S100A7
Encyclopedia
Protein S100-A7 also known as S100 calcium-binding protein A7 or psoriasin is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the S100A7 gene
.
calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm
and/or nucleus
of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle
progression and differentiation
. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein differs from the other S100 proteins of known structure in its lack of calcium binding ability in one EF-hand at the N-terminus. The protein functions as a prominent antimicrobial peptide mainly against E. coli
.
S100A7 is highly homologous to S100A15
(koebnerisin) but distinct in expression, tissue distribution and function.
patients, but is excluded as a candidate gene for familial psoriasis susceptibility.
with COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5
, FABP5
and RANBP9
.
S100A7 interacts with RAGE
(receptor of advanced glycated end products).
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the S100A7 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
Function
S100A7 is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-handEF hand
The EF hand is a helix-loop-helix structural domain found in a large family of calcium-binding proteins. The EF-hand motif contains a helix-loop-helix topology, much like the spread thumb and forefinger of the human hand, in which the Ca2+ ions are coordinated by ligands within the loop...
calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a small gel-like substance residing between the cell membrane holding all the cell's internal sub-structures , except for the nucleus. All the contents of the cells of prokaryote organisms are contained within the cytoplasm...
and/or nucleus
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these...
of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle
Cell cycle
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that takes place in a cell leading to its division and duplication . In cells without a nucleus , the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission...
progression and differentiation
Differentiation
Differentiation may refer to:* Differentiation , the process of finding a derivative* Differentiated instruction in education* Cellular differentiation in biology* Planetary differentiation in planetary science...
. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein differs from the other S100 proteins of known structure in its lack of calcium binding ability in one EF-hand at the N-terminus. The protein functions as a prominent antimicrobial peptide mainly against E. coli
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms . Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in humans, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls...
.
S100A7 is highly homologous to S100A15
S100A15
Koebnerisin also known as protein S100-A7A , S100 calcium-binding protein A7-like 1 or S100 calcium-binding protein A15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A7A gene....
(koebnerisin) but distinct in expression, tissue distribution and function.
Clinical significance
This protein is markedly over-expressed in the skin lesions of psoriaticPsoriasis
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that appears on the skin. It occurs when the immune system mistakes the skin cells as a pathogen, and sends out faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis is not contagious. However, psoriasis has been linked to an increased risk of...
patients, but is excluded as a candidate gene for familial psoriasis susceptibility.
Interactions
S100A7 has been shown to interactProtein-protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...
with COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5
COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5
COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5 , also known as COPS5 or Csn5, is a gene conserved from humans to Saccharomyces cerevisiae.-Interactions:...
, FABP5
FABP5
Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FABP5 gene.-Further reading:...
and RANBP9
RANBP9
Ran-binding protein 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RANBP9 gene.-Interactions:RANBP9 has been shown to interact with C-Met, DYRK1B, USP11, DISC1, Androgen receptor, Glucocorticoid receptor, S100A7, HIPK2 and MKLN1.-Further reading:...
.
S100A7 interacts with RAGE
RAGE
RAGE, the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts is a 35kD transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin super family which was first characterized in 1992 by Neeper et al. It is also called "AGER"...
(receptor of advanced glycated end products).