Sološnica
Encyclopedia
Sološnica; is a village
and municipality
in western Slovakia
in Malacky District
in the Bratislava region
.
Sološnica lies at the foot of the northwestern side of the Malé Karpaty (Little Carpathians
)Mountains at an altitude of 291 m above sea level. Southeast of the village is the majestic peak, Vápenná (Roštún National Nature Reserve), rising 748 m sharply up from the lowlands.
Beautiful surroundings draw tourists, who admire the cliffs Little and Great Vápennej as well as the Roštún State Reservation, located in the cadastral area of Sološnica and Plavecké Podhradie
. Within this range are the Great Vápennej and Čertova Valley. It was proclaimed in 1953 to encompass 109 ha. A new decree in 1988 amended the boundaries. Today it covers 333.31 ha. It was established to protect the karst
phenomena, preserve the forests of the Little Carpathians, and protect endangered species.
) also corresponds with the similar translation of the parts of this compound word referring to its name (breit means broad and brunn means well or spring). The Hungarian form of the name had the most important impact on forming the Slovak version. The word soľ referring to the salt connected to the suffix -nica created the complete Slovak version of the name for the village. There is even a particular area within the village called Slanisko, the word stem of which word is obviously "salt or salty".
Sološnica belonged to the earls from Svätý Jur
and Pezinok
, earldom of Serédy inhabiting Plavecký Castle, earldom of Balass and later on to the earldom of Plavec (there were several families and their generations that were changed throughout the years as its owners). From the 17th century on, Plavecký Castle and the neraby villages had been registered in the ownership of the Pálfys.
According to the charter named "Colonia sub montem Rachsturm" from 1478, there was a settlement called "Hólint" located under the hill called "Rošturm" within the area of Sološnica. This settlement was occupied by forest workers of German origin called "holchokari. There were about 20 houses made of wood. The settlement went through a little bit of decadence and decline after 1781 when the Patent of Toleration
was declared. This document did not allow establishment of an evangelic
chapel that would be used for praying and worship in places where there were not at least a hundred evangelic families. Therefore, the majority of the population of this settlement moved either to Sološnica or to Pezinok. There are many of their descendants living in Sološnica even today.
In 1828 there were 205 houses and the population of Sološnica was 1484. These people were primarily engaged in agriculture, weaving, furriery, and calcinations
which continued until 1950. The production and manufacture of wooden tools was also very popular among people back then and thus has continued into the present.
Lots of inhabitants of Sološnica had a very hard time and suffered a lot during the Austro-Prussian War
in 1866. The Prussian troops were marching from Moravia
towards Trnava
and there were numerous fights going on. A great number of the dead were not buried which resulted in cholera
being spread gradually all around Záhorie
. About 149 people died in Sološnica as a result of being infected with cholera from August 29 to November 14, 1866.
In the spring of 1909, there was a severe landslide in the land area called "Na Jamách" and "Nížiny". Another landslide also occurred in 1936.
brought along plenty of hardship, suffering, and famine, as well as poverty for the local people. Around 180 men were gradually drafted from Sološnica and they fought on the Serbian front
. Some of them were reported missing and 43 men died while fighting on the front. In order to commemorate this significant event, a memorial was built in 1931 by the village with the help of the money collected among its inhabitants.
Dates back to the 14th century when it is considered to have originated. The new church was built on the foundations of the old one in 1699. It was dedicated to the All Saints. It was built in the baroque
style. The church has been reconstructed and undergone various changes until now. The painting comes from the years between 1880-1890.
In 1720 there was a mill in the village, in 18th century there was a papermill widely used, in 19th century a distillery was built and the manorial grange was established.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
and municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
in western Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
in Malacky District
Malacky District
The Malacky District is a district inthe Bratislava Region of western Slovakia. Until 1918, the district was part of the Hungarian county of Pressburg.-Municipalities:*Borinka*Gajary*Jablonové*Jakubov*Kostolište*Kuchyňa*Láb...
in the Bratislava region
Bratislava Region
The Bratislava Region is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia. Its capital is Bratislava. It is the smallest of the eight regions of Slovakia.-Geography:...
.
Profile
Little Carpathians
The Little Carpathians are a low, about 100 km long, mountain range, part of the Carpathian Mountains. The mountains are situated in Western Slovakia, covering the area from Bratislava to Nové Mesto nad Váhom, a very small part called Hundsheimer Berge is situated south of Devín Gate in...
)Mountains at an altitude of 291 m above sea level. Southeast of the village is the majestic peak, Vápenná (Roštún National Nature Reserve), rising 748 m sharply up from the lowlands.
Beautiful surroundings draw tourists, who admire the cliffs Little and Great Vápennej as well as the Roštún State Reservation, located in the cadastral area of Sološnica and Plavecké Podhradie
Plavecké Podhradie
Plavecké Podhradie is a village and municipality in western Slovakia in the Malacky District in the Bratislava region.-Geography:The village lies at an altitude of 256 metres and covers an area of 21.188km². It has a population of 696 people....
. Within this range are the Great Vápennej and Čertova Valley. It was proclaimed in 1953 to encompass 109 ha. A new decree in 1988 amended the boundaries. Today it covers 333.31 ha. It was established to protect the karst
KARST
Kilometer-square Area Radio Synthesis Telescope is a Chinese telescope project to which FAST is a forerunner. KARST is a set of large spherical reflectors on karst landforms, which are bowlshaped limestone sinkholes named after the Kras region in Slovenia and Northern Italy. It will consist of...
phenomena, preserve the forests of the Little Carpathians, and protect endangered species.
History
The first time Sološnica was mentioned was in 1367. The beginning of its existence is closely connected with an internal colonization at the beginning of 14th century. Sološnica had several different names throughout the centuries, some of which are Zeleskut, Pratunprun (1367), Zyleskut (1371), Solossnicza(1773) or Széleskút from the Hungarian language, where széles stands for broad and kút means well (presumably a watering place for grazing cattle). The German name Breitenbrunn (not to be confused with Breitenbrunn, AustriaBreitenbrunn, Austria
Breitenbrunn am Neusiedler See is a small wine village in the district of Eisenstadt-Umgebung in Burgenland in Austria....
) also corresponds with the similar translation of the parts of this compound word referring to its name (breit means broad and brunn means well or spring). The Hungarian form of the name had the most important impact on forming the Slovak version. The word soľ referring to the salt connected to the suffix -nica created the complete Slovak version of the name for the village. There is even a particular area within the village called Slanisko, the word stem of which word is obviously "salt or salty".
Sološnica belonged to the earls from Svätý Jur
Svätý Jur
Svätý Jur is a small town northeast of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. The name means Saint George. Between 1960 and 1990, the Communist government forced the town to use a "non-religious" name Jur pri Bratislave. Svätý Jur has a population of almost 5,000.-Geography:Svätý Jur is situated in...
and Pezinok
Pezinok
Pezinok is a city in southwestern Slovakia. It is roughly northeast of Bratislava and has a population of 21,334 .Pezinok lies near the Little Carpathians and thrives mainly on viticulture and agriculture, as well as on brick making and ceramic production.-History:From the second half of the 10th...
, earldom of Serédy inhabiting Plavecký Castle, earldom of Balass and later on to the earldom of Plavec (there were several families and their generations that were changed throughout the years as its owners). From the 17th century on, Plavecký Castle and the neraby villages had been registered in the ownership of the Pálfys.
According to the charter named "Colonia sub montem Rachsturm" from 1478, there was a settlement called "Hólint" located under the hill called "Rošturm" within the area of Sološnica. This settlement was occupied by forest workers of German origin called "holchokari. There were about 20 houses made of wood. The settlement went through a little bit of decadence and decline after 1781 when the Patent of Toleration
Patent of toleration
The Patent of Toleration was an edict issued in 1781 by the Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II of Austria. The Patent extended religious freedom to non-Catholic Christians living in Habsburg lands, including Lutherans, Calvinists, and the Greek Orthodox. Specifically, these members of minority faiths...
was declared. This document did not allow establishment of an evangelic
Evangelicalism
Evangelicalism is a Protestant Christian movement which began in Great Britain in the 1730s and gained popularity in the United States during the series of Great Awakenings of the 18th and 19th century.Its key commitments are:...
chapel that would be used for praying and worship in places where there were not at least a hundred evangelic families. Therefore, the majority of the population of this settlement moved either to Sološnica or to Pezinok. There are many of their descendants living in Sološnica even today.
In 1828 there were 205 houses and the population of Sološnica was 1484. These people were primarily engaged in agriculture, weaving, furriery, and calcinations
Calcination
Calcination is a thermal treatment process applied to ores and other solid materials to bring about a thermal decomposition, phase transition, or removal of a volatile fraction. The calcination process normally takes place at temperatures below the melting point of the product materials...
which continued until 1950. The production and manufacture of wooden tools was also very popular among people back then and thus has continued into the present.
Natural Disasters
Sološnica has gone through and already witnessed several disasters. In 1857 a huge and disastrous fire broke out. In about half an hour, most of the houses already caught fire because their roofs were made from straw. 12 people died as a result of this terrible fire. There were only six houses and the church left afterwards. In 1861 during the celebrations devoted to the Holy Ghost there was a strong storm with heavy rain which resulted into the level of the Sološnica Stream rising and flooding a substantial part of the village.Lots of inhabitants of Sološnica had a very hard time and suffered a lot during the Austro-Prussian War
Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian War was a war fought in 1866 between the German Confederation under the leadership of the Austrian Empire and its German allies on one side and the Kingdom of Prussia with its German allies and Italy on the...
in 1866. The Prussian troops were marching from Moravia
Moravia
Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region...
towards Trnava
Trnava
Trnava is a city in western Slovakia, 47 km to the north-east of Bratislava, on the Trnávka river. It is the capital of a kraj and of an okres . It was the seat of a Roman Catholic archbishopric . The city has a historic center...
and there were numerous fights going on. A great number of the dead were not buried which resulted in cholera
Cholera
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms are profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission occurs primarily by drinking or eating water or food that has been contaminated by the diarrhea of an infected person or the feces...
being spread gradually all around Záhorie
Záhorie
Záhorie is a region in western Slovakia bordered by the Little Carpathians in the east and the Morava River in the west. Although not an administrative region in its own right, it is one of the 21 official tourism regions in Slovakia...
. About 149 people died in Sološnica as a result of being infected with cholera from August 29 to November 14, 1866.
In the spring of 1909, there was a severe landslide in the land area called "Na Jamách" and "Nížiny". Another landslide also occurred in 1936.
World War I
World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
brought along plenty of hardship, suffering, and famine, as well as poverty for the local people. Around 180 men were gradually drafted from Sološnica and they fought on the Serbian front
Serbian Campaign (World War I)
The Serbian Campaign was fought from late July 1914, when Austria-Hungary invaded Serbia at the outset of the First World War, until late 1915, when the Macedonian Front was formed...
. Some of them were reported missing and 43 men died while fighting on the front. In order to commemorate this significant event, a memorial was built in 1931 by the village with the help of the money collected among its inhabitants.
Landmarks
There are two important historic landmarks located in the village:- All Saints Church
Dates back to the 14th century when it is considered to have originated. The new church was built on the foundations of the old one in 1699. It was dedicated to the All Saints. It was built in the baroque
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
style. The church has been reconstructed and undergone various changes until now. The painting comes from the years between 1880-1890.
- The sawmill left after Mr. Alexander Nottný from 1880
In 1720 there was a mill in the village, in 18th century there was a papermill widely used, in 19th century a distillery was built and the manorial grange was established.
Surrounding Municipalities
|
Plavecký Peter Plavecký Peter is a village and municipality in Senica District in the Trnava Region of western Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 226 metres and covers an area of 14.783km². It has a population of about 645 people.... Plavecký Mikuláš Plavecký Mikuláš is a village and municipality in western Slovakia in Malacky District in the Bratislava region.-External links:*... Rohožník, Malacky District Rohožník is a village in Malacky District in the Bratislava Region of western Slovakia close to the town of Malacky, northwest of Slovakia's capital Bratislava.-External links:*http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html... Malacky Malacky is a town and municipality in western Slovakia around 35 km north from capital Bratislava. From the second half of the 10th century until 1918, it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary... |
Kuchyna Kuchyňa is a municipality in the Malacky District in the Bratislava Region of western Slovakia close to the town of Malacky, north-west of Slovakia's capital Bratislava.... Pernek Pernek is a village and municipality in Malacky District in the Bratislava Region of western Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 278 metres and covers an area of 27.665 km². It has a population of about 793 people.-External links:... |