Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Burgos
Encyclopedia
Episcopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...
of Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, to which in the eleventh century the ancient Sees of Oca and Valpuesta were transferred. In 1574 Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII , born Ugo Boncompagni, was Pope from 1572 to 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally-accepted civil calendar to this date.-Youth:He was born the son of Cristoforo Boncompagni and wife Angela...
raised it to metropolitan
Metropolitan bishop
In Christian churches with episcopal polity, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of a historical Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital.Before the establishment of...
rank, at the request of King Philip II
Philip II of Spain
Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....
. The archdiocese since the Concordat of 1851
Concordat of 1851
The Concordat of 1851 was an concordat between the Spanish government of Queen Isabella II and the Vatican. Although the concordat was signed on March 16, 1851, its terms were not implemented until 1855. The concordat remained in effect until it was repudiated by the Second Spanish Republic in 1931...
comprises almost the entire province of Burgos.
Its suffragans are:
Its area is approximately 8694 square miles (22,517.4 km²), with a population in the early 20th century of 340,000, divided into 1220 parishes which form forty-seven vicariates. By 2006, the number of parishes had declined to 1001.
In 2006, the Archdiocese of Burgos had 339,360 Catholics. This meant that 94% of the population was Catholic in the area. However, since the Catholic Church records people who have been baptized as members, and only with the rare occurrence of excommunication are people normally removed from the records, this figure probably includes many people who not only do not attend Catholic services but may have actually been baptized in and currently attending Protestant, Latter-day Saint, or Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
services.
The diocese had 589 Catholics per priest, which although it was higher than the 439 Catholics per priest that there had been in 1978 it was much lower than the 655 Catholics per priest in the Diocese back in 1950.
Geography
The northern and eastern portion of the diocese is mountainous, thickly wooded, and traversed by rivers, among which is the EbroEbro
The Ebro or Ebre is one of the most important rivers in the Iberian Peninsula. It is the biggest river by discharge volume in Spain.The Ebro flows through the following cities:*Reinosa in Cantabria.*Miranda de Ebro in Castile and León....
, which rises in the mountains and serves as the eastern boundary for Miranda de Ebro
Miranda de Ebro
Miranda de Ebro is a city on the Ebro river in the province of Burgos in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is located in the north-eastern part of the province, on the border with the province of Álava and the autonomous community of La Rioja...
. The Arlanza which crosses the diocese from east to west flows by Salas de los Infantes
Salas de los Infantes
Salas de los Infantes is a municipality located in Burgos Province between Logroño, Soria and Burgos in Spain. It is hilly with many foothills and mountains. The mountain range Sierra de la Demanda with the black lagoon, La Laguna Negra is nearby....
, near the famous monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos, and through the center of the well-known town of Lerma
Lerma, Burgos
Lerma is a Spanish town and municipality in the province of Burgos, part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It has important monuments dating from the 17th century, which were built by the Duke of Lerma....
.
The mountainous region is unproductive of cereals, but fruits grow in abundance, and fine pasture-lands sustain great herds of cows and sheep, which furnish excellent meat and milk. Delicate cheeses which take their name from the city and are famous throughout Spain, are made in this section. Minerals are abundant, especially sulphate of soda, common salt, iron, and hard coal. The southern part of the diocese, especially the valley and plains, is fertile and produces abundantly vegetables, cereals, and quite a quantity of wind. The climate, cold but healthy, is damp towards the north. Although this section has few industries, the transportation of its fruit and minerals is greatly facilitated by the numerous highways and by the railroad between Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
and France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
which crosses the eastern side of the diocese from south to north. There are also some secondary railway lines for the operation of the mines.
Councils
Some important councils have been held in Burgos. A national council took place there in 1078, although opinions differ as to date (the "Boletín de la Academia de la Historia de Madrid", 1906, XLIX, 337, says 1080). This was presided over by the papal delegate, Cardinal Roberto, and attended by King Alfonso VI of CastileAlfonso VI of Castile
Alfonso VI , nicknamed the Brave or the Valiant, was King of León from 1065, King of Castile and de facto King of Galicia from 1072, and self-proclaimed "Emperor of all Spain". After the conquest of Toledo he was also self-proclaimed victoriosissimo rege in Toleto, et in Hispania et Gallecia...
. It was convoked for the purpose of introducing into Spain the Roman Rite
Roman Rite
The Roman Rite is the liturgical rite used in the Diocese of Rome in the Catholic Church. It is by far the most widespread of the Latin liturgical rites used within the Western or Latin autonomous particular Church, the particular Church that itself is also called the Latin Rite, and that is one of...
form of liturgy
Mass
Mass can be defined as a quantitive measure of the resistance an object has to change in its velocity.In physics, mass commonly refers to any of the following three properties of matter, which have been shown experimentally to be equivalent:...
with the Roman Breviary and Sacramentary
Sacramentary
The Sacramentary is a book of the Middle Ages containing the words spoken by the priest celebrating a Mass and other liturgies of the Church. The books were usually in fact written for bishops or other higher clegy such as abbots, and many lavishly decorated illuminated manuscript sacramentaries...
in place of the Mozarabic Rite
Mozarabic Rite
The Mozarabic, Visigothic, or Hispanic Rite is a form of Catholic worship within the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, and in the Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church . Its beginning dates to the 7th century, and is localized in the Iberian Peninsula...
then in use.
Another national council, presided over by Cardinal Boso (d. 1181), also papal delegate, settled questions of discipline and established diocesan rights and limits. The proceedings of this council remained unpublished until quite recently, when they were made known in the Boletín already mentioned (XLVIII) 395).
In 1898 a provincial council was called by Archbishop (not Cardinal) Don Gregorio Aguirre, in which the obligations of the clergy and the faithful were most minutely set forth.
Saints
Saint JulianJulian of Cuenca
Saint Julian of Cuenca was the second bishop of Cuenca, Spain, and was also a professor, hermit, priest, and preacher. -Biography:...
, Bishop of Cuenca, called the Almoner
Almoner
An almoner is a chaplain or church officer who originally was in charge of distributing cash to the deserving poor.Historically, almoners were Christian religious functionaries whose duty was to distribute alms to the poor. Monasteries were required to spend one tenth of their income in charity to...
because of his great charity to the poor, was born in Burgos; also Saint Amaro the Pilgrim, who has always had a special cult devoted to him in Burgos, though not found in the Roman Martyrology
Roman Martyrology
The Roman Martyrology is the official martyrology of the Roman Rite of the Roman Catholic Church. It provides an extensive but not exhaustive list of the saints recognized by the Church.-History:...
. Two local saints were the martyrs Centola and Helen
Centola and Helen
Saints Centola and Helen were, according to Christian tradition, two women who were martyred at Burgos in 304 AD during the persecution of Christians by Diocletian.-Veneration:Their cult remained localized in the Burgos region...
(Elena).
Saint Iñigo (Enecus or Ignatius), abbot of Oña
Oña
Oña is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2009 census , the municipality has a population of 1,256 inhabitants.It is home to the monastery of San Salvador de Oña....
, while not born in Burgos, labored there for many years; also Saint Domingo de Silos
Dominic of Silos
Saint Dominic of Silos was a Spanish saint, to whom the Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos is dedicated....
, abbot and reformer of the famous monastery of Silos, and Saint John of Sahagún
John of Sahagún
John of Sahagún , also known as Saint John of San Facondo, was a Spanish priest who belonged to the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine...
, a native of that town in the province of Leon
León (province)
León is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.About one quarter of its population of 500,200 lives in the capital, León. The weather is cold and dry during the winter....
.
Among its saints may also be mentioned the martyrs of Cardeña
Cardeña
Cardeña is a municipality in the province of Córdoba, Spain....
, religious of the convent of the same name, who in the tenth century were executed by the Arab soldiers of the Emir of Cordoba in one of their numerous invasions of Castile; and St. Casilda, daughter of a Moorish king of Toledo
Toledo, Spain
Toledo's Alcázar became renowned in the 19th and 20th centuries as a military academy. At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 its garrison was famously besieged by Republican forces.-Economy:...
, converted near Burgos whither she had gone with her father's consent to drink the water of some medicinal springs. She built a hermitage and died a saintly death.
Bishops of Burgos (1075-1574)
- 1075-1082 : Simeón (or Simón)
- 1082-1096 : Gómez
- 1097-1114 : García Aznárez
- 1114-1118 : Pascual
- 1119-1146 : Ramiro (intruso)
- 1147-1156 : Víctor
- 1156-1181 : Pedro PérezPedro PérezPedro Pérez Dueñas is a retired triple jumper from Cuba. He set the world record in the men's triple jump event on August 5, 1971, jumping 17.40 metres in the final of the Pan American Games.-Achievements:-References:* *...
- 1181-1200 : Marino Maté
- 1200-1205 : Mateo I
- 1206-1211 : García Martínez de Contreras
- 1211-1212 : Juan Maté
- 1213-1238 : Mauricio
- 1240-1246 : Juan
- 1246-1257 : Aparicio
- 1257-1259 : Mateo II Rinal
- 1260-1267 : Martín GonzálezMartín GonzálezÁngel Martín González is a retired Spanish footballer who played mostly as a defensive midfielder.-Football career:...
- 1268-1269 : Juan de Villahoz
- 1275-1280 : Gonzalo García GudielGonzalo García GudielGonzalo García Gudiel was a Castilian prelate and statesman in the service of kings Alfonso X and Sancho IV and Pope Boniface VIII. He was Bishop of Cuenca and Burgos and Archbishop of Toledo , the first official Primate of Spain and finally Cardinal-bishop of Albano at the curia Romana...
- 1280-1299 : Fernando
- 1300-1302 : Pedro Rodríguez
- 1303-1313 : Pedro Rodríguez Quijada
- 1313-1327 : Gonzalo de Hinojosa
- 1327-1348 : García de Torres Sotoscueva
- 1348-13 . . : Pedro
- 1351-13 . . : Lope de Fontecha
- 1352-13 . . : Juan Sánchez de las Roelas
- 1361-13 . . : Juan
- 1362-1365 : Fernando de Vargas
- 1366-1380 : Domingo de Arroyuelo
- 1381-1382 : Juan García Manrique
- 1382-1394 : Gonzalo de Mena y Roelas
- 1394-1406 : Juan de Villacreces
- 1407-1413 : Juan Cabeza de Vaca.
- 1413-1414 : Alfonso de Illescas
- 1415-1435 : Pablo de Santa María
- 1435-1456 : Alfonso de CartagenaAlfonso de CartagenaAlfonso de Santa María de Cartagena was a Jewish convert to Christianity, a Roman Catholic bishop, diplomat, historian and writer of pre-Renaissance Spain....
- 1456-1495 : Luis de Acuña y Osorio
- 1495-1512 : Pascual de Ampudia — (o 1496-1512)
- 15 . .-1514 : Ortega Gomiel
- 1514-1524 : Juan Rodríguez de FonsecaJuan Rodríguez de FonsecaJuan Rodriguez de Fonseca was a Spanish bishop, a courtier and bureaucrat whose position as chaplain to Queen Isabella enabled him to become a powerful counsellor to Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic Monarchs...
- 1525-1527 : Antonio de Rojas
- 1529-1537 : Íñigo López de Mendoza y ZúñigaIñigo López de Mendoza y ZúñigaDon Íñigo López de Mendoza y Zúñiga , cardinal, archbishop of Burgos and bishop of Coria, was a Castilian clergyman and diplomat in the service of Emperor Charles V....
- 1537-1550 : Juan Álvarez de ToledoJuan Álvarez de ToledoJuan Álvarez de Toledo was a Spanish Dominican and Cardinal, from 1538. Considered papabile in the papal conclave , he was initially running second in votes to Reginald Pole...
- 1550-1566 : Francisco de Mendoza y Bobadilla
- 1567-1574 : Francisco Pacheco de ToledoFrancisco Pacheco de ToledoFrancisco Pacheco de Toledo was a Spanish cardinal.- Life :He was admitted to the court of Charles V and Philip II of Spain. In 1545 he joined his uncle, cardinal Pedro Pacheco de Villena, on a trip to Rome, where the younger man won the admiration of pope Julius III, who made him a canon of...
Archbishops of Burgos (from 1574)
In 1574, the see of Burgos was raised to the status of an archbishopric by Pope Gregory XIIIPope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII , born Ugo Boncompagni, was Pope from 1572 to 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally-accepted civil calendar to this date.-Youth:He was born the son of Cristoforo Boncompagni and wife Angela...
.
- 1574-1579 : Francisco Pacheco de ToledoFrancisco Pacheco de ToledoFrancisco Pacheco de Toledo was a Spanish cardinal.- Life :He was admitted to the court of Charles V and Philip II of Spain. In 1545 he joined his uncle, cardinal Pedro Pacheco de Villena, on a trip to Rome, where the younger man won the admiration of pope Julius III, who made him a canon of...
- 1580-1599 : Cristóbal Vela y Acuña
- 1600-1604 : Antonio Zapata y CisnerosAntonio Zapata y CisnerosAntonio Zapata y Cisneros was a Spanish bishop, archbishop and cardinal-priest of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, as well as councillor to Philip III of Spain, viceroy of Naples and inquisitor general of Spain...
- 1604-1612 : Alfonso Manrique
- 1613-1629 : Fernando de Acevedo González
- 1630-1631 : José González Villalobos
- 1631-1640 : Fernando de Andrade y Sotomayor
- 1640-1655 : Francisco Manso de Zúñiga
- . . . . .1657 : Juan Pérez Delgado
- 1658-1663 : Antonio Payno Osorio
- 1663-1664 : Diego de Tejada y la Guardia
- 1665-1679 : Enrique de Peralta y Cárdenas
- 1680-1701 : Juan de Isla
- . . . . .1702 : Francisco de Borja y Ponce de León
- 1703-1704 : Fernando Manuel de Mejía
- 1705-1723 : Manuel Francisco Navarrete
- 1724-1728 : Lucas Conejero de Molina
- 1728-1741 : Manuel de Samaniego y Jaca
- 1741-1744 : Diego Felipe de Perea y Magdaleno
- 1744-1750 : Pedro de la Cuadra y Achica
- 1751-1757 : Juan Francisco Guillén Isso
- 1757-1761 : Onésimo de Salamanca y Zaldívar
- 1761-1764 : Francisco Díaz Santos del Bullón
- 1764-1791 : José Javier Rodríguez de Arellano
- 1791-1797 : Juan Antonio de los Tucros
- 1797-1801 : Ramón José de ArceRamón José de ArceRamón José de Arce y Rebollar was a Spanish churchman who served as Archbishop of Burgos from 1797 to 1801; as Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition from 1797 to 1808; as Archbishop of Zaragoza from 1800 to 1816; and as Patriarch of the West Indies from 1806 to 1815.-Biography:Ramón José de...
- 1801 : Juan Antonio López Cabrejas (electo)
- 1802-1822 : Manuel Cid y Monroy
- 1824-1825 : Fray Rafael de Vélez
- 1825-1829 : Alonso Cañedo Vigil
- 1830-1832 : Joaquín López y Sicilia
- 1832-1840 : Ignacio Rives y Mayor
- 1845-1847 : Severo Leonardo Andriani y Escofet (Administrador Apostólico)
- 1847-1848 : Ramón Montero
- 1849-1857 : Cirilo Alameda y Brea
- 1857-1867 : Fernando de la Puente y Primo de Rivera
- 1867-1882 : Anastasio Rodrigo Yusto
- 1883-1886 : Saturnino Fernández de Castro y de la Cotera
- 1886-1893 : Manuel Gómez Salazar y Lucio Villegas
- 1894-1909 : Gregorio Maria Aguirre y Garcia
- 1909-1912 : Benito Murúa López
- 1913-1918 : José Cadena y Eleta
- 1919-1926 : Juan Benlloch Vivó
- 1926-1927 : Pedro Segura y SáenzPedro Segura y SáenzPedro Segura y Sáenz was a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Toledo from 1927 to 1931, and Archbishop of Seville from 1937 until his death...
- 1928-1944 : Manuel de Castro Alonso
- 1944-1963 : Luciano Pérez Platero — (o 1945-1963)
- 1964-1983 : Segundo García de la Sierra y Méndez (o Segundo García de Sierra y Méndez)
- 1983-1992 : Teodoro Cardenal Fernández
- 1992-2002 : Santiago Martínez Acebes
- 2002-. . . . . . : Francisco Gil Hellín