Saint Elias Mountains
Encyclopedia
The Saint Elias Mountains are a subgroup of the Pacific Coast Ranges
, located in southeastern Alaska
in the United States
, southwestern Yukon
and the very far northwestern part of British Columbia
in Canada
. The range spans Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve
in the USA and Kluane National Park and Reserve
in Canada and includes all of Glacier Bay National Park in Alaska
. In Alaska, the range includes parts of the city/borough of Yakutat and the Hoonah-Angoon and Valdez-Cordova
census areas.
are volcanic. This region includes two major stratovolcano
es, Mount Churchill
and Mount Bona
, the latter being the highest volcano in the United States. West of the Saint Elias Mountains is the still-active Fairweather Fault, which is the northward extension of the Queen Charlotte Fault
. The St. Elias range is a result of 10 million years of the North American tectonic plate pushing material up as it overrides the Pacific plate, then the material being worn down by glaciers.
! rowspan="2" | Mountain
! colspan="2" | Height
! rowspan="2" | Location
! rowspan="2" | Notes
|-
! m
! ft
|->Mount Logan
5,959
19,850
Yukon
Highest mountain in Canada
Mount Saint Elias
5,489
18,008
Alaska-Yukon
Second highest in both Canada and the United States
Mount Lucania
5,226
17,147
Yukon
#3 in Canada
King Peak
5,173
16,971
Yukon
#4 in Canada
Mount Steele
5,073
16,644
Yukon
#5 in Canada
Mount Bona
5,005
16,421
Alaska
#5 in the United States
Mount Wood
4,842
15,885
Yukon
Mount Vancouver
4,812
15,787
Yukon
Mount Churchill
4,766
15,638
Alaska
Mount Slaggard
4,742
15,557
Yukon
Mount Macaulay
4,690
15,387
Yukon
Mount Fairweather
4,671
15,325
BC-Alaska
#1 in BC
Mount Hubbard
4,577
15,015
Yukon
Mount Bear
4,520
14,831
Alaska
Mount Walsh
4,507
14,787
Yukon
Mount Alverstone
4,439
14,565
Alaska-Yukon
University Peak
4,410
14,470
Alaska
McArthur Peak
4,389
14,400
Yukon
Mount Augusta
4,289
14,070
Alaska-Yukon
Mount Kennedy
4,250-4300
~14,000
Yukon
Mount Cook
4,196
13,766
Alaska-Yukon
Pacific Coast Ranges
The Pacific Coast Ranges and the Pacific Mountain System are the series of mountain ranges that stretch along the West Coast of North America from Alaska south to Northern and Central Mexico...
, located in southeastern Alaska
Alaska
Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait...
in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, southwestern Yukon
Yukon
Yukon is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three federal territories. It was named after the Yukon River. The word Yukon means "Great River" in Gwich’in....
and the very far northwestern part of British Columbia
British Columbia
British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...
in Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. The range spans Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve
Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve
Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve is a United States National Park in southeastern Alaska. It was established in 1980 by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. The park area is included in an International Biosphere Reserve and is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site...
in the USA and Kluane National Park and Reserve
Kluane National Park and Reserve
Kluane National Park and Reserve are two units of Canada's national park system, located in the extreme southwestern corner of Yukon Territory. Kluane National Park Reserve was established in 1972, covering 22,016 square kilometres....
in Canada and includes all of Glacier Bay National Park in Alaska
Alaska
Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait...
. In Alaska, the range includes parts of the city/borough of Yakutat and the Hoonah-Angoon and Valdez-Cordova
Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska
Valdez-Cordova Census Area is a census area located in the state of Alaska, United States. As of the 2000 census, the population was 10,195. It is part of the unorganized borough and therefore has no borough seat...
census areas.
Geology
Although most of the range is non-volcanic, portions at the western end near the Wrangell MountainsWrangell Mountains
The Wrangell Mountains are a high mountain range of eastern Alaska in the United States. Much of the range is included in Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve. The Wrangell Mountains are almost entirely volcanic in origin, and they include the second and third highest volcanoes in the...
are volcanic. This region includes two major stratovolcano
Stratovolcano
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a tall, conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash. Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile and periodic, explosive eruptions...
es, Mount Churchill
Mount Churchill
Mount Churchill is a volcano in the Saint Elias Mountains and the Wrangell Volcanic Field of eastern Alaska. Churchill and its higher neighbor Mount Bona about to the southwest are both large ice-covered stratovolcanoes, with Churchill being the fourth highest volcano in the United States and the...
and Mount Bona
Mount Bona
Mount Bona is one of the major mountains of the Saint Elias Mountains in eastern Alaska, and is the fifth highest independent peak in the United States. Mount Bona and its adjacent neighbor Mount Churchill are both large ice-covered stratovolcanoes...
, the latter being the highest volcano in the United States. West of the Saint Elias Mountains is the still-active Fairweather Fault, which is the northward extension of the Queen Charlotte Fault
Queen Charlotte Fault
The Queen Charlotte Fault is an active transform fault, located between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate, Canada's equivalent of the San Andreas Fault. The Queen Charlotte Fault forms a triple junction on its south with the Cascadia subduction zone and the Explorer Ridge...
. The St. Elias range is a result of 10 million years of the North American tectonic plate pushing material up as it overrides the Pacific plate, then the material being worn down by glaciers.
Highest mountains
The highest mountains of the range include:! colspan="2" | Height
! rowspan="2" | Location
! rowspan="2" | Notes
|-
! m
! ft
|->
Mount Logan
Mount Logan is the highest mountain in Canada and the second-highest peak in North America, after Mount McKinley . The mountain was named after Sir William Edmond Logan, a Canadian geologist and founder of the Geological Survey of Canada . Mount Logan is located within Kluane National Park and...
Mount Saint Elias
Mount Saint Elias, also designated Boundary Peak 186, is the second highest mountain in both Canada and the United States, being situated on the Yukon and Alaska border. It lies about southwest of Mount Logan, the highest mountain in Canada. The Canadian side is part of Kluane National Park,...
Mount Lucania
Mount Lucania is the third highest mountain located entirely in Canada. A long ridge connects Mt. Lucania with Mount Steele , the fifth highest in Canada. Lucania was named by the Duke of Abruzzi, as he stood on the summit of Mount Saint Elias on July 31, 1897, having just completed the first accent...
King Peak (Yukon)
King Peak is the fourth highest mountain in Canada and the ninth highest peak in North America. Situated just west of Mount Logan , it is considered a satellite peak of that massive mountain.- Climbing history :...
Mount Steele
Mount Steele is the fifth highest mountain in Canada and the eleventh highest peak in North America. A lower southeast peak of Mt. Steele stands at 4,300m ....
Mount Bona
Mount Bona is one of the major mountains of the Saint Elias Mountains in eastern Alaska, and is the fifth highest independent peak in the United States. Mount Bona and its adjacent neighbor Mount Churchill are both large ice-covered stratovolcanoes...
Mount Wood (Yukon)
Mount Wood is the seventh highest mountain in Canada and is located in Kluane National Park and Reserve.-See also:* Highest mountain peaks of Canada* Table of the highest major summits of North America...
Mount Vancouver
Mount Vancouver is the eighth highest mountain in Canada and is located in Kluane National Park and Reserve on the Canada-US border. Mt. Vancouver has three summits: north, middle and south with middle being the lowest. The south summit borders Canada and the United States and is known as Good...
Mount Churchill
Mount Churchill is a volcano in the Saint Elias Mountains and the Wrangell Volcanic Field of eastern Alaska. Churchill and its higher neighbor Mount Bona about to the southwest are both large ice-covered stratovolcanoes, with Churchill being the fourth highest volcano in the United States and the...
Mount Slaggard
Mount Slaggard is the tenth highest peak in Canada and is located in Kluane National Park and Reserve.-See also:* 4000 metre peaks of Canada* 4000 metre peaks of North America* Mountain peaks of Canada* Mountain peaks of North America-References:* *...
Mount Fairweather
Mount Fairweather , is one of the world's highest coastal mountains at 4,671 metres It is located east of the Pacific Ocean on the border of Alaska, United States and western British Columbia, Canada...
Mount Hubbard
Mount Hubbard is one of the major mountains of the Saint Elias Range. It is located on the Alaska/Yukon border; the Canadian side is within Kluane National Park and Reserve, and the American side is part of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park...
Mount Bear
Mount Bear is a high, glaciated peak in the Saint Elias Mountains of Alaska. It lies within Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park, about 4 miles west of the Yukon border. The Barnard Glacier flows from its southwest slopes, while the Klutlan Glacier lies to the north...
Mount Walsh
Mount Walsh is a mountain in Kluane National Park and Reserve in Yukon, Canada.The peak was named after a RCMP superintendent for the Yukon Territory, James Morrow Walsh.-See also:* 4000 metre peaks of Canada* 4000 metre peaks of North America...
Mount Alverstone
Mount Alverstone, or Boundary Peak 180, is a high peak in the Saint Elias Mountains, on the border between Alaska and Yukon. It shares a large massif with the higher Mount Hubbard to the south and the slightly lower Mount Kennedy to the east...
McArthur Peak
McArthur Peak is a peak in the Saint Elias Mountains of Yukon, Canada. The peak, 15th highest in the Yukon, sits 11 km NE of Mount Logan, the highest mountain in Canada. A secondary peak two kilometres to the east is known as McArthur East...
Mount Augusta
Mount Augusta, also designated Boundary Peak 183, is a high peak of the Saint Elias Mountains on the border between the U.S. state of Alaska and the Canadian territory of Yukon....
Mount Kennedy
Mount Kennedy is a peak in the Saint Elias Mountains within Kluane National Park, in Yukon, Canada. Its 4250-m to 4300-m summit lies within 10 km of the Alaska Panhandle. Dusty Glacier lies against it to the north....
Mount Cook (Saint Elias Mountains)
Mount Cook is a high peak on the Yukon Territory-Alaska border, in the Saint Elias Mountains of North America. It is approximately 15 miles southwest of Mount Vancouver and 35 miles east-southeast of Mount Saint Elias. It forms one of the corners of the jagged border, which is defined to run in...