Rothenbrunnen
Encyclopedia
Rothenbrunnen is a municipality
in the district of Hinterrhein
in the Swiss
canton
of Graubünden
.
The municipality is located in the Domleschg sub-district, of the Hinterrhein district. It is a linear village
on the right hand side of the Hinterrhine
river. It also includes the settlement of Ravetsch (Romansh: Ravetg)
where the name of the municipality is translated or represented on the coat of arms. In this case, in German Rothen means red and brunnen means fountain. The fountain refers to the source of medicinal waters for which the municipality was known. The coat of arms is also the coat of arms of the Freiherr
von Juvalta, but modified with a star.
, the gender distribution of the population was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. The age distribution, , in Rothenbrunnen is; 58 people or 13.7% of the population are between 0 to 9 years old. 28 people or 6.6% are 10 to 14, and 39 people or 9.2% are 15 to 19. Of the adult population, 38 people or 9.0% of the population are between 20 to 29 years old. 70 people or 16.6% are 30 to 39, 67 people or 15.9% are 40 to 49, and 68 people or 16.1% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 31 people or 7.3% of the population are between 60 to 69 years old, 11 people or 2.6% are 70 to 79, there are 8 people or 1.9% who are 80 to 89, and there are 4 people or 0.9% who are 90 to 99.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 44.6% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS
(22.4%), the FDP
(15%) and the CVP
(10.5%).
In Rothenbrunnen about 58.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
).
Rothenbrunnen has an unemployment rate of 1.29%. , there were 11 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 31 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 5 businesses in this sector. 230 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 13 businesses in this sector.
The historical population is given in the following table:
are listed as a Swiss heritage sites of national significance
.
. The wettest month is August during which time Rothenbrunnen receives an average of 105 mm (4.1 in) of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 10.9 days. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 45 mm (1.8 in) of precipitation over 10.9 days.
.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Hinterrhein
Hinterrhein (district)
Hinterrhein District is an administrative district in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has an area of and has a population of .Hinterrhein District consists of five Kreise and twenty-eight municipalities...
in the Swiss
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Graubünden
Graubünden
Graubünden or Grisons is the largest and easternmost canton of Switzerland. The canton shares borders with the cantons of Ticino, Uri, Glarus and St. Gallen and international borders with Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein...
.
History
Rothenbrunnen is first mentioned in 1472 as Hof Juvalt. In 1572 it was mentioned as zum Roten Brunnen.Geography
Rothenbrunnen has an area, , of 3.1 km² (1.2 sq mi). Of this area, 11.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 67.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 9.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (11.3%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).The municipality is located in the Domleschg sub-district, of the Hinterrhein district. It is a linear village
Linear village
In geography, a linear village, or linear settlement, is a small to medium-sized settlement that is formed around a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Wraysbury, a village in Berkshire, is one of the longest villages in England....
on the right hand side of the Hinterrhine
Hinterrhein (river)
The Hinterrhein is one of the initial tributaries of the Rhine in the Canton of Graubünden in Switzerland, flowing from the village Hinterrhein near the San Bernardino pass through the Rheinwald valley into a gorge called Roflaschlucht...
river. It also includes the settlement of Ravetsch (Romansh: Ravetg)
Coat of arms
The municipality's coat of arms is Argent a Fountain proper Gules and in Chief Azure a Mullet Or. This is an example of cantingCanting arms
Canting arms are heraldic bearings that represent the bearer's name in a visual pun or rebus. The term cant came into the English language from Anglo-Norman cant, meaning song or singing, from Latin cantāre, and English cognates include canticle, chant, accent, incantation and recant.Canting arms –...
where the name of the municipality is translated or represented on the coat of arms. In this case, in German Rothen means red and brunnen means fountain. The fountain refers to the source of medicinal waters for which the municipality was known. The coat of arms is also the coat of arms of the Freiherr
Freiherr
The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname...
von Juvalta, but modified with a star.
Demographics
Rothenbrunnen has a population (as of ) of . , 11.2% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -6.5%., the gender distribution of the population was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. The age distribution, , in Rothenbrunnen is; 58 people or 13.7% of the population are between 0 to 9 years old. 28 people or 6.6% are 10 to 14, and 39 people or 9.2% are 15 to 19. Of the adult population, 38 people or 9.0% of the population are between 20 to 29 years old. 70 people or 16.6% are 30 to 39, 67 people or 15.9% are 40 to 49, and 68 people or 16.1% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 31 people or 7.3% of the population are between 60 to 69 years old, 11 people or 2.6% are 70 to 79, there are 8 people or 1.9% who are 80 to 89, and there are 4 people or 0.9% who are 90 to 99.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 44.6% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(22.4%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(15%) and the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(10.5%).
In Rothenbrunnen about 58.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
Rothenbrunnen has an unemployment rate of 1.29%. , there were 11 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 31 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 5 businesses in this sector. 230 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 13 businesses in this sector.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1803 | 64 |
| 1900 | 77 |
| 1950 | 247 |
| 1960 | 292 |
| 1970 | 319 |
| 1980 | 403 |
| 1990 | 330 |
| 2000 | 422 |
Languages
Most of the population speaks German (83.2%), with Romansh being second most common ( 7.6%) and Portuguese being third ( 2.1%).| Languages in Rothenbrunnen | ||||||
| Languages | Census 1980 | Census 1990 | Census 2000 | |||
| Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | |
| German German language German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union.... |
265 | 65.76 % | 254 | 76.97 % | 351 | 83.18 % |
| Romanish | 44 | 10.92 % | 32 | 9.70 % | 32 | 7.58 % |
| Italian Italian language Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia... |
69 | 17.12 % | 11 | 3.33 % | 7 | 1.66 % |
| Population | 403 | 100 % | 330 | 100 % | 422 | 100 % |
Heritage sites of national significance
The ruins of Hochjuvalt CastleHochjuvalt Castle
Hochjuvalt Castle is a castle in the municipality of Rothenbrunnen of the Canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.-References:...
are listed as a Swiss heritage sites of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Weather
Rothenbrunnen has an average of 101.1 days of rain per year and on average receives 850 mm (33.5 in) of precipitationPrecipitation (meteorology)
In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation (also known as one of the classes of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation...
. The wettest month is August during which time Rothenbrunnen receives an average of 105 mm (4.1 in) of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 10.9 days. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 45 mm (1.8 in) of precipitation over 10.9 days.
Transportation
Rhaetian Railway operate services to Rothenbrunnen (Rhaetian Railway station)Rothenbrunnen (Rhaetian Railway station)
Rothenbrunnen is a railway station in Rothenbrunnen, Switzerland. It is located on the Chur S-Bahn network from Chur to Thusis.Hourly services operate on this line. Trains on the Chur-St. Moritz line stop at this station during the early morning and late evening only.-Rhaetian Railway services:*R11...
.