Sironidae
Encyclopedia
The Sironidae are a family of harvestmen with more than 30 described species.
The family shows a Laurasia
n distribution, with most species found in temperate Europe
and the west coast of North America
. The only exception is Suzukielus sauteri from Japan
.
The following genus is no longer included in Sironidae, but also not yet included in any new family:
The family shows a Laurasia
Laurasia
In paleogeography, Laurasia was the northernmost of two supercontinents that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent from approximately...
n distribution, with most species found in temperate Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
and the west coast of North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
. The only exception is Suzukielus sauteri from Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
.
Species
- Cyphophthalmus (mostly Balkan)
- Cyphophtalmus duricorius Joseph, 1868 (AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, CroatiaCroatiaCroatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
, SloveniaSloveniaSlovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...
, Bosnia-Herzegovina, ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
)
-
-
- Cyphophtalmus duricorius bithynicus (Gruber, 1973) (TurkeyTurkeyTurkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
: Bursa) - Cyphophtalmus duricorius bolei (Hadzi, 1973) (MontenegroMontenegroMontenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
) - Cyphophtalmus duricorius corfuanus GreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
: CorfuCorfuCorfu is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and, including its small satellite islands, forms the edge of the northwestern frontier of Greece. The island is part of the Corfu regional unit, and is administered as a single municipality. The...
) - Cyphophtalmus duricorius yalovensis (Gruber, 1973) (Turkey: YalovaYalovaYalova is a city located in northwestern Turkey, on the eastern coast of the Sea of Marmara, and is the capital of the Yalova Province. Yalova has a city population of 92,166, while the population of the Yalova Province is 202,531. as of 2009...
)- Cyphophtalmus eratoae Juberthie, 1968 (Greece)
- Cyphophthalmus ere Karaman, 2007 (SerbiaSerbiaSerbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
) - Cyphophthalmus gjorgjevici (Hadzi, 1933) (Republic of MacedoniaRepublic of MacedoniaMacedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
) - Cyphophthalmus klisurae (Hadzi, 1973) (cave near Klisura, Serbia)
- Cyphophthalmus markoi Karaman, 2007 (Republic of Macedonia)
- Cyphophthalmus minutus Kratochvíl, 1937 (Croatia, cave)
- Cyphophthalmus montenegrinus Hadzi, 1973 (Montenegro)
- Cyphophthalmus noctiphilus Kratochvíl, 1940 (Croatia: cave VranjacaDugopoljeDugopolje is a highly developed municipality in Croatia in the Split-Dalmatia county. It has a population of over 3500, 99.5% which are Croats. Noted in Dugopolje is a vranjaca, or cave. The city of Split, where considerable early history is centred, is located 15 km from Dugopolje...
) - Cyphophthalmus nonveilleri Karaman, 2007 (Serbia, cave)
- Cyphophthalmus ohridanus Hadzi, 1973 (Republic of Macedonia, cave)
- Cyphophthalmus serbicus Hadzi, 1973 (karstic region of east and central Serbia)
- Cyphophthalmus silhavyi Kratochvíl, 1937 (Croatia, cave)
- Cyphophthalmus teyrovskyi Kratochvíl, 1937 (Croatia, cave)
- Cyphophtalmus duricorius bithynicus (Gruber, 1973) (Turkey
-
- Iberosiro (PortugalPortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, cave) - Iberosiro distylos de Bivort, 2004
- Odontosiro Juberthie, 1961 (Portugal, SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
) - Odontosiro lusitanicus Juberthie, 1961
- Paramiopsalis Juberthie, 1962 (Portugal, Spain)
- Paramiopsalis ramulosus Juberthie, 1962
- Parasiro Hansen & Sørensen, 1904
- Parasiro coiffaiti Juberthie, 1956 (Spain, France)
- Parasiro corsicus (SimonEugène SimonEugène Simon was a French arachnologist. His many taxonomic contributions include categorizing and naming many spiders, as well as creating genera such as Anelosimus, Psellocoptus and Phlogius....
, 1872) (Corsica) - Parasiro minor Juberthie, 1958 (ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, Corsica)
- Siro LatreillePierre André LatreillePierre André Latreille was a French zoologist, specialising in arthropods. Having trained as a Roman Catholic priest before the French Revolution, Latreille was imprisoned, and only regained his freedom after recognising a rare species he found in the prison, Necrobia ruficollis...
, 1796 (western Europe, North America) - Siro acaroides (Ewing, 1923) (US west coast: Washington, OregonOregonOregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...
, CaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
) - Siro beschkovi Mitov, 1994 (BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
) - Siro boyerae Giribet & Shear (not yet published) (Washington, Oregon)
- Siro calaveras Giribet & Shear (not yet published) (California)
- Siro carpaticus Rafalski, 1956 (PolandPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
) - Siro crassus Novak & Giribet, 2006 (Slovenia)
- Siro exilis Hoffman, 1963 (US east coast: VirginiaVirginiaThe Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...
, West VirginiaWest VirginiaWest Virginia is a state in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, bordered by Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Ohio to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the northeast and Maryland to the east...
, MarylandMarylandMaryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east...
) - Siro kamiakensis (Newell, 1943) (Washington, IdahoIdahoIdaho is a state in the Rocky Mountain area of the United States. The state's largest city and capital is Boise. Residents are called "Idahoans". Idaho was admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, as the 43rd state....
) - † Siro platypedibus Dunlop & Giribet, 2004 (fossilFossilFossils are the preserved remains or traces of animals , plants, and other organisms from the remote past...
, TertiaryTertiaryThe Tertiary is a deprecated term for a geologic period 65 million to 2.6 million years ago. The Tertiary covered the time span between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary...
amberAmberAmber is fossilized tree resin , which has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times. Amber is used as an ingredient in perfumes, as a healing agent in folk medicine, and as jewelry. There are five classes of amber, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents...
from BitterfeldBitterfeldBitterfeld is a town in the district Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 July 2007 it has been part of the town Bitterfeld-Wolfen. It is situated approx. 25 km south of Dessau, and 30 km northeast of Halle...
, GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
) - Siro rubens Latreille, 1804 (France)
- Siro shasta Giribet & Shear (not yet published) (California)
- Siro sonoma Shear, 1980 (Northern California)
- Siro valleorum Chemini, 1990 (Italy)
- Suzukielus Juberthie, 1970 (JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
) - Suzukielus sauteri (RoewerCarl Friedrich RoewerCarl Friedrich Roewer was a German arachnologist. He concentrated on harvestmen, where he described almost a third of today's known species, but also almost 700 taxa of spiders and numerous Solifugae....
, 1916)
- Tranteeva (Bulgaria)
- Tranteeva paradoxa Kratochvíl, 1958
The following genus is no longer included in Sironidae, but also not yet included in any new family:
- Marwe Shear, 1985 (KenyaKenyaKenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...
) - Marwe coarctata Shear, 1985