Rjecina
Encyclopedia
Rječina is a river in Croatia
which flows in the Adriatic Sea
in the city of Rijeka
(Fiume).
It is about 19 km long, with average width of 9-16 m. It springs
from the cave
on the height of 325 m above sea level, under high cliff of Kičej hill (606 m above sea level). Until 1870 the river's spring was under the next by hill called Podjavorje, but it collapsed in earthquake
near village
Klana. The most noticeable confluents
are Sušica, Lužac, Zala, Zahumčica, Golubinka, Ričinica i Borovšćica but they are mostly dry through the year. In 1968 a dam
was built for the needs of hydroelectric power plant
, and lake
Valići came to existence, but the same name village
ceased to exist. Rječina flows through the canyon
almost half of her length. In Rijeka, the river branches in two parts: Mrtvi kanal (the old basin) and the new canal which was made in 19th century when Mrtvi kanal was used as a harbour. Of sights, the most famous is Gaspar's watermill
(Gašparov mlin) in Martinovo Selo which was renewed in 90s. Of fauna the most noticeable are trout
and river crabs
.
and Habsburgs. Similar thing has happened in 1868 when Rječina became border between Croatian and Hungarian part of Austro-Hungary. After World War I it became for a very short time the border between Free State of Fiume
and Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. After Free State of Fiume was annexed by Italy
, Rječina became border river of this country. After World War II Rječina was no longer a border between states.
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
which flows in the Adriatic Sea
Adriatic Sea
The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges...
in the city of Rijeka
Rijeka
Rijeka is the principal seaport and the third largest city in Croatia . It is located on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea and has a population of 128,735 inhabitants...
(Fiume).
It is about 19 km long, with average width of 9-16 m. It springs
Spring (hydrosphere)
A spring—also known as a rising or resurgence—is a component of the hydrosphere. Specifically, it is any natural situation where water flows to the surface of the earth from underground...
from the cave
Cave
A cave or cavern is a natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. The term applies to natural cavities some part of which is in total darkness. The word cave also includes smaller spaces like rock shelters, sea caves, and grottos.Speleology is the science of exploration and study...
on the height of 325 m above sea level, under high cliff of Kičej hill (606 m above sea level). Until 1870 the river's spring was under the next by hill called Podjavorje, but it collapsed in earthquake
Earthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...
near village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
Klana. The most noticeable confluents
Confluence
Confluence, in geography, describes the meeting of two or more bodies of water.Confluence may also refer to:* Confluence , a property of term rewriting systems...
are Sušica, Lužac, Zala, Zahumčica, Golubinka, Ričinica i Borovšćica but they are mostly dry through the year. In 1968 a dam
Dam
A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. Hydropower and pumped-storage hydroelectricity are...
was built for the needs of hydroelectric power plant
Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy...
, and lake
Lake
A lake is a body of relatively still fresh or salt water of considerable size, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land. Lakes are inland and not part of the ocean and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are larger and deeper than ponds. Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams,...
Valići came to existence, but the same name village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
ceased to exist. Rječina flows through the canyon
Canyon
A canyon or gorge is a deep ravine between cliffs often carved from the landscape by a river. Rivers have a natural tendency to reach a baseline elevation, which is the same elevation as the body of water it will eventually drain into. This forms a canyon. Most canyons were formed by a process of...
almost half of her length. In Rijeka, the river branches in two parts: Mrtvi kanal (the old basin) and the new canal which was made in 19th century when Mrtvi kanal was used as a harbour. Of sights, the most famous is Gaspar's watermill
Watermill
A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping .- History :...
(Gašparov mlin) in Martinovo Selo which was renewed in 90s. Of fauna the most noticeable are trout
Brown trout
The brown trout and the sea trout are fish of the same species....
and river crabs
Astacus astacus
Astacus astacus, the European crayfish, noble crayfish or broad-fingered crayfish, is the most common species of crayfish in Europe, and a traditional foodstuff. Like other crayfish, Astacus astacus is restricted to fresh water, living only in unpolluted streams, rivers and lakes...
.
Border
During history this river has been many times border between different states. First time this has happen between XIII and XVI century when it formed the border between Lands of the Crown of Saint StephenLands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
The historical term Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen was used to denote a group of territories connected to the Kingdom of Hungary within Austria-Hungary...
and Habsburgs. Similar thing has happened in 1868 when Rječina became border between Croatian and Hungarian part of Austro-Hungary. After World War I it became for a very short time the border between Free State of Fiume
Free State of Fiume
The Free State of Fiume was an independent free state which existed between 1920 and 1924. Its territory of comprised the city of Fiume and rural areas to its north, with a corridor to its west connecting it to Italy.-History:Fiume gained autonomy for the first time in 1719 when it was proclaimed...
and Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. After Free State of Fiume was annexed by Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, Rječina became border river of this country. After World War II Rječina was no longer a border between states.