Satu Mare, Harghita
Encyclopedia
Satu Mare is a commune in Harghita County
, Romania
. It lies in the Székely Land
, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania
, and is not to be confused with the large city of Satu Mare in Satu Mare County
. It is composed of a single village, Satu Mare.
The village was part of the Székely Land
region of the historical Transylvania
province. It belonged to Udvarhelyszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when they fell within the Udvarhely County in the Kingdom of Hungary
. After the Treaty of Trianon
of 1920, they became part of Romania
and fell within Odorhei County
during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award
granted Northern Transylvania
to Hungary and the villages were held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the village formally became part of Romania again in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the village fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureş-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the village has been part of Harghita County. Part of Brădeşti
Commune until 2004, it was split off to form its own commune that year.
Hungarian majority. Check Brădeşti
for demographic details.
engraved and painted wooden gates.
This traditional village, famous for its dove-cotted gates, lies at an altitude of 540-560 m, in the narrow valley of the Fenyéd Stream, along the 13A road, 9 km from Odorheiu Secuiesc
, at the foot of the Cekend Plateau.
Székelykapu or Székely gates:
The greatest number of large, carved, dove-cotted Székely gates of the former (Udvarhelyszék) can be found here. The gates are also known as carved, flowery gates, as the ornamental motives are carved in the columns with different semicircular chisels. Their value as museum pieces is obvious. Because of their rich decoration these gates can be called flowery gates as well. The gates of Udvarhelyszék differ from those of historical-ethnographical districts of Csíkszék, Kászonszék, Gyergyószék and Háromszék
in their rich ornamentation.
Harghita County
Harghita is a county in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea-Ciuc.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 326,222 and a population density of 52/km².*Hungarians- 85%...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. It lies in the Székely Land
Székely Land
The Székely Land or Szekler Land refers to the territories inhabited mainly by the Székely, a Hungarian-speaking ethnic group from eastern Transylvania...
, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
, and is not to be confused with the large city of Satu Mare in Satu Mare County
Satu Mare County
Satu Mare County is a county of Romania. The capital city is Satu Mare. Besides Romanians , Satu Mare features a significant ethnic minority of Hungarians .-Demographics:...
. It is composed of a single village, Satu Mare.
History
Its Hungarian name was first recorded in 1566 as Marefalwa, in 1602 as Máréfalva. Its first Romanian name originated from the Hungarian form as Marefalău. After 1919, Romanian authorities first renamed it Satul Mare, later Satu Mare.The village was part of the Székely Land
Székely Land
The Székely Land or Szekler Land refers to the territories inhabited mainly by the Székely, a Hungarian-speaking ethnic group from eastern Transylvania...
region of the historical Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
province. It belonged to Udvarhelyszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when they fell within the Udvarhely County in the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. After the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
of 1920, they became part of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
and fell within Odorhei County
Odorhei County
Odorhei was a county in the Kingdom of Romania. The county seat was Odorheiu Secuiesc.-Geography:Odorhei County covered 2,977 km2 and was located in central part of Greater Romania, in Transylvania. Currently, the territory that comprised the greater part of Odorhei County is now part of Harghita...
during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award
Second Vienna Award
The Second Vienna Award was the second of two Vienna Awards arbitrated by the Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Rendered on August 30, 1940, it re-assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.-Prelude and historical background :After the World War I, the multi-ethnic...
granted Northern Transylvania
Northern Transylvania
Northern Transylvania is a region of Transylvania, situated within the territory of Romania. The population is largely composed of both ethnic Romanians and Hungarians, and the region has been part of Romania since 1918 . During World War II, as a consequence of the territorial agreement known as...
to Hungary and the villages were held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the village formally became part of Romania again in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the village fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureş-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the village has been part of Harghita County. Part of Brădeşti
Bradesti
Brădeşti may refer to several places in Romania:* Brădeşti, a commune in Dolj County* Brădeşti, a commune in Harghita County* Brădeşti, a village in Lupşa Commune, Alba County* Brădeşti, a village in Râmeţ Commune, Alba County...
Commune until 2004, it was split off to form its own commune that year.
Demographics
The commune as a population of 1,962 and has an absolute SzékelySzékely
The Székelys or Székely , sometimes also referred to as Szeklers , are a subgroup of the Hungarian people living mostly in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, Romania...
Hungarian majority. Check Brădeşti
Bradesti, Harghita
Brădești is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The commune is composed of two villages:- History :...
for demographic details.
Sights of interest
The commune is home to some 95 beautiful Székely gates, the famous SzékelySzékely
The Székelys or Székely , sometimes also referred to as Szeklers , are a subgroup of the Hungarian people living mostly in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, Romania...
engraved and painted wooden gates.
This traditional village, famous for its dove-cotted gates, lies at an altitude of 540-560 m, in the narrow valley of the Fenyéd Stream, along the 13A road, 9 km from Odorheiu Secuiesc
Odorheiu Secuiesc
Odorheiu Secuiesc is the second-largest city in Harghita County, Transylvania, Romania. In its short form, it is also known as Odorhei in Romanian and Udvarhely in Hungarian...
, at the foot of the Cekend Plateau.
Székelykapu or Székely gates:
The greatest number of large, carved, dove-cotted Székely gates of the former (Udvarhelyszék) can be found here. The gates are also known as carved, flowery gates, as the ornamental motives are carved in the columns with different semicircular chisels. Their value as museum pieces is obvious. Because of their rich decoration these gates can be called flowery gates as well. The gates of Udvarhelyszék differ from those of historical-ethnographical districts of Csíkszék, Kászonszék, Gyergyószék and Háromszék
Háromszék
Háromszék is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in central Romania...
in their rich ornamentation.