Short form cricket
Encyclopedia
Short form cricket is a collective term for several modified forms of the sport
of cricket
, with playing times significantly shorter than more traditional forms of the game.
A typical short form cricket match can be completed within two to three hours, compared to 7–8 hours for a one-day cricket
match, or five days for a Test match
.
These short forms of cricket have been developed locally by various authorities, to fill a perceived marketing vacancy for a form of the sport which can be completed in a few hours, rather than a full day. They tend to emphasise the more "exciting" aspects of cricket as seen by more casual observers of the game, which includes aggressive batting and fast run scoring. In this regard they are successful, as shortened forms of cricket attract crowds of spectators who might not otherwise attend a cricket match.
Some people decry these shortened forms of the game. Various reasons include:
Nevertheless, short form cricket has quickly become popular and seems likely to remain a part of cricket for the foreseeable future.
by former New Zealand cricketer and captain Martin Crowe
which was played by New Zealand first-class cricket
teams in an annual competition. It was essentially a very short form of one-day cricket, with each team permitted two innings, but a maximum of only 10 overs for each innings.
Other major changes from the Laws of Cricket include:
in 2003. It is a form of one-day cricket
in which each team bats for a maximum of only 20 overs, contrasting with 50 overs for a standard one-day match. This means a game can be completed in about three hours, making it more palatable for children and families than longer matches. Many games also feature additional activities, such as bouncy castles or bowling speed-guns in order to provide more entertainment. It's also not unusual to have people walking around selling bottles of beer
.
The English first-class counties participate in a Twenty20 Cup competition annually. Many games are played in twilight, again to enhance family spectator appeal. They also feature numerous musical 'stings' for exciting events, such as the dismissal of a batsman, or the hitting of a boundary. Such fours and sixes are made easier to achieve by the shortening of the boundaries.
Major changes from the Laws of Cricket include:
So far, Twenty20 has proved very popular with the public. On July 15, 2004, Middlesex
vs. Surrey
(the first Twenty20 game to be held at Lord's
) attracted a crowd of 26,500, the largest attendance for any county game other than a one-day final since 1953.
On August 5, 2004, New Zealand Women defeated England Women in the first international Twenty20 match, played at Hove
in England.
On January 12, 2005, Australia
's first Twenty20 game was played at the WACA Ground
between the Western Warriors
and the Victorian Bushrangers
. It drew a sellout crowd of 20,700 - the largest seen at the ground for many years.
On February 17, 2005, Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park
in Auckland
.
The United States
professional Pro Cricket
league used a format based on Twenty20, with two other changes:
On September 24, 2007, India captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoni
won the inaugural World Twenty20 by defeating arch rivals Pakistan in the final.
On 21 June 2009, the young Pakistani
side outclassed Sri Lanka
winning the second World Twenty20 comprehensively by 8 wickets.
In May 2010, England beat Australia in the final of the third World Twenty20 competition, hosted in the West Indies.
in 2010 and it's popularity is increasing with time.
In LMS
each team consists of 8 members and will play a maximum of twenty overs. Each over consists of 5 balls. There are lot of other interesting variations to this format from the T20 format making it interesting and adding to its popularity.
LMS is already being played in league format in many countries like South Africa, Australia, New Zealand apart from England.
Other major changes to the Laws of Cricket include:
Sixes cricket came to prominence with a high-profile tournament held in Hong Kong
annually, involving some of the best players from each Test nation, as well as other countries. The entire tournament is run over two days.
Sport
A Sport is all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical fitness and provide entertainment to participants. Sport may be competitive, where a winner or winners can be identified by objective means, and may require a degree...
of cricket
Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
, with playing times significantly shorter than more traditional forms of the game.
A typical short form cricket match can be completed within two to three hours, compared to 7–8 hours for a one-day cricket
One-day cricket
Limited overs cricket, also known as one-day cricket and in a slightly different context as List A cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed in one day, whereas Test and first-class matches can take up to five days to complete...
match, or five days for a Test match
Test cricket
Test cricket is the longest form of the sport of cricket. Test matches are played between national representative teams with "Test status", as determined by the International Cricket Council , with four innings played between two teams of 11 players over a period of up to a maximum five days...
.
These short forms of cricket have been developed locally by various authorities, to fill a perceived marketing vacancy for a form of the sport which can be completed in a few hours, rather than a full day. They tend to emphasise the more "exciting" aspects of cricket as seen by more casual observers of the game, which includes aggressive batting and fast run scoring. In this regard they are successful, as shortened forms of cricket attract crowds of spectators who might not otherwise attend a cricket match.
Some people decry these shortened forms of the game. Various reasons include:
- the perceived lack of emphasis on bowlingBowling (cricket)In the sport of cricket, bowling is the action of propelling the ball toward the wicket defended by a batsman. A player skilled at bowling is called a bowler; a bowler who is also a competent batsman is known as an all-rounder...
skills; - the elimination of long-term strategy and planning throughout a match;
- the perceived reduction in workable tactical options for various situations that may arise in a game;
- the overtly commercial aspects of short form cricket, such as pre-game entertainment, crowd participation, and so on - traditionally absent from longer forms of the game.
- the introduction of concepts such as bowl-out, free hit, power-play etc. that deviate from traditional skill-sets that the game requires
Nevertheless, short form cricket has quickly become popular and seems likely to remain a part of cricket for the foreseeable future.
Cricket Max
Cricket Max is a form of cricket invented in New ZealandNew Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
by former New Zealand cricketer and captain Martin Crowe
Martin Crowe
Martin David Crowe is a former New Zealand cricketer. He was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1985, and was credited as one of the "best young batsmen in the world". Crowe represented New Zealand from the early 1980s until his retirement in 1996 as a right-handed batsman...
which was played by New Zealand first-class cricket
First-class cricket
First-class cricket is a class of cricket that consists of matches of three or more days' scheduled duration, that are between two sides of eleven players and are officially adjudged first-class by virtue of the standard of the competing teams...
teams in an annual competition. It was essentially a very short form of one-day cricket, with each team permitted two innings, but a maximum of only 10 overs for each innings.
Other major changes from the Laws of Cricket include:
- Each side bats two innings of a maximum of 10 overs each.
- Batsmen may not be out from a no ballNo ballIn the sport of cricket a no ball is a penalty against the fielding team, usually as a result of an illegal delivery by the bowler. The delivery of a no ball results in one run to be added to the batting team's score, and an additional ball must be bowled...
as usual, and also the next ball bowled after a no ball. This is intended to encourage aggressive batting on the "free hit" ball. - Wides score 2 extras instead of 1.
- Bowlers may not bowl more than 4 overs per match. These may be distributed between the two innings in any way.
- The field is marked with trapezoidTrapezoidIn Euclidean geometry, a convex quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides is referred to as a trapezoid in American English and as a trapezium in English outside North America. A trapezoid with vertices ABCD is denoted...
al "Max" zones, one at each end of the field, beginning 60 metres from the striker's wicketWicketIn the sport of cricket the word wicket has several distinct meanings:-Definitions of wicket:Most of the time, the wicket is one of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at either end of the pitch...
, where the trapezoid is 40 metres wide, and extending to the boundaryBoundary (cricket)Boundary has two distinct meanings in the sport of cricket:# the edge or boundary of the playing field, and# a manner of scoring runs.-Edge of the field:...
, where the trapezoid is 50 metres wide. Any ball hit into the Max zone doubles the number of runs scored from that ball, whether by running between the wickets, or a boundary four or six. Fielders may not be in the Max zone as the ball is bowled. Only the Max zone in front of the striker is valid for all these rules. - The first version of Cricket Max also included the use of 4 stumps, instead of 3, at each end of the cricket pitchCricket pitchIn the game of cricket, the cricket pitch consists of the central strip of the cricket field between the wickets - 1 chain or 22 yards long and 10 feet wide. The surface is very flat and normally covered with extremely short grass though this grass is soon removed by wear at the ends of the...
. This was designed to help bowlers dismiss batsmen, as a batsman could not be dismissed leg before wicketLeg before wicketIn the sport of cricket, leg before wicket is one of the ways in which a batsman can be dismissed. An umpire will rule a batsman out LBW under a series of circumstances which primarily include the ball striking the batsman's body when it would otherwise have continued on to hit the batsman's...
.
Twenty20 Cricket
Twenty20 cricket was introduced by the England and Wales Cricket BoardEngland and Wales Cricket Board
The England and Wales Cricket Board is the governing body of cricket in England and Wales. It was created on 1 January 1997 combining the roles of the Test and County Cricket Board, the National Cricket Association and the Cricket Council...
in 2003. It is a form of one-day cricket
One-day cricket
Limited overs cricket, also known as one-day cricket and in a slightly different context as List A cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed in one day, whereas Test and first-class matches can take up to five days to complete...
in which each team bats for a maximum of only 20 overs, contrasting with 50 overs for a standard one-day match. This means a game can be completed in about three hours, making it more palatable for children and families than longer matches. Many games also feature additional activities, such as bouncy castles or bowling speed-guns in order to provide more entertainment. It's also not unusual to have people walking around selling bottles of beer
Beer
Beer is the world's most widely consumed andprobably oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. It is produced by the brewing and fermentation of sugars, mainly derived from malted cereal grains, most commonly malted barley and malted wheat...
.
The English first-class counties participate in a Twenty20 Cup competition annually. Many games are played in twilight, again to enhance family spectator appeal. They also feature numerous musical 'stings' for exciting events, such as the dismissal of a batsman, or the hitting of a boundary. Such fours and sixes are made easier to achieve by the shortening of the boundaries.
Major changes from the Laws of Cricket include:
- Should a bowler deliver a no ballNo ballIn the sport of cricket a no ball is a penalty against the fielding team, usually as a result of an illegal delivery by the bowler. The delivery of a no ball results in one run to be added to the batting team's score, and an additional ball must be bowled...
by overstepping the crease, his next delivery is designated a free-hit, from which the batsman can only be dismissed through a run-out, as is the case for the original no ballNo ballIn the sport of cricket a no ball is a penalty against the fielding team, usually as a result of an illegal delivery by the bowler. The delivery of a no ball results in one run to be added to the batting team's score, and an additional ball must be bowled...
. - Bowlers may bowl a maximum of only 4 overs per innings, as is standard for 20-over cricket.
- UmpireUmpire (cricket)In cricket, an umpire is a person who has the authority to make judgements on the cricket field, according to the Laws of Cricket...
s may award 5-run penalties at their discretion if they believe either team is wasting time.
So far, Twenty20 has proved very popular with the public. On July 15, 2004, Middlesex
Middlesex County Cricket Club
Middlesex County Cricket Club is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English and Welsh domestic cricket structure, representing the historic county of Middlesex. It was announced in February 2009 that Middlesex changed their limited overs name from the Middlesex Crusaders, to the...
vs. Surrey
Surrey County Cricket Club
Surrey County Cricket Club is one of the 18 professional county clubs which make up the English and Welsh domestic cricket structure, representing the historic county of Surrey. Its limited overs team is called the Surrey Lions...
(the first Twenty20 game to be held at Lord's
Lord's Cricket Ground
Lord's Cricket Ground is a cricket venue in St John's Wood, London. Named after its founder, Thomas Lord, it is owned by Marylebone Cricket Club and is the home of Middlesex County Cricket Club, the England and Wales Cricket Board , the European Cricket Council and, until August 2005, the...
) attracted a crowd of 26,500, the largest attendance for any county game other than a one-day final since 1953.
On August 5, 2004, New Zealand Women defeated England Women in the first international Twenty20 match, played at Hove
Hove
Hove is a town on the south coast of England, immediately to the west of its larger neighbour Brighton, with which it forms the unitary authority Brighton and Hove. It forms a single conurbation together with Brighton and some smaller towns and villages running along the coast...
in England.
On January 12, 2005, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
's first Twenty20 game was played at the WACA Ground
WACA Ground
The WACA is a sports stadium in Perth, Western Australia. WACA are the initials of its owners and operators, the Western Australian Cricket Association....
between the Western Warriors
Western Warriors
The Western Australia cricket team are an Australian first class cricket team representing the state of Western Australia...
and the Victorian Bushrangers
Victorian Bushrangers
The Victorian cricket team, nicknamed the Bushrangers, is an Australian cricket team based in Melbourne, that represents the state of Victoria. It is administered by Cricket Victoria and draws its players from Melbourne's Premier Cricket competition...
. It drew a sellout crowd of 20,700 - the largest seen at the ground for many years.
On February 17, 2005, Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park
Eden Park
Eden Park is the biggest stadium in Auckland, New Zealand. It is used primarily for rugby union in winter and cricket in summer . The ground also occasionally hostts rugby league matches. To accommodate all three sports, the cricket pitch is removable...
in Auckland
Auckland
The Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world...
.
The United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
professional Pro Cricket
Pro Cricket
Pro Cricket was a professional cricket league in the United States. It was operated by American Pro Cricket LLC , a private company independent of the ICC and the USACA. Kalpesh Patel served as Pro Cricket's chairman and commissioner....
league used a format based on Twenty20, with two other changes:
- Overs are 5 balls long.
- Bowlers are restricted to 5 overs per innings (meaning only 4 bowlers are required). (For more information on bowler restrictions, see one-day cricketOne-day cricketLimited overs cricket, also known as one-day cricket and in a slightly different context as List A cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed in one day, whereas Test and first-class matches can take up to five days to complete...
.)
On September 24, 2007, India captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Mahendra Singh Dhoni is an Indian cricketer and the current captain of the Indian national cricket team. He made his One Day International debut in December 2004 against Bangladesh, and a year later played his first Test, this time against Sri Lanka.Under his captaincy, India won the 2007 ICC...
won the inaugural World Twenty20 by defeating arch rivals Pakistan in the final.
On 21 June 2009, the young Pakistani
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
side outclassed Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
winning the second World Twenty20 comprehensively by 8 wickets.
In May 2010, England beat Australia in the final of the third World Twenty20 competition, hosted in the West Indies.
Last Man Stands Cricket
Last Man Stands is a new variant of Twenty20 cricket format which was invented in England in 2006. It has been endorsed by the ECBEngland and Wales Cricket Board
The England and Wales Cricket Board is the governing body of cricket in England and Wales. It was created on 1 January 1997 combining the roles of the Test and County Cricket Board, the National Cricket Association and the Cricket Council...
in 2010 and it's popularity is increasing with time.
In LMS
Last Man Stands
Last Man Stands is a form of cricket introduced in England for amateur inter-county/club-level competition in 2005. It started out as a friendly triangular tournament involving expats living in London & snowballed to what is today the biggest social T20 league in the world.Last Man Stands is...
each team consists of 8 members and will play a maximum of twenty overs. Each over consists of 5 balls. There are lot of other interesting variations to this format from the T20 format making it interesting and adding to its popularity.
LMS is already being played in league format in many countries like South Africa, Australia, New Zealand apart from England.
Sixes Cricket
Sixes Cricket is a very short form of the sport designed to be played by teams of only six players. Each team receives one innings, with a maximum of only five overs. Naturally, with far fewer fielders, runs are much easier to score, and sixes matches are typically frenetic affairs.Other major changes to the Laws of Cricket include:
- Each player on a side is permitted to bowl a maximum of one over.
- Wides and no balls score 2 extra runs each.
- If five wickets fall, the last batsman bats on. The last batsman to get out remains on the field as a non-batting runner, and the batsmen swap ends whenever the runner ends up on strike.
- A batsman who reaches 31 or more runs must retire "not out". If one of the last pair of batsmen is out, a retired batsman may come in and resume his innings.
Sixes cricket came to prominence with a high-profile tournament held in Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
annually, involving some of the best players from each Test nation, as well as other countries. The entire tournament is run over two days.
See also
- Beach cricketBeach cricketBackyard cricket, street cricket, beach cricket, gully cricket, corridor cricket, deef or garden cricket is an informal ad hoc variant of the game of cricket, played by people of both sexes and all ages in gardens, back yards, on the street, in parks, carparks, beaches or any deef arena not...
- French cricketFrench cricketFrench cricket is an informal game derived from the sport of cricket. There is only one batsman, and their objective is to not be dismissed by the other participants - who are fielders, or a bowler if they have possession of the ball - for as long as possible. The objective of the other...
- Indoor cricketIndoor cricketIndoor cricket is a variant of and shares many basic concepts with cricket. The game is most often played between two teams each consisting of eight players, in matches featuring two innings of sixteen 7-ball overs each...
- Kwik cricketKwik cricketKwik cricket is a high-speed version of cricket aimed mainly at encouraging children to take part in the main sport....
- One-day cricketOne-day cricketLimited overs cricket, also known as one-day cricket and in a slightly different context as List A cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed in one day, whereas Test and first-class matches can take up to five days to complete...
- V-Ball cricketV-Ball cricketV-Ball Cricket is a short game based on cricket. It is played with tennis balls.-Rules of V-Ball:V-Ball is played on a V shaped pitch. stumps are positioned at the point of the V. The V itself is usually marked out using cones...
- Last Man Stands