Sandwich (UK Parliament constituency)
Encyclopedia
Sandwich was a parliamentary constituency in Kent
, which elected two Members of Parliament
(MPs) to the House of Commons
from 1366 until 1885, when it was disfranchised for corruption.
a Cinque Port it was technically of different status from a parliamentary borough
, but the difference was in most respects purely a nominal one. (The writ for election was directed to the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
, rather than the sheriff of the county, and its MPs were termed "barons" rather than "burgesses" as in boroughs.). Until 1832, the constituency consisted of the three parishes making up the town of Sandwich
; it had once been a flourishing port but by the 19th century the harbour had silted up and there was only a limited maritime trade.
The right to vote was reserved to the freemen
of the town, whether or not they were resident within the borough. In 1831 this amounted to 955 qualified voters, of whom only 320 lived in Sandwich. The freedom could be obtained by inheritance, by serving an apprenticeship, or by marrying the daughter or widow of a freeman; the corporation apparently did not, as in some boroughs, have the power to create unlimited numbers of honorary freemen so as to swamp the rights of the genuine freemen. At one period in the 17th century, the town corporation attempted to annex the right of voting to itself (as was the case in many other boroughs) on the grounds of "the avoidance of popular tumults common at elections", and in 1621 the Lord Warden ordered with the consent of the Privy Council
that this should be so. However, the inhabitants of the town not only petitioned against the election result, but informed the Lord Warden that they intended to present a bill to Parliament to annul the result of that year's election and to restore their former privileges. In the event the petition against the election result was upheld and the election declared void, and a decision of the Commons in another dispute election, in 1690, confirmed that the right of voting was in the freemen.
For most of its existence, no single interest had a predominant influence in Sandwich so as to reduce it to a pocket borough, but the power of official patronage sometimes exerted some leverage. In Tudor times, the Lord Warden expected to be able to nominate one of the two MPs, but - unlike most of the other Cinque Ports - Sandwich consistently defied him, and made its own choice of both MPs throughout Queen Elizabeth's
reign. In the 18th and 19th centuries, though, the influence of the navy (through the employment it provided) was sufficient that the Admiralty
could be sure of choosing at least one MP at most elections. Nevertheless, Sandwich fell short of being a true "Admiralty borough", and generally elected members who would benefit the town. (They were, however, no less venal than in other boroughs: the committee investigating a disputed election in 1695 was told that the elected member had promised that if after election he were to gain paid office he would give half his salary to the corporation, that he would contribute £20 a year for the poor of the town and a treat to the corporation on the anniversary of his election.)
In 1831, the population of the constituency was 3,084, and the town contained 610 houses. This would not have been sufficient for the borough to retain both its MPs under the Great Reform Act, but the boundaries were extended so as to include the neighbouring towns of Deal
and Walmer
, which quadrupled the population. Even so, and despite the extension of the franchise, the revised constituency had only 916 qualified voters for the 1832 general election
.
At a by-election in 1880, evidence of widespread bribery in Sandwich emerged. Its writ was suspended, and a Royal Commission
appointed to investigate. As a result of its report, Sandwich was abolished as a constituency with effect from 25 June 1885, being incorporated into the Eastern Kent county division.
Notes
Kent
Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
, which elected two Members of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
(MPs) to the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
from 1366 until 1885, when it was disfranchised for corruption.
History
Sandwich like most of the other Cinque Ports, was first enfranchised in the 14th century. Asa Cinque Port it was technically of different status from a parliamentary borough
Parliamentary borough
Parliamentary boroughs are a type of administrative division, usually covering urban areas, that are entitled to representation in a Parliament...
, but the difference was in most respects purely a nominal one. (The writ for election was directed to the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports is a ceremonial official in the United Kingdom. The post dates from at least the 12th century but may be older. The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports was originally in charge of the Cinque Ports, a group of five port towns on the southeast coast of England...
, rather than the sheriff of the county, and its MPs were termed "barons" rather than "burgesses" as in boroughs.). Until 1832, the constituency consisted of the three parishes making up the town of Sandwich
Sandwich, Kent
Sandwich is a historic town and civil parish on the River Stour in the Non-metropolitan district of Dover, within the ceremonial county of Kent, south-east England. It has a population of 6,800....
; it had once been a flourishing port but by the 19th century the harbour had silted up and there was only a limited maritime trade.
The right to vote was reserved to the freemen
Freedom of the City
Freedom of the City is an honour bestowed by some municipalities in Australia, Canada, Ireland, France, Italy, New Zealand, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, Gibraltar and Rhodesia to esteemed members of its community and to organisations to be honoured, often for service to the community;...
of the town, whether or not they were resident within the borough. In 1831 this amounted to 955 qualified voters, of whom only 320 lived in Sandwich. The freedom could be obtained by inheritance, by serving an apprenticeship, or by marrying the daughter or widow of a freeman; the corporation apparently did not, as in some boroughs, have the power to create unlimited numbers of honorary freemen so as to swamp the rights of the genuine freemen. At one period in the 17th century, the town corporation attempted to annex the right of voting to itself (as was the case in many other boroughs) on the grounds of "the avoidance of popular tumults common at elections", and in 1621 the Lord Warden ordered with the consent of the Privy Council
Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the monarch's closest advisors to give confidential advice on...
that this should be so. However, the inhabitants of the town not only petitioned against the election result, but informed the Lord Warden that they intended to present a bill to Parliament to annul the result of that year's election and to restore their former privileges. In the event the petition against the election result was upheld and the election declared void, and a decision of the Commons in another dispute election, in 1690, confirmed that the right of voting was in the freemen.
For most of its existence, no single interest had a predominant influence in Sandwich so as to reduce it to a pocket borough, but the power of official patronage sometimes exerted some leverage. In Tudor times, the Lord Warden expected to be able to nominate one of the two MPs, but - unlike most of the other Cinque Ports - Sandwich consistently defied him, and made its own choice of both MPs throughout Queen Elizabeth's
Elizabeth I of England
Elizabeth I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty...
reign. In the 18th and 19th centuries, though, the influence of the navy (through the employment it provided) was sufficient that the Admiralty
Admiralty
The Admiralty was formerly the authority in the Kingdom of England, and later in the United Kingdom, responsible for the command of the Royal Navy...
could be sure of choosing at least one MP at most elections. Nevertheless, Sandwich fell short of being a true "Admiralty borough", and generally elected members who would benefit the town. (They were, however, no less venal than in other boroughs: the committee investigating a disputed election in 1695 was told that the elected member had promised that if after election he were to gain paid office he would give half his salary to the corporation, that he would contribute £20 a year for the poor of the town and a treat to the corporation on the anniversary of his election.)
In 1831, the population of the constituency was 3,084, and the town contained 610 houses. This would not have been sufficient for the borough to retain both its MPs under the Great Reform Act, but the boundaries were extended so as to include the neighbouring towns of Deal
Deal, Kent
Deal is a town in Kent England. It lies on the English Channel eight miles north-east of Dover and eight miles south of Ramsgate. It is a former fishing, mining and garrison town...
and Walmer
Walmer
Walmer is a town in the district of Dover, Kent in England: located on the coast, the parish of Walmer is six miles north-east of Dover. Largely residential, its coastline and castle attract many visitors...
, which quadrupled the population. Even so, and despite the extension of the franchise, the revised constituency had only 916 qualified voters for the 1832 general election
United Kingdom general election, 1832
-Seats summary:-Parties and leaders at the general election:The Earl Grey had been Prime Minister since 22 November 1830. His was the first predominantly Whig administration since the Ministry of all the Talents in 1806-1807....
.
At a by-election in 1880, evidence of widespread bribery in Sandwich emerged. Its writ was suspended, and a Royal Commission
Royal Commission
In Commonwealth realms and other monarchies a Royal Commission is a major ad-hoc formal public inquiry into a defined issue. They have been held in various countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Saudi Arabia...
appointed to investigate. As a result of its report, Sandwich was abolished as a constituency with effect from 25 June 1885, being incorporated into the Eastern Kent county division.
1366-1640
| Parliament | First member | Second member |
|---|---|---|
| 1386 | John Godard | William Ive |
| 1388 (Feb) | William Jordan | Stephen Reyner |
| 1388 (Sep) | John Berham | Peter Cundy |
| 1390 (Jan) | John Berham | Stephen Reyner |
| 1390 (Nov) | ||
| 1391 | John Edward | William Jordan |
| 1393 | Stephen Reyner | Thomas atte Welle |
| 1394 | ||
| 1395 | John Godard | John atte Nessche |
| 1397 (Jan) | Richard Benge | John Godard |
| 1397 (Sep) | ||
| 1399 | John Godard | Stephen Peyntour |
| 1401 | ||
| 1402 | John Godard | John atte Nessche |
| 1404 (Jan) | ||
| 1404 (Oct) | ||
| 1406 | Henry Loveryk | John Norton |
| 1407 | Richard Mildenale | John Norton |
| 1410 | John Gyllyng | Robert Haddon |
| 1411 | ||
| 1413 (Feb) | ||
| 1413 (May) | John Geldeford | John Gyllyng |
| 1414 (Apr) | ||
| 1414 (Nov) | Simon Halle | Richard Mildenale |
| 1415 | ||
| 1416 (Mar) | ||
| 1416 (Oct) | ||
| 1417 | William Gayler | Richard Mildenale |
| 1419 | Laurence Cundy | Thomas Loveryk |
| 1420 | John Bolle | Laurence Cundy |
| 1421 (May) | Simon Halle | Laurence Cundy |
| 1421 (Dec) | John Bolle | Laurence Cundy |
| 1510 | John Westcliff | John Cock |
| 1512 | John Westcliff | John Hobard |
| 1515 | John Westcliff | John Hobard |
| 1523 | John Somer | Roger Manwood |
| 1529 | Vincent Engeham | John Boys, died and replaced Dec 1553 by Thomas Wingfield |
| 1536 | Thomas Wingfield | Vincent Engeham |
| 1539 | Thomas Patche | Nicholas Peake |
| 1542 | John Lee | Thomas Rolfe |
| 1545 | John Master | Thomas Menys |
| 1547 | Thomas Pinnock | John Seer |
| 1553 (Mar) | Thomas Patche | Thomas Menys |
| 1553 (Oct) | Sir John Perrot | Simon Linch |
| 1554 (Apr) | John Master | Simon Linch |
| 1554 (Nov) | John Tysar | Nicholas Crispe |
| 1555 | Nicholas Peake | Sir John Perrot |
| 1558 | Roger Manwood Roger Manwood Sir Roger Manwood was an English jurist and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.-Career:Sir Roger was the son of Thomas Manwood of Sandwich in Kent. He trained as a barrister at the Inner Temple and attained the highest and most prestigious order of counsel, namely serjeant-at-law... |
Nicholas Crispe |
| 1559 | Roger Manwood Roger Manwood Sir Roger Manwood was an English jurist and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.-Career:Sir Roger was the son of Thomas Manwood of Sandwich in Kent. He trained as a barrister at the Inner Temple and attained the highest and most prestigious order of counsel, namely serjeant-at-law... |
John Tysar |
| 1562/3 | Roger Manwood Roger Manwood Sir Roger Manwood was an English jurist and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.-Career:Sir Roger was the son of Thomas Manwood of Sandwich in Kent. He trained as a barrister at the Inner Temple and attained the highest and most prestigious order of counsel, namely serjeant-at-law... |
Rice Perrot |
| 1571 | Roger Manwood Roger Manwood Sir Roger Manwood was an English jurist and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.-Career:Sir Roger was the son of Thomas Manwood of Sandwich in Kent. He trained as a barrister at the Inner Temple and attained the highest and most prestigious order of counsel, namely serjeant-at-law... |
John Manwood John Manwood John Manwood was a barrister of Lincoln's Inn, gamekeeper of Waltham Forest, and Justice in Eyre of the New Forest under Elizabeth I of England... |
| 1572 | Roger Manwood Roger Manwood Sir Roger Manwood was an English jurist and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.-Career:Sir Roger was the son of Thomas Manwood of Sandwich in Kent. He trained as a barrister at the Inner Temple and attained the highest and most prestigious order of counsel, namely serjeant-at-law... , made a judge replaced Jul 1576 by Edward Peake |
John Boys |
| 1584 | Edward Peake | Edward Wood |
| 1586 | Edward Peake | Edward Wood |
| 1588/9 | Peter Manwood Peter Manwood Sir Peter Manwood was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1589 and 1621.Manwood was the eldest son of Sir Roger Manwood of Hackington and his first wife Dorothy Theobald, daughter of John Theobald of Seal. He was admitted at Inner Temple in November... |
Edward Peake |
| 1593 | Peter Manwood Peter Manwood Sir Peter Manwood was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1589 and 1621.Manwood was the eldest son of Sir Roger Manwood of Hackington and his first wife Dorothy Theobald, daughter of John Theobald of Seal. He was admitted at Inner Temple in November... |
Edward Peake |
| 1597 | Peter Manwood Peter Manwood Sir Peter Manwood was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1589 and 1621.Manwood was the eldest son of Sir Roger Manwood of Hackington and his first wife Dorothy Theobald, daughter of John Theobald of Seal. He was admitted at Inner Temple in November... |
Edward Peake |
| 1601 | Peter Manwood Peter Manwood Sir Peter Manwood was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1589 and 1621.Manwood was the eldest son of Sir Roger Manwood of Hackington and his first wife Dorothy Theobald, daughter of John Theobald of Seal. He was admitted at Inner Temple in November... |
Edward Peake |
| 1604-1611 | Sir George Fane George Fane (of Burston) Sir George Fane was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1640Fane was the second son of Sir Thomas Fane of Badsell in Kent, by his second wife, Mary Neville daughter of Henry Nevill, 6th Baron Bergavenny and his wife, the former Lady Frances... |
John Griffith |
| 1614 | Sir Thomas Smith | Sir Samuel Peyton, 1st Baronet |
| 1621-1622 | Sir Edwin Sandys Edwin Sandys (American colonist) Sir Edwin Sandys was an English politician, a leading figure in the parliaments of James I of England. He was also one of the founders of the proprietary Virginia Company of London, which in 1607 established the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States in the colony of... |
John Burroughes |
| 1624 | Sir Robert Hatton | Francis Drake |
| 1625 | Sir Henry Wotton | Sir Robert Sutton |
| 1626 | Sir John Suckling John Suckling (politician) Sir John Suckling was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1626.Suckling was the son of Robert Suckling mayor and MP of Norwich and his wife Elizabeth Barwick, daughter of William Barwick. He entered Gray's Inn on 22 May 1590. He was elected... sat for Norwich |
|
| 1628 | John Philpot | Peter Peake |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned | |
1640-1832
| Year | First member | First party | Second member | Second party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| November 1640 Long Parliament The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and... |
Sir Thomas Peyton Sir Thomas Peyton, 2nd Baronet Sir Thomas Peyton, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1644 and from 1661 to 1679. He supported the Royalist side in the English Civil War.... |
Royalist | Sir Edward Partridge | Parliamentarian | ||
| February 1644 | Peyton disabled from sitting - seat vacant | |||||
| 1645 | Charles Rich Charles Rich, 4th Earl of Warwick Charles Rich, 4th Earl of Warwick was an English peer and member of the House of Lords. He represented the constituencies of Essex and Sandwich.... |
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| December 1648 | Rich and Partridge excluded in Pride's Purge Pride's Purge Pride’s Purge is an event in December 1648, during the Second English Civil War, when troops under the command of Colonel Thomas Pride forcibly removed from the Long Parliament all those who were not supporters of the Grandees in the New Model Army and the Independents... - both seats vacant |
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| 1653 | Sandwich was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament Barebones Parliament Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector... |
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| 1654 First Protectorate Parliament The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House.... |
Colonel Thomas Kelsey Thomas Kelsey Thomas Kelsey rose from obscurity as a "London tradesman" to become an important figure in the government of Oliver Cromwell.Kelsey enlisted in the New Model Army and fought on the side of Parliament during the English Civil War, displaying a zeal that led him to become a Major-General in 1645. He... |
Sandwich had only one seat in the First First Protectorate Parliament The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House.... and Second Second Protectorate Parliament The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons... Parliaments of the Protectorate |
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| 1656 Second Protectorate Parliament The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons... |
James Thurbarne James Thurbarne James Thurbarne was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1656 and 1679.Thurbarne was the second son of James Thurbarne lawyer of New Romney, Kent and his wife Mary Estcourt, daughter of Giles Estcourt of Salisbury, Wiltshire. He was a lawyer and became... |
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| January 1659 Third Protectorate Parliament The Third Protectorate Parliament sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with Chaloner Chute and Thomas Bampfylde as the Speakers of the House of Commons... |
Richard Meredith Sir Richard Meredith, 2nd Baronet Sir Richard Meredith, 2nd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1656 to 1659.Meredith was the son of Sir William Meredith, 1st Baronet of Leeds Abbey, Kent and his wife Susanna Barker of London... |
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| May 1659 Rump Parliament The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason.... |
Not represented in the restored Rump Rump Parliament The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason.... |
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| April 1660 | James Thurbarne James Thurbarne James Thurbarne was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1656 and 1679.Thurbarne was the second son of James Thurbarne lawyer of New Romney, Kent and his wife Mary Estcourt, daughter of Giles Estcourt of Salisbury, Wiltshire. He was a lawyer and became... |
Henry Oxenden Sir Henry Oxenden, 1st Baronet Sir Henry Oxenden, 1st Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1645 and 1660.Oxenden was the son of Sir James Oxenden and his wife Margart Nevinson, daughter of Thomas Nevinson of Estry, Kent... |
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| 1661 | Edward Montagu Edward Montagu (died 1665) Edward Montagu , was an English politician, courtier and naval officer. He was the MP for Sandwich, Kent.-Life:He was the eldest son of the second Baron Montagu. He was educated at Westminster School, matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, on 5 June 1651, and was admitted at Sidney Sussex College,... |
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| 1665 | John Strode | |||||
| 1679 | John Thurbarne | Sir James Oxenden Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet , of Dene, Kent was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1679 and 1702.... |
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| 1685 | John Strode | Sir Philip Parker Sir Philip Parker, 1st Baronet Sir Philip Parker, 1st Baronet , was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1679 and 1687.Parker was the son of Sir Philip Parker of Erwarton and his wife Dorothy Gawdy, daughter of Sir Robert Gawdy of Claxton, Norfolk.Parker was created a Baronet of Arwarton in the County of... |
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| 1689 | John Thurbarne | Sir James Oxenden Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet , of Dene, Kent was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1679 and 1702.... |
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| 1690 | Edward Brent | |||||
| 1695 | John Taylor | |||||
| April 1698 | John Thurbarne | |||||
| July 1698 | John Michel | |||||
| January 1701 | Henry Furnese | John Taylor | ||||
| April 1701 | John Michel | |||||
| November 1701 | Sir Henry Furnese | Sir James Oxenden Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet , of Dene, Kent was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1679 and 1702.... |
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| 1702 | John Michel | |||||
| 1705 | Josiah Burchett Josiah Burchett Josiah Burchett was Secretary of the Admiralty in England, a position he held for almost fifty years . He was first a clerk to Samuel Pepys, the English civil servant famous for his diary... |
Court Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| April 1713 | John Michel | |||||
| August 1713 | Sir Henry Oxenden Sir Henry Oxenden, 4th Baronet Sir Henry Oxenden, 4th Baronet was an English Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1713 to 1720.... |
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| 1715 | (Sir) Thomas D'Aeth | |||||
| 1720 | Sir George Oxenden Sir George Oxenden, 5th Baronet Sir George Oxenden, 5th Baronet was an English Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1720 to 1754.... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1722 | Josiah Burchett Josiah Burchett Josiah Burchett was Secretary of the Admiralty in England, a position he held for almost fifty years . He was first a clerk to Samuel Pepys, the English civil servant famous for his diary... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1741 | John Pratt | |||||
| 1747 | John Clevland | |||||
| 1754 | Claudius Amyand | |||||
| 1756 | The Viscount Conyngham Henry Conyngham, 1st Earl Conyngham Henry Conyngham, 1st Earl Conyngham PC was a British nobleman and politician.An absentee landlord, he owned extensive properties in counties Meath and Donegal, while spending most of his time abroad... |
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| 1761 | George Hay George Hay (politician) Sir George Hay was a British judge and Member of Parliament . He was Dean of Arches 1764–1778.In 1754, he was returned as one of the two MPs for Stockbridge, but left the House of Commons in 1756 to take up the post of Commissioner of the Admiralty... |
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| 1768 | (Sir) Philip Stephens | |||||
| 1774 | William Hey | |||||
| 1776 | Charles Brett Charles Brett (MP) Charles Brett was a British Member of Parliament.Coming from a naval family, Brett was at first a naval officer, and in 1755 was in charge of Portsmouth dockyard... |
Tory | ||||
| 1780 | Sir Richard Sutton Sir Richard Sutton, 1st Baronet Sir Richard Sutton, 1st Baronet , of Norwood Park in Nottinghamshire was an English Member of Parliament.... |
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| 1784 | Charles Brett Charles Brett (MP) Charles Brett was a British Member of Parliament.Coming from a naval family, Brett was at first a naval officer, and in 1755 was in charge of Portsmouth dockyard... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1790 | Sir Horatio Mann | |||||
| 1806 | Captain Thomas Fremantle | |||||
| 1807 | Admiral Peter Rainier Peter Rainier, junior Peter Rainier, Jr. was a British naval officer. Mount Rainier in Washington, USA, was named after him.-Biography:Rainier was born in England, the grandson of Daniel Regnier, a Huguenot refugee, and the son of Peter Rainier of Sandwich. He enlisted in the Royal Navy in 1756 at the age of 15. He... |
Charles Jenkinson Charles Jenkinson, 3rd Earl of Liverpool Charles Cecil Cope Jenkinson, 3rd Earl of Liverpool GCB, PC , styled The Honourable Charles Jenkinson between 1786 and 1828, was a British politician.-Background:... |
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| 1808 | John Spratt Rainier | |||||
| 1812 | Joseph Marryatt | Sir Joseph Sydney Yorke Joseph Sydney Yorke Sir Joseph Sydney Yorke KCB was an officer of the Royal Navy. He served during the American Revolutionary, the French Revolutionary and the Napoleonic Wars, eventually rising to the rank of Admiral.-Family and early life:... |
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| 1818 | Sir George Warrender Sir George Warrender, 4th Baronet Sir George Warrender of Lochend, 4th Baronet PC, FRS was a Scottish politician. In 1799, he succeeded to his father's baronetcy. Due to his lifestyle, he was nicknamed Sir Gorge Provender.... |
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| 1824 | Henry Bonham Henry Bonham Henry Bonham was an English cricketer who played for Hampshire when their matches were organised by the Hambledon Club.Bonham played one first-class match in 1778 against pre-county club Surrey.-External sources:* at CricketArchive... |
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| 1826 | Joseph Marryatt | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
Sir Edward Campbell Rich Owen Edward Owen (Royal Navy officer) Admiral Sir Edward William Campbell Rich Owen GCB GCH was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet. He was the son of Captain William Owen and elder brother of Vice-Admiral William Fitzwilliam Owen.... |
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| 1829 | Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Fane | |||||
| 1830 | Samuel Grove Price | |||||
| 1831 | Sir Edward Troubridge | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1835 | Samuel Grove Price | Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1837 | Sir James Rivett-Carnac | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1839 | General Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin Rufane Shaw Donkin Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin GCH KCB , was a British army officer of the Napoleonic era and later Member of Parliament.-Family:Rufane Donkin came of a military family and was the eldest child... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1841 | Hugh Hamilton Lindsay | Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1847 | Lord Clarence Paget | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
Charles William Grenfell | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| May 1852 | Lord Charles Clinton | Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| July 1852 | James McGregor | Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1857 | Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen, 1st Baron Brabourne Edward Hugessen Knatchbull-Hugessen, 1st Baron Brabourne PC , was a British Liberal politician. He served as Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department under Lord Russell in 1866 and under William Ewart Gladstone from 1868 to 1871 and was also Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies under... |
Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
Lord Clarence Paget | Whig British Whig Party The Whigs were a party in the Parliament of England, Parliament of Great Britain, and Parliament of the United Kingdom, who contested power with the rival Tories from the 1680s to the 1850s. The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule... |
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| 1859 | Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
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| 1866 | Charles Capper Charles Capper (politician) Charles Capper was a British Conservative Party politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 1866 to 1868.He contested the borough of Sandwich at the 1865 general election, but was unsuccessful. However, he won the seat at a by-election in May 1866 after the resignation of the Liberal MP Lord... |
Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1868 | Henry Brassey Henry Brassey Henry Arthur Brassey DL was a British Member of Parliament.Brassey was the son of the railway contractor Thomas Brassey and his wife Maria . Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey, was his elder brother and Albert Brassey his younger brother... |
Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day... |
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| 1880 | Charles Henry Compton Roberts | Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... |
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| 1880 | Writ suspended and seat left vacant after evidence of bribery was uncovered. |
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| 1885 | Following Royal Commission investigation of corruption, constituency abolished and absorbed into Eastern Kent | |||||
Notes