Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence
Encyclopedia
Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence is a part of the Slovenian Armed Forces. It is an integral part of the command structure, not an independent branch.

Duties

Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence aim is securing sovereignty of the air space of the Republic of Slovenia (fighter aircrafts for Air Policing are provided by NATO (Italian Air Force
Aeronautica Militare
The Italian Air Force is the air force of the Italian Republic. It has held a prominent role in modern Italian military history...

)) and providing air support to other services in implementation of their tasks in joint operations
Joint warfare
Joint warfare is a military doctrine which places priority on the integration of the various service branches of a state's armed forces into one unified command...

. Its main tasks are:
  • Inspection and control of the air space security
  • Providing help in natural, humanitarian and technological disasters
  • Search and rescue
    Search and rescue
    Search and rescue is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger.The general field of search and rescue includes many specialty sub-fields, mostly based upon terrain considerations...

     operations
  • Taking part in international missions and operations

History of Slovenian air force

Slovenian contact with military aviation began during World War I, when the army and navy air services of Austria-Hungary conscripted large numbers of personnel from throughout the Empire. As the Empire began to collapse during 1918, Slovenian aircrew and ground crew switched their allegiance to the newly independent Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Aircraft found on Slovenian territory where taken over by the Slovenian authorities and formed into a fledgling air arm. The new air arm was soon involved in the conflict with Austria over the border provinces of Carinthia and south Styria. Later in 1919, the Slovenian air units were absorbed into the national Yugoslavia air force.
In 1968 a reserve volunteer force, the Teritorialna Obramba (Territorial Defence of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia), was established to defend local key locations in time of crisis. The Slovenian Territorial Defence HQ had a small auxiliary aviation unit stationed at Ljubljana-Polje airfield by 1969, when Government Factories Type 522 advanced trainers were being operated. These aircraft were borrowed from the Yugoslav Air Force and not owned by Slovenia. Slovenian Territorial Defence ceased to be a part of the Yugoslavian auxiliary forces on 21 June 1991, (four days prior of the proclamation of independence), when the Yugoslav army seized 12 Soko J-20 Kraguj
Soko J-20 Kraguj
|-See also:-References:* Taylor,John W.R. . Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1969-70. London: Sampson Low,1969.-External links:* *...

 aircraft from them.
On 28 June 1991 a Yugoslav Air Force Gazelle defected to Slovenia, providing the first helicopter for the Territorial Defence Force. During the war it also was equipped with three ex-Police Bell 412s and a Agusta A-109. On 9 June 1992 the Air Force Unit of the Slovenian Army was renamed into 15 Brigada Vojaskega Letalstva. The 15 Brigada was divided into two squadrons, one fixed-wing and one helicopter squadron, flying from two bases, Brnik airport and Cerklje ob Krki. The 15 Brigada was under control of the 1 Air Force and Air Defence Force Command located at Kranj. On 2004 Slovenia entered NATO. Now NATO is responsible for protecting Slovenian airspace. On 8 November 2004 the 15 Brigada was officially disbanded. In its place three new units were formed.
The 15 Air Force Brigade was restructured into the 15 Helicopter Battalion, the Air Force School, and the Air Force Base. The 15 Helicopter Battalion is located at the Brnik air base. The unit is equipped with eight Bell 412 helicopters and four AS-532 Cougar helicopters. The units main duties are to organise training courses for pilots and technical staff, to organise search and rescue missions and operate within the System of Civil Protection, Help and Rescue, to secure cargo transportation to mountain areas, to extinguish fires, and to provide air support for SAF units.
The Air Force Military School is located at the Cerklje ob Krki air base. The school conducts the basic and advance training programmes for future air force pilots in two Zlin 143L and eight Zlin 242L planes and four Bell 206 Jet Ranger helicopters, organises practices for air force pilots, provides fire support, and carries out various tasks for other branches of the armed forces by using the two PC-9 and nine PC-9M planes. A part of the Air Force Military School is also the parachute squad, located at the Brnik air base, which organises basic and advanced parachute training for SAF members.
The Air Force Base, located at the Cerklje ob Krki air base, carries out logistic support, such as fuel supply. The unit is equipped with two PC-6 planes and one L-410 plane. The Air Force Base unites the air supply squad and the technical support unit whose main tasks are to plan and conduct the second stage of aircraft maintenance, carry out technical personnel training, update aircraft documentation, etc. Although the airborne part of the SAF only exists for fifteen years, it has adapted itself constantly to the changing world. In this light another restructuring is due in 2007 when the Air Force School and the 15 Helicopter Battalion will be subordinated to a single command making logistics easier, and reduce staff. Following the decision to operate jet aircraft from 2015 again, major restructuring will take place at Cerklje.

Battalions

! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Regiment
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Squadron
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Equipment
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Base
|-----
| 15.HEB/BZTRA
(helicopter battalion / battalion of air transport)

|
|
| Ljubljana Airbase
|-----
|
| 1. and 2.hel unit B 412
3.hel unit AS 532

| Bell 412
Bell 412
The Bell 412 is a utility helicopter manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It is a development of the Bell 212 model, the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor.-Design and development:...


Eurocopter AS 532
| Ljubljana Airbase
|-----
|
| LETRAO
(air transport section)

| Pilatus PC-6
Pilatus PC-6
|-See also:-References:* Lambert, Mark. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–1994. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Data Division, 1993. ISBN 0 7106 1066 1.* Taylor, John W. R. Janes's All The World's Aircraft 1965–66. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1965....


Let L-410 Turbolet
| Ljubljana Airbase
|-----
| LETŠ
(Flight School)

|
|
| Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
-The Beginnings:The earliest existence of the airport in Cerklje ob Krki was in the 1930s, where a grass runway created an auxiliary airfield. The military authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to build an airport in the location due to technical data based on favorable weather and...


|-----
|
| 1,2 and 3 section of armed school military aircraft PC 9

| Pilatus PC-9
Pilatus PC-9
The Pilatus PC-9 is a single-engine, low-wing tandem-seat turboprop training aircraft manufactured by Pilatus Aircraft of Switzerland.-Design and development:...


| Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
-The Beginnings:The earliest existence of the airport in Cerklje ob Krki was in the 1930s, where a grass runway created an auxiliary airfield. The military authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to build an airport in the location due to technical data based on favorable weather and...


|-----
|
| 1,2 and 3 section of school military aircraft and school helicopters

| Zlín Z 142
Zlín Z 242
Bell 206
Bell 206
The Bell 206 is a family of two-bladed, single- or twin-engine helicopters, manufactured by Bell Helicopter at its Mirabel, Quebec plant. Originally developed as the Bell YOH-4 for the United States Army's Light Observation Helicopter program, the 206 failed to be selected...


| Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
-The Beginnings:The earliest existence of the airport in Cerklje ob Krki was in the 1930s, where a grass runway created an auxiliary airfield. The military authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to build an airport in the location due to technical data based on favorable weather and...


|-----
| 9. BZO
(Air Defense Battalion)

|
|
| Kranj
Kranj
' is the third largest municipality and fourth largest city in Slovenia, with a population of 54,500 . It is located approximately 20 km north-west of Ljubljana...


|-----
|
| POVLOGBAT
(Command-Air Defense logistics battery)

|
| Vrhnika
Vrhnika
Vrhnika is a town and a municipality in Slovenia. It is situated on the Ljubljanica River, 21 km from Ljubljana along the A1 motorway.-History:...


|-----
|
| LPRBTZO
(light portable air defense rocket battery)

| SA-7 Grail (Strela-2M)
SA-16 Gimlet (Igla-1)
SA-18 Grouse (Igla)
| Slovenska Bistrica
Slovenska Bistrica
Slovenska Bistrica is a town and a municipality south of Maribor in eastern Slovenia. It is one of the largest municipalities in Slovenia. Traditionally the area was part of the Lower Styria region. The municipality is now included in the Drava statistical region. The town was established in the...


|-----
|
| LSTBTZO
(light air-defense self droven battery)

|BOV-3/M55A4
9K31 Strela-1 (Strela-1M)
Gimlet (Igla-1)
Grouse (Igla)
| Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
-The Beginnings:The earliest existence of the airport in Cerklje ob Krki was in the 1930s, where a grass runway created an auxiliary airfield. The military authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to build an airport in the location due to technical data based on favorable weather and...


|-----
|
| RBTZO
(rocket air defense battery)

|Roland II
|Vrhnika
Vrhnika
Vrhnika is a town and a municipality in Slovenia. It is situated on the Ljubljanica River, 21 km from Ljubljana along the A1 motorway.-History:...


|-----
| 16. BNZP
(Battalion for the control of airspace)

|ASOC (Air Sovereignty Operational Centre)
|AN/TPS 70
EL/M-2106 HEE
| Kranj
Kranj
' is the third largest municipality and fourth largest city in Slovenia, with a population of 54,500 . It is located approximately 20 km north-west of Ljubljana...


|-----
|
| CNKZP
(Center for Control of airspace)
| - ASOC (Air Sovereignty Operational Centre)
- Frequentis Comm Sys
|Kranj
Kranj
' is the third largest municipality and fourth largest city in Slovenia, with a population of 54,500 . It is located approximately 20 km north-west of Ljubljana...


|-----
|
| Ljubljana top at Vrhnika
Vrhnika
Vrhnika is a town and a municipality in Slovenia. It is situated on the Ljubljanica River, 21 km from Ljubljana along the A1 motorway.-History:...


Kogel glaciers at Pohorje
Pohorje
Pohorje is a mountain range in northern Slovenia, near the towns of Dravograd and Maribor. Made of metamorphic rock, it is geologically part of the Central Eastern Alps, though due to its location south of the Drava River it is commonly regarded as a Southern Limestone Alps range.-Peaks:The most...


| 2x AN/TPS 70
|Vrhnika
Vrhnika
Vrhnika is a town and a municipality in Slovenia. It is situated on the Ljubljanica River, 21 km from Ljubljana along the A1 motorway.-History:...


Pohorje
Pohorje
Pohorje is a mountain range in northern Slovenia, near the towns of Dravograd and Maribor. Made of metamorphic rock, it is geologically part of the Central Eastern Alps, though due to its location south of the Drava River it is commonly regarded as a Southern Limestone Alps range.-Peaks:The most...


|-----
| 107. LEBA
(air base)

|
|
| Ljubljana Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
-The Beginnings:The earliest existence of the airport in Cerklje ob Krki was in the 1930s, where a grass runway created an auxiliary airfield. The military authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to build an airport in the location due to technical data based on favorable weather and...



Anti-aircraft weapons

  • 9x Roland II SAM
    Surface-to-air missile
    A surface-to-air missile or ground-to-air missile is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles...

  • Igla
    SA-18 Grouse
    The 9K38 Igla is a Russian/Soviet man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile . "9K38" is the Russian GRAU designation of the system...

     MANPADS
    Man-portable air-defence system
    Man-portable air-defense systems are shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles . They are typically guided weapons and are a threat to low-flying aircraft, especially helicopters.-Overview:...


Radars


Air Force equipment

! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Aircraft
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Photo
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Trainer Aircraft
Trainer (aircraft)
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate in-flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristics and a simplified cockpit arrangement—allows...


|-----
| Pilatus PC-9M Hudournik
Pilatus PC-9
The Pilatus PC-9 is a single-engine, low-wing tandem-seat turboprop training aircraft manufactured by Pilatus Aircraft of Switzerland.-Design and development:...

  || || || turboprop trainer/ground attack || PC-9M || 11
|-----
| Zlin Z 242  |||| || basic trainer || Z 242 L || 8
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Transport and Utility Helicopters
|-----
| Bell 206
Bell 206
The Bell 206 is a family of two-bladed, single- or twin-engine helicopters, manufactured by Bell Helicopter at its Mirabel, Quebec plant. Originally developed as the Bell YOH-4 for the United States Army's Light Observation Helicopter program, the 206 failed to be selected...

 || ||
|| utility helicopter || 206B-3 JetRanger III || 4
|-----
| Bell 412
Bell 412
The Bell 412 is a utility helicopter manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It is a development of the Bell 212 model, the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor.-Design and development:...

  || ||
|| utility helicopter || || 8
|-----
| Eurocopter AS 532AL Cougar
Eurocopter Cougar
-See also:-External links:* *...

  || || || utility helicopter || AS 532 UL/AL || 4
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Transport
Airlift
Airlift is the act of transporting people or cargo from point to point using aircraft.Airlift may also refer to:*Airlift , a suction device for moving sand and silt underwater-See also:...

 and Liaison Aircraft
Liaison aircraft
A liaison aircraft is a small, usually unarmed aircraft primarily used by military forces for artillery observation or transporting commanders and messages. The concept developed before World War II and included also battlefield reconnaissance, air ambulance, column control, light cargo delivery...


|-----
| Pilatus PC-6 Porter |||| || transport || || 2
|-----
| Let L-410 Turbolet  || || || transport || || 1
|-----

Former Aircraft

! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Aircraft
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Photo
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service http://www.yuairwar.com/ostale_R.asp
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Trainer Aircraft
Trainer (aircraft)
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate in-flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristics and a simplified cockpit arrangement—allows...


|-----
| UTVA-75 || || || basic trainer || || 14 || Left by YPA, retired-sold and given to the Civil aeroclubs ( one crashed in 1993, one in 2009 )
|-----
| Utva 66
Utva 66
-External links:**...

 || || || trainer || || 1 || Left by YPA, retired-sold
|-----
| Soko 522
Soko 522
-References:* Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1961–62. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1961.*Illustrated history of aviation ’’Modern Ikars“, IRO Vuk Karadzic&Sluzbeni list SFRJ, Belgrade, 1989. ISBN 86-307-0088-2...

 || || || trainer/attack fighter || || 1 || retired
|-----
| Zlin Z-526
Zlin Z-526
- External links :**-See also:...

 || || || trainer || || 1 || Left by YPA, retired-sold
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Transport and Utility Helicopters
|-----
| SOKO SA 341 Gazelle
Aérospatiale Gazelle
The Aérospatiale Gazelle is a five-seat light helicopter, powered by a single turbine engine. It was designed and manufactured in France by Sud Aviation . It was also manufactured under licence by Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom , by SOKO in Yugoslavia and ABHCO in Egypt...

 || || || transport || || 1 || defected from YPA, retired
|-----
| Agusta AW109 |||| || fast VIP transport || A109A Mk II || 1 || Retired in 1996 and sold ||
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Fighter Aircraft
Fighter aircraft
A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other aircraft, as opposed to a bomber, which is designed primarily to attack ground targets...


|-----
| North American F-86D
F-86 Sabre
The North American F-86 Sabre was a transonic jet fighter aircraft. Produced by North American Aviation, the Sabre is best known as America's first swept wing fighter which could counter the similarly-winged Soviet MiG-15 in high speed dogfights over the skies of the Korean War...

 || || || attack fighter || F-86D || 2 || Left by YPA, now retired
|-----
| Republic F-84G
F-84 Thunderjet
The Republic F-84 Thunderjet was an American turbojet fighter-bomber aircraft. Originating as a 1944 United States Army Air Forces proposal for a "day fighter", the F-84 flew in 1946...

 || || || attack fighter || F-84G || 1 || retired

Acquisition of new Aircraft

! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|Aircraft
! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|Photo
! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|Origin
! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|Type http://sierra5.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=493
! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|  Variants  
! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|Number
! style="text-align: left; background: lightsteelblue;"|Notes http://www.finance.si/205279/MORS:-Transportnega-letala-%B9e-ne-bomo-kupili http://www.delo.si/clanek/o268004#
|-
|-----
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Transport
Airlift
Airlift is the act of transporting people or cargo from point to point using aircraft.Airlift may also refer to:*Airlift , a suction device for moving sand and silt underwater-See also:...

 and Liaison Aircraft
Liaison aircraft
A liaison aircraft is a small, usually unarmed aircraft primarily used by military forces for artillery observation or transporting commanders and messages. The concept developed before World War II and included also battlefield reconnaissance, air ambulance, column control, light cargo delivery...


|-----
| EADS CASA C-295
EADS CASA C-295
The EADS CASA C-295 is a twin-turboprop tactical military transport aircraft manufactured by Airbus Military in Spain.-Design and development:...


|
|
| Casa C-295
|
| 2
|
|-----
The Slovenian Ministry of Defense tested the EADS CASA C-295
EADS CASA C-295
The EADS CASA C-295 is a twin-turboprop tactical military transport aircraft manufactured by Airbus Military in Spain.-Design and development:...

 and the C-27J Spartan in Cerklje AFB in 2007.
Two Casa C-295's were chosen with the first one to be delivered in 2008 and the second in 2010. The first aircraft was ordered in January 2008, but in February the aircraft order was frozen, because of the Mirosławiec air accident in Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

. Slovenia now plans to continue the acquisition of a new transport Aircraft in 2012.

Former equipment

  • 12x BOV 3
  • 12x ZSU-57-2
    ZSU-57-2
    The ZSU-57-2 is a Soviet self-propelled anti-aircraft gun , armed with two 57 mm autocannons. 'ZSU' stands for Zenitnaya Samokhodnaya Ustanovka , meaning "anti-aircraft self-propelled mount", '57' stands for the bore of the armament in millimetres and '2' stands for the number of gun barrels....

  • Strela 2M
    Strela 2
    The 9K32 “Strela-2” is a man-portable, shoulder-fired, low-altitude surface-to-air missile system with a high explosive warhead and passive infrared homing guidance...

     MANPADS
    Man-portable air-defence system
    Man-portable air-defense systems are shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles . They are typically guided weapons and are a threat to low-flying aircraft, especially helicopters.-Overview:...

  • 6x Strela 1M
  • 12x M53/59 Praga
    M53/59 Praga
    The M53/59 Praga is a Czechoslovak self-propelled anti-aircraft gun developed in the late 1950s. It consists of a heavily modified Praga V3S 6 wheel drive truck chassis, armed with a twin 30 mm AA autocannon mounted on the rear for which the vehicle typically carries 900 rounds of ammunition, each...


Incidents and Accidents

In 1993 a UTVA-75 crashed in Slovenj Gradec. The plane was repaired.
In 1994 a Let L-410 Turbolet hit HT wires on landing in Brnik. It was later repaired.
In 2004 a Pilatus PC-9
Pilatus PC-9
The Pilatus PC-9 is a single-engine, low-wing tandem-seat turboprop training aircraft manufactured by Pilatus Aircraft of Switzerland.-Design and development:...

 crashed in Lenart, resulting in the death of maj. Drago Svetina.
In 2008 a pilot candidate ejected from a Pilatus PC-9
Pilatus PC-9
The Pilatus PC-9 is a single-engine, low-wing tandem-seat turboprop training aircraft manufactured by Pilatus Aircraft of Switzerland.-Design and development:...

, the plane was not damaged and returned safely at Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
Cerklje ob Krki Airbase
-The Beginnings:The earliest existence of the airport in Cerklje ob Krki was in the 1930s, where a grass runway created an auxiliary airfield. The military authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia decided to build an airport in the location due to technical data based on favorable weather and...

.

Conflicts

During the Slovenian War of Independence in 1991 the Slovenian Air Defence was very active and damaged or shot down six Helicopters of Yugoslav People's Army
Yugoslav People's Army
The Yugoslav People's Army , also referred to as the Yugoslav National Army , was the military of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.-Origins:The origins of the JNA can...

 .
  • 1x SOKO SA 341 Gazelle
    Aérospatiale Gazelle
    The Aérospatiale Gazelle is a five-seat light helicopter, powered by a single turbine engine. It was designed and manufactured in France by Sud Aviation . It was also manufactured under licence by Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom , by SOKO in Yugoslavia and ABHCO in Egypt...

    over Ljubljana ( pilot dead ).Helicopter carried a bread to the surrounded Federal barracs.
  • 2x Mil Mi-8
    Mil Mi-8
    The Mil Mi-8 is a medium twin-turbine transport helicopter that can also act as a gunship. The Mi-8 is the world's most-produced helicopter, and is used by over 50 countries. Russia is the largest operator of the Mi-8/Mi-17 helicopter....

     one developed mechanical problems near Radenci
    Radenci
    Radenci is a town and a municipality on the right bank of the Mura River in the Mura statistical region of northeastern Slovenia. It is a well-known spa town and was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1436. After 1833, when a new source of mineral water was discovered, it developed...

    , it was forced to land, captured, and later returned to YPA. The other was shot down in Ljubljana Ig ( all crew dead ).
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