Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Encyclopedia
Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian
: Socijalistička Republika Bosna i Hercegovina, Социјалистичка Pепублика Босна и Херцеговина), known until 1963 under the name of People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, was a socialist state
that was a constituent country
of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
. It is a predecessor of the modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina
, and was formed during a meeting of the antifascist resistance in Mrkonjić Grad
on November 25, 1943. The Socialist Republic was dissolved in 1990 when it abandoned communist institutions and adopted market ones, as the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
which declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1992. The Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina was up to December 20, 1990 in the hands of the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The capital city was Sarajevo
, which remained the capital following independence.
". It established a multi-party system and began moving towards a fully capitalist economic system. The republic retained communist symbolism as it awaited new symbols which came after separation. The republic became governed by a separation-leaning government led by Bosniak President Alija Izetbegović
, however separatist Serb factions demanded secession from Bosnia and Herzegovina, leaving the constituent republic in a fractious political environment. In 1992, the Republic declared its separation from Yugoslavia. Civil war erupted immediately afterward as Bosnian Serb territories fought for separation from Bosnia.
Serbo-Croatian
Serbo-Croatian or Serbo-Croat, less commonly Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian , is a South Slavic language with multiple standards and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro...
: Socijalistička Republika Bosna i Hercegovina, Социјалистичка Pепублика Босна и Херцеговина), known until 1963 under the name of People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, was a socialist state
Socialist state
A socialist state generally refers to any state constitutionally dedicated to the construction of a socialist society. It is closely related to the political strategy of "state socialism", a set of ideologies and policies that believe a socialist economy can be established through government...
that was a constituent country
Constituent country
Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity. The term constituent country does not have any defined legal meaning, and is used simply to refer to a country which is a part Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts...
of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...
. It is a predecessor of the modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
, and was formed during a meeting of the antifascist resistance in Mrkonjić Grad
Mrkonjic Grad
Mrkonjić Grad is a town and municipality in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Republika Srpska entity. It is located in the Bosanska Krajina, between Banja Luka and Jajce.-Name:...
on November 25, 1943. The Socialist Republic was dissolved in 1990 when it abandoned communist institutions and adopted market ones, as the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was the direct main predecessor to the modern-day state of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
which declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1992. The Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina was up to December 20, 1990 in the hands of the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The capital city was Sarajevo
Sarajevo
Sarajevo |Bosnia]], surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans....
, which remained the capital following independence.
Towards separation
The Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was renamed into the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina on April 8, 1992, losing the adjective "SocialistSocialism
Socialism is an economic system characterized by social ownership of the means of production and cooperative management of the economy; or a political philosophy advocating such a system. "Social ownership" may refer to any one of, or a combination of, the following: cooperative enterprises,...
". It established a multi-party system and began moving towards a fully capitalist economic system. The republic retained communist symbolism as it awaited new symbols which came after separation. The republic became governed by a separation-leaning government led by Bosniak President Alija Izetbegović
Alija Izetbegovic
Alija Izetbegović was a Bosniak activist, lawyer, author, philosopher and politician, who, in 1990, became the first president of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He served in this role until 1996, when he became a member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, serving until 2000...
, however separatist Serb factions demanded secession from Bosnia and Herzegovina, leaving the constituent republic in a fractious political environment. In 1992, the Republic declared its separation from Yugoslavia. Civil war erupted immediately afterward as Bosnian Serb territories fought for separation from Bosnia.
Presidents
- Chairman of the Anti-Fascist Council of People's Liberation of Bosnia and HerzegovinaZAVNOBiHThe National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed as the highest governing organ of the anti-fascist movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina and during World War II developed to be bearer of Bosnian statehood...
- Vojislav Kecmanović (25 November 1943 - 26 April 1945)
- Presidents of the Presidium of the People's Assembly
- Vojislav Kecmanović (26 April 1945 - November 1946)
- Đuro PucarĐuro PucarĐurađ "Đuro" Pucar "Stari" was a Yugoslav and Bosnian Serb politician. During World War II he was a member of the Yugoslav Partisans and was later decorated with the Order of the People's Hero and twice with the Order of the Hero of Socialist Labour...
(November 1946 - September 1948) - Vlado Šegrt (September 1948 - March 1953)
- Presidents of the People's Assembly
- Đuro Pucar (December 1953 - June 1963)
- Ratomir Dugonjić (June 1963 - 1967)
- Džemal BijedićDžemal BijedicDžemal Bijedić was a Bosniak Communist politician from Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the prime minister of Yugoslavia from 1971 until his death.- Early life :...
(1967 - 1971) - Hamdija PozderacHamdija PozderacHamdija Pozderac was a Bosniak communist politician and the president of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1971- 74. He was a vice president of the former Yugoslavia in late 1980s, and was in line to become the president of Yugoslavia just before he was forced to resign from politics in 1987...
(1971 - May 1974)
- Presidents of the Presidency
- Ratomir Dugonjić (May 1974 - April 1978)
- Raif DizdarevićRaif DizdarevicRaif Dizdarević is a former Bosniak politician. Dizdarević was born in Fojnica, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. During World War II he participated in the armed resistance in the Partisans....
(April 1978 - April 1982) - Branko MikulićBranko MikulicBranko Mikulić was a communist politician and statesman in the Yugoslavia. Mikulić was one of the leading communist politicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the communist rule in the former Yugoslavia.-Biography:...
(April 1982 - 26 April 1984) - Milanko RenovicaMilanko RenovicaMilanko Renovica was a Yugoslav politician. He was the president of the Yugoslav League of Communists and served as president of Bosnia-Herzegovina. He is an ethnic Serb.-References:...
(26 April 1984 - 26 April 1985) - Munir Mesihović (26 April 1985 - April 1987)
- Mato Andrić (April 1987 - April 1988)
- Nikola Filipović (April 1988 - April 1989)
- Obrad PiljakObrad PiljakObrad Piljak is a Bosnian politician and former Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, from April 1989 to December 1990. He was the last nominated member of the Communist party of Bosnia and Herzegovina to serve as Presidency chairman, before the first multi-party elections were...
(April 1989 - 20 December 1990) - Alija IzetbegovićAlija IzetbegovicAlija Izetbegović was a Bosniak activist, lawyer, author, philosopher and politician, who, in 1990, became the first president of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He served in this role until 1996, when he became a member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, serving until 2000...
(20 December 1990 - 8 April 1992)
Prime Ministers
- Prime Minister for Bosnia and Herzegovina (part of Yugoslav Government)
- Rodoljub ČolakovićRodoljub ColakovicRodoljub Čolaković was a Bosnian Serb and Yugoslav politician.A native of Bijeljina, Rodoljub Čolaković joined Socialist Party of Bosnia-Herzegovina in March 1919 as a student. Later he joined Crvena pravda, left-wing terrorist organisation in assassination of Yugoslav interior minister Milorad...
(7 March 1945 - 27 April 1945)
- Rodoljub Čolaković
- Prime Ministers
- Rodoljub Čolaković (27 April 1945 - September 1948)
- Đuro Pucar (September 1948 - March 1953)
- Chairmen of the Executive Council
- Đuro Pucar (March 1953 - December 1953)
- Avdo HumoAvdo HumoAvdo Humo was a Yugoslav and Bosnian communist politician, writer and a Order of the People's Hero recipient....
(December 1953 - 1956) - Osman KarabegovićOsman KarabegovićOsman Karabegović was a Yugoslav and Bosnian communist politician and a Order of the People's Hero recipient...
(1956 - 1963) - Hasan BrkićHasan BrkićHasan Brkić was a Yugoslav and Bosnian communist politician. He was also recipient of People's Hero of Yugoslavia. From 1963 to 1965, he was President of the Executive Council of Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina....
(1963 - 1965) - Rudi KolakRudi KolakRudi Kolak was a Yugoslav and Bosnian communist politician.-Biography:Kolak was born in Gornji Ribnik near Ključ in Bosnia. He studied at University of Belgrade'd Law School until 1940. Kolak joined Communist Party of Yugoslavia in 1941 thus becoming Yugoslav Partisan...
(1965 - 1967) - Branko Mikulić (1967 - 1969)
- Dragutin Kosovac (1969 - April 1974)
- Milanko Renovica (April 1974 - 28 April 1982)
- Seid Maglajlija (28 April 1982 - 28 April 1984)
- Gojko Ubiparip (28 April 1984 - April 1986)
- Josip Lovrenović (April 1986 - April 1988)
- Marko Ceranić (April 1988 - 20 December 1990)
- Jure Pelivan (20 December 1990 - 8 April 1992)