Sinan Hasani
Encyclopedia
Sinan Hasani was a Yugoslav
novelist, statesman, diplomat and a former President of Presidency Yugoslavia, a revolving form of executive leadership which rendered him the President of Yugoslavia at the time as well. He was of Albanian
descent.
near Vitina
in the region of Kosovo
. He finished primary school and Gazi Isa-bey medrese (high school) in Skopje
. He became a writer and wrote the first Albanian language
novel "The Grape Starts to Ripen" in 1957.
Hasani joined the Yugoslav Partisan resistance movement in 1941, during the war, and the Yugoslav Communist Party in 1942. He found himself in Nazi German captivity in 1944, and spent time in a POW camp near Vienna
until the end of the World War II
. After the war, he attended the Đuro Đaković party school in Belgrade
(1950–52). Later, he became leader of the Socialist Union of the Working People mass organization in Kosovo, and was from 1965 to 1967 manager of the Kosovar publishing house Rilindja. From 1971 to 1974, he was the Yugoslav ambassador to Denmark
. In 1975 he was elected Deputy Speaker of the Yugoslav Federal Assembly
, and remained in that position until he became the leader of the League of Communists of Kosovo
in 1982.
member of the Yugoslavian presidency
in 1984 with his term ending in 1989. He also served as head of the rotating presidency. On Hasani's first day as president, he and his presidency unanimously appointed the anti-reform hardliner Branko Mikulić
as the federal Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
. After Mikulić and his cabinet voluntarily resigned in March 1989, as the first federal ministry in the history of Socialist Yugoslavia, Hasani initially supported the unsuccessful bid of the Milošević
loyalist and Serb hardliner Borisav Jović
, to become the federal PM. It was contrary to the candidacy of the economically liberal reformist Ante Marković
, which was proposed by the republics of Slovenia
and Croatia
, and finally approved by the Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia
, and also by the outgoing presidency, including Hasani himself.
Hasani died in Belgrade on 28 August 2010.
, Hasani was part of the wider Albanian community, yet perceived as being highly controversial because of the continuing oppressive situation of the ethnic Albanians during his leadership. He used his position to feed the interests of the Slavic
majority; he was thus unsympathetic towards the architects who fought for Albanian non-Yugoslavian interests, mostly in Kosovo, much to the anger of the Albanians in Yugoslavia.
Hasani is also remembered for his undiplomatic deals with the leader of Albania, Enver Hoxha
who in turn, through his patriotic speeches, gained a lot of support among the ethnic Albanians in Yugoslavia. Hasani had tagged Enver Hoxha “a scabby goat” (a Serbian
idiom), while Hoxha called Hasani “a Serbian dog” in response to this. These events nevertheless, occurred some time before Hasani became head of presidency since Hoxha died in 1985.
and Macedonian
.
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Yugoslavs
Yugoslavs is a national designation used by a minority of South Slavs across the countries of the former Yugoslavia and in the diaspora...
novelist, statesman, diplomat and a former President of Presidency Yugoslavia, a revolving form of executive leadership which rendered him the President of Yugoslavia at the time as well. He was of Albanian
Albanians
Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...
descent.
Early life and career
Hasani was born in the village of PožaranjePožaranje
Požaranje is a town in the Vitina municipality of southeast Kosovo and Metohija.-Notable people:* Sinan Hasani, politician...
near Vitina
Vitina
Vitina is a town and municipality in the Gnjilane district of south-eastern Kosovo.-Geography:Towns in the Vitina municipality include Pozhoran, Kabash, Binqa, Kllokot, Drobesh, Smirë, etc.-History:...
in the region of Kosovo
Kosovo
Kosovo is a region in southeastern Europe. Part of the Ottoman Empire for more than five centuries, later the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija within Serbia...
. He finished primary school and Gazi Isa-bey medrese (high school) in Skopje
Skopje
Skopje is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia with about a third of the total population. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre...
. He became a writer and wrote the first Albanian language
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
novel "The Grape Starts to Ripen" in 1957.
Hasani joined the Yugoslav Partisan resistance movement in 1941, during the war, and the Yugoslav Communist Party in 1942. He found himself in Nazi German captivity in 1944, and spent time in a POW camp near Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
until the end of the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. After the war, he attended the Đuro Đaković party school in Belgrade
Belgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...
(1950–52). Later, he became leader of the Socialist Union of the Working People mass organization in Kosovo, and was from 1965 to 1967 manager of the Kosovar publishing house Rilindja. From 1971 to 1974, he was the Yugoslav ambassador to Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
. In 1975 he was elected Deputy Speaker of the Yugoslav Federal Assembly
Federal Assembly of the SFRY
The Parliament of Yugoslavia was the deliberative body of Yugoslavia. Before World War II in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia it was known as the National Assembly , while in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia the name was changed to Federal Assembly...
, and remained in that position until he became the leader of the League of Communists of Kosovo
League of Communists of Kosovo
The League of Communists of Kosovo was the Kosovo branch of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, the sole legal party of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1990.-History and background:...
in 1982.
In the presidency
Hasani was elected as the KosovarSocialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo
Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo was one of the two socialist autonomous areas of the Socialist Republic of Serbia incorporated into the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1974 until 1990...
member of the Yugoslavian presidency
Presidency of the SFRY
Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was a collective head of state of the Yugoslav federation. It was established in 1970 according to constitutional amendments and reorganized in 1974 by the new constitution. In the period from 1970 to 1974, the Presidency had 23 members -...
in 1984 with his term ending in 1989. He also served as head of the rotating presidency. On Hasani's first day as president, he and his presidency unanimously appointed the anti-reform hardliner Branko Mikulić
Branko Mikulic
Branko Mikulić was a communist politician and statesman in the Yugoslavia. Mikulić was one of the leading communist politicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the communist rule in the former Yugoslavia.-Biography:...
as the federal Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
The Prime Minister or the President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia was the head of government of the Yugoslav state, from the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 until the end of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.-Kingdom of...
. After Mikulić and his cabinet voluntarily resigned in March 1989, as the first federal ministry in the history of Socialist Yugoslavia, Hasani initially supported the unsuccessful bid of the Milošević
Slobodan Milošević
Slobodan Milošević was President of Serbia and Yugoslavia. He served as the President of Socialist Republic of Serbia and Republic of Serbia from 1989 until 1997 in three terms and as President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000...
loyalist and Serb hardliner Borisav Jović
Borisav Jovic
Borisav Jović is a former Serbian communist politician, who served as the Serbian member of the collective presidency of Yugoslavia during the late 1980s and early 1990s...
, to become the federal PM. It was contrary to the candidacy of the economically liberal reformist Ante Marković
Ante Markovic
Ante Marković was a statesman of the former Yugoslavia. He was the last prime minister of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.- Early life :...
, which was proposed by the republics of Slovenia
Socialist Republic of Slovenia
The Socialist Republic of Slovenia was a socialist state that was a constituent country of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1943 until 1990...
and Croatia
Socialist Republic of Croatia
Socialist Republic of Croatia was a sovereign constituent country of the second Yugoslavia. It came to existence during World War II, becoming a socialist state after the war, and was also renamed four times in its existence . It was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia by territory and...
, and finally approved by the Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia
Federal Assembly of the SFRY
The Parliament of Yugoslavia was the deliberative body of Yugoslavia. Before World War II in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia it was known as the National Assembly , while in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia the name was changed to Federal Assembly...
, and also by the outgoing presidency, including Hasani himself.
Hasani died in Belgrade on 28 August 2010.
Relations with the Albanian community
As a publicly declared ethnic AlbanianAlbanians
Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...
, Hasani was part of the wider Albanian community, yet perceived as being highly controversial because of the continuing oppressive situation of the ethnic Albanians during his leadership. He used his position to feed the interests of the Slavic
South Slavs
The South Slavs are the southern branch of the Slavic peoples and speak South Slavic languages. Geographically, the South Slavs are native to the Balkan peninsula, the southern Pannonian Plain and the eastern Alps...
majority; he was thus unsympathetic towards the architects who fought for Albanian non-Yugoslavian interests, mostly in Kosovo, much to the anger of the Albanians in Yugoslavia.
Hasani is also remembered for his undiplomatic deals with the leader of Albania, Enver Hoxha
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
who in turn, through his patriotic speeches, gained a lot of support among the ethnic Albanians in Yugoslavia. Hasani had tagged Enver Hoxha “a scabby goat” (a Serbian
Serbian language
Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
idiom), while Hoxha called Hasani “a Serbian dog” in response to this. These events nevertheless, occurred some time before Hasani became head of presidency since Hoxha died in 1985.
Works
Hasani also wrote a number of novels in Albanian, which were translated into Serbo-CroatianSerbo-Croatian language
Serbo-Croatian or Serbo-Croat, less commonly Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian , is a South Slavic language with multiple standards and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro...
and Macedonian
Macedonian language
Macedonian is a South Slavic language spoken as a first language by approximately 2–3 million people principally in the region of Macedonia but also in the Macedonian diaspora...
.
Novels
- Një natë e turbullt ("A troubled night", 1966)
- Era dhe Lisi ("The wind and the oak", 1973; filmed in 1979 as a TV-series)
- Fëmijëria e Gjon Vatrës ("The childhood of Gjon Vatra", 1975)
- Për bukën e bardhë ("For white bread", 1977)
Other works
- Kosovo : istine i zablude, ("Kosovo, Truths and Illusions" 1986, in Serbian, concerning Albanian nationalism in Kosovo)
- Në fokus të ngjarjeve : bisedë me Sinan Hasanin / Tahir Z. Berisha ("In the focus of events, a conversation with Sinan Hasani / Tahir Z. Berisha" 2005, Biography, ISBN 9951-408-08-7)
External links
- Profile on the International Movie Database
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