ca/regional/servlet/View?filename=qc_mosesreax20021217 CBC article on his speech and his comments to the reporter
http://www.gg.ca/media/doc.asp?lang=e&DocID=597 8 May 2003 statement from the Advisory Council on Ahenakew's membership in the Order
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/ArticleNews/TPStory/LAC/20050713/AHENAKEW13/TPNational/Canada Globe and Mail's article on the process of removing Ahenakew from the Order.
http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/cpress/20050711/ca_pr_on_na/ahenakew_hate_2
http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/cpress/20050712/ca_pr_on_na/ahenakew_hate_1
http://gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=2730 Conrad Black's Order of Canada Citation.
http://cbc.ca/cgi-bin/templates/view.cgi?/news/2001/05/19/black_010519 CBC news article about Black renouncing his citizenship.
http://gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=2583 Dr. Ranjit Chandra's Order of Canada citation.
http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2003/12/16/chandra_nutrition031216.html, http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/ethics/2006-01-10-journal-fraud_x.htm, http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2004/06/10/chandra040610.html, http://www.cbc.ca/nl/story/nf-chandra-retraction-20050302.html, http://www.cbc.ca/nl/story/nf_chandra_20031216.html, http://www.cbc.ca/national/news/chandra/, http://www.cbc.ca/national/news/chandra/part2.html Several articles related to the charges against Dr. Ranjit Chandra.
http://gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=841 Ben Johnson Order of Canada citation
http://www.gg.ca/honours/oc-con_e.asp Paragraph 25 (a) (b) of the Constitution of the Order of Canada.

External links

The Constitution of the Order of Canada Includes Policy and Procedure for Termination of Appointment to the Order Of Canada
Announcement of Eagleson's removal
Announcement of Ahenakew's removal
CBC Archives: Eagleson loses his Order of Canada

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