Rosinweed
Encyclopedia
Silphium is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plant
s in the family Asteraceae
, native to eastern North America
. Members of the genus, commonly known as Rosinweeds, are herbaceous
perennial plant
s growing to 0.5-4 m tall, with yellow (rarely white) flowerheads. The name of the genus comes from the Ancient Greek
word for a North African plant
whose identity has been lost, though it is known its gum or juice was prized by the ancients as a medicine and a condiment.
Sources: FNA, IPNI, NRCS, GRIN, ITIS, UniProt
Flowering plant
The flowering plants , also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by a series of synapomorphies...
s in the family Asteraceae
Asteraceae
The Asteraceae or Compositae , is an exceedingly large and widespread family of vascular plants. The group has more than 22,750 currently accepted species, spread across 1620 genera and 12 subfamilies...
, native to eastern North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
. Members of the genus, commonly known as Rosinweeds, are herbaceous
Herbaceous plant
A herbaceous plant is a plant that has leaves and stems that die down at the end of the growing season to the soil level. They have no persistent woody stem above ground...
perennial plant
Perennial plant
A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. The term is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter lived annuals and biennials. The term is sometimes misused by commercial gardeners or horticulturalists to describe only herbaceous perennials...
s growing to 0.5-4 m tall, with yellow (rarely white) flowerheads. The name of the genus comes from the Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek is the stage of the Greek language in the periods spanning the times c. 9th–6th centuries BC, , c. 5th–4th centuries BC , and the c. 3rd century BC – 6th century AD of ancient Greece and the ancient world; being predated in the 2nd millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek...
word for a North African plant
Silphium
Silphium was a plant that was used in classical antiquity as a rich seasoning and as a medicine. It was the essential item of trade from the ancient North African city of Cyrene, and was so critical to the Cyrenian economy that most of their coins bore a picture of the plant...
whose identity has been lost, though it is known its gum or juice was prized by the ancients as a medicine and a condiment.
Species
- Silphium albiflorum A.Gray – White Rosinweed
- Silphium asteriscusSilphium asteriscusSilphium asteriscus also known as starry rosinweed is the type species of the genus Silphium and a member of the family Asteraceae.-External links:...
L. – Starry Rosinweed - Silphium brachiatum Gatt. – Cumberland Rosinweed
- Silphium compositum Michx. – Kidneyleaf Rosinweed
- Silphium glutinosum J.R.Allison – Sticky Rosinweed
- Silphium integrifoliumSilphium integrifoliumSilphium integrifolium is a tall growing herbaceous perennial plant in Asteraceae. It is native from central North America.Three inch sunflower-like flowers top 3 to 5 foot plants in mid to late summer. Grows in full sun and any soil. Great for the prairie wild flower garden as the hearty seeds...
Michx. – Wholeleaf Rosinweed - Silphium laciniatumSilphium laciniatumSilphium laciniatum is a species of flowering plant in the genus Silphium...
L. – Compassplant - Silphium mohrii Small – Mohr's Rosinweed
- Silphium perfoliatumSilphium perfoliatumSilphium perfoliatum is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in Asteraceae, the aster family, it is native from Eastern and Central North America. It grows in prairies, open woodlands, and on stream banks....
L. – Cup Plant - Silphium perplexum J.R.Allison – Old Cahaba Rosinweed
- Silphium radula Nutt. – Roughstem Rosinweed
- Silphium radula var. gracile (A.Gray) J.A.Clevinger – Slender Rosinweed
- Silphium reverchonii Bush – Reverchon's Rosinweed
- Silphium scaberrimum Ell. – Roughleaf Rosinweed
- Silphium simpsonii Greene – Simpson's Rosinweed
- Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. – Prairie Rosinweed, Prairie Dock
- Silphium terebinthinaceum var. pinnatifidum (Elliott) A.Gray – Tansy Rosinweed
- Silphium trifoliatum L. – Whorled Rosinweed
- Silphium wasiotense M.Medley – Appalachian Rosinweed
Sources: FNA, IPNI, NRCS, GRIN, ITIS, UniProt
Formerly placed here
- Berlandiera × betonicifolia (Hook.) Small (as S. mollissima D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.)
- Berlandiera pumila (Michx.) Nutt. (as S. pumilum Michx.)
- Engelmannia peristeniaEngelmannia (Asteraceae)Engelmannia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae. The sole species it contains, Engelmannia peristenia, is commonly known as Engelmann's Daisy or Cutleaf Daisy and is native to the Great Plains of North America....
(Raf.) Goodman & C.A.Lawson (as S. peristenium Raf.) - Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski (as S. trilobatum L.)