St James' Church, Daisy Hill
Encyclopedia
St James' Church, Daisy Hill, is located in the Daisy Hill district of Westhoughton
, Bolton
, Greater Manchester
, England. It is an active Anglican
parish church
in the deanery of Deane, the archdeaconry of Bolton, and the diocese of Manchester
. The church has been designated by English Heritage
as a Grade II* listed building.
architects Paley and Austin. Its cost of £6,500 (£ as of ) was met by two sisters, Mrs Makant and Miss Haddock. The authors of the Buildings of England
series state that the church is "a masterly performance for relatively little cash". Building work began on 24 February 1879, when the first sod was turned by Miss Haddock, and the foundation stone was laid by Mrs Makant. The church was consecrated
on 22 April 1881 by the Bishop of Manchester
. Daisy Hill became a separate parish
in 1884.
d. Its plan consists of a three-bay
nave
, a north porch, a chancel
, a north transept
and vestry
, and a bell turret
on the south side. All the windows contain Perpendicular-style tracery
. The windows along the sides of the church have three lights. The porch is gable
d, and has a pointed arch with carvings in the spandrel
s. At the west end of the church is a five-light window. The transept has a hipped roof
, and a projecting entrance also under a hipped roof. There are two-light windows in the organ loft and in the vestry. The east window has six lights, and there are four-light windows in the north and south sides of the chancel. The bell turret is in three stages. The lowest stage contains an entrance with a pointed arch, and round-headed windows. In the middle stage is a two-light window, and small windows illuminating the stair contained within the turret. In the top stage are two bell openings, with a third bell opening above them. At the top of the bell turret is a gable
surmounted by a weathercock.
. In the chancel are two sedilia
and an aumbry
, both in terracotta. The reredos
dates from 1924, and is by Shrigley and Hunt
. Also in the church is a Pre-Raphaelite
painting by Alfred Charles Weatherstone. In the east window is stained glass made by Morris & Co.
, depicting the Epiphany. In the transept is a stained glass dating from 1943 designed by Edith Norris. The only monument in the church is to the memory of its first vicar
, who died in 1911. The three-manual
organ was built in 1883 by W. E. Richardson at a cost of about £3,000 (£ as of ).
Westhoughton
Westhoughton is a town and civil parish of the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. It is southwest of Bolton, east of Wigan and northwest of Manchester....
, Bolton
Metropolitan Borough of Bolton
The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Bolton, but covers a far larger area which includes Blackrod, Farnworth, Horwich, Kearsley and Westhoughton, and a suburban and rural element from the West Pennine...
, Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2.6 million. It encompasses one of the largest metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom and comprises ten metropolitan boroughs: Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan, and the...
, England. It is an active Anglican
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
in the deanery of Deane, the archdeaconry of Bolton, and the diocese of Manchester
Anglican Diocese of Manchester
The Diocese of Manchester is a Church of England diocese in the Province of York, England. Based in the city of Manchester, the diocese covers much of the county of Greater Manchester and small areas of the counties of Lancashire and Cheshire.-History:...
. The church has been designated by English Heritage
English Heritage
English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
as a Grade II* listed building.
History
The church was built between 1879 and 1881, and was designed by the LancasterLancaster, Lancashire
Lancaster is the county town of Lancashire, England. It is situated on the River Lune and has a population of 45,952. Lancaster is a constituent settlement of the wider City of Lancaster, local government district which has a population of 133,914 and encompasses several outlying towns, including...
architects Paley and Austin. Its cost of £6,500 (£ as of ) was met by two sisters, Mrs Makant and Miss Haddock. The authors of the Buildings of England
Pevsner Architectural Guides
The Pevsner Architectural Guides are a series of guide books to the architecture of the British Isles. Begun in the 1940s by art historian Sir Nikolaus Pevsner, the 46 volumes of the Buildings of England series were published between 1951 and 1975. The series was then extended to Scotland and...
series state that the church is "a masterly performance for relatively little cash". Building work began on 24 February 1879, when the first sod was turned by Miss Haddock, and the foundation stone was laid by Mrs Makant. The church was consecrated
Consecration
Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service, usually religious. The word "consecration" literally means "to associate with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different groups...
on 22 April 1881 by the Bishop of Manchester
Bishop of Manchester
The Bishop of Manchester is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Manchester in the Province of York.The current bishop is the Right Reverend Nigel McCulloch, the 11th Lord Bishop of Manchester, who signs Nigel Manchester. The bishop's official residence is Bishopscourt, Bury New Road,...
. Daisy Hill became a separate parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
in 1884.
Exterior
St James' is constructed in brick with terracotta dressings, with a small number of stone dressings. The roofs are slateSlate
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism. The result is a foliated rock in which the foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering...
d. Its plan consists of a three-bay
Bay (architecture)
A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:...
nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
, a north porch, a chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
, a north transept
Transept
For the periodical go to The Transept.A transept is a transverse section, of any building, which lies across the main body of the building. In Christian churches, a transept is an area set crosswise to the nave in a cruciform building in Romanesque and Gothic Christian church architecture...
and vestry
Vestry
A vestry is a room in or attached to a church or synagogue in which the vestments, vessels, records, etc., are kept , and in which the clergy and choir robe or don their vestments for divine service....
, and a bell turret
Turret
In architecture, a turret is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification...
on the south side. All the windows contain Perpendicular-style tracery
Tracery
In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:...
. The windows along the sides of the church have three lights. The porch is gable
Gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...
d, and has a pointed arch with carvings in the spandrel
Spandrel
A spandrel, less often spandril or splaundrel, is the space between two arches or between an arch and a rectangular enclosure....
s. At the west end of the church is a five-light window. The transept has a hipped roof
Hip roof
A hip roof, or hipped roof, is a type of roof where all sides slope downwards to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope. Thus it is a house with no gables or other vertical sides to the roof. A square hip roof is shaped like a pyramid. Hip roofs on the houses could have two triangular side...
, and a projecting entrance also under a hipped roof. There are two-light windows in the organ loft and in the vestry. The east window has six lights, and there are four-light windows in the north and south sides of the chancel. The bell turret is in three stages. The lowest stage contains an entrance with a pointed arch, and round-headed windows. In the middle stage is a two-light window, and small windows illuminating the stair contained within the turret. In the top stage are two bell openings, with a third bell opening above them. At the top of the bell turret is a gable
Gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...
surmounted by a weathercock.
Interior
Inside the church the brick is bare. The nave has a tie-beam roof, and the chancel has a boarded wagon roofBarrel vault
A barrel vault, also known as a tunnel vault or a wagon vault, is an architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve along a given distance. The curves are typically circular in shape, lending a semi-cylindrical appearance to the total design...
. In the chancel are two sedilia
Sedilia
Sedilia , in ecclesiastical architecture, is the term used to describe stone seats, usually to be found on the south side of an altar, often in the chancel, for the use of the officiating priests...
and an aumbry
Aumbry
In the Middle Ages an aumbry was a cabinet in the wall of a Christian church or in the sacristy which was used to store chalices and other vessels, as well as for the reserved sacrament, the consecrated elements from the Eucharist. This latter use was infrequent in pre-Reformation churches,...
, both in terracotta. The reredos
Reredos
thumb|300px|right|An altar and reredos from [[St. Josaphat's Roman Catholic Church|St. Josaphat Catholic Church]] in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. This would be called a [[retable]] in many other languages and countries....
dates from 1924, and is by Shrigley and Hunt
Shrigley and Hunt
Shrigley and Hunt was the name of an English firm which produced stained glass windows and art tiles.The business began in the 1750s when Shrigley's was a painting, carving and gilding firm in Lancaster, Lancashire....
. Also in the church is a Pre-Raphaelite
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was a group of English painters, poets, and critics, founded in 1848 by William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti...
painting by Alfred Charles Weatherstone. In the east window is stained glass made by Morris & Co.
Morris & Co.
Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co. and its successor Morris & Co. were furnishings and decorative arts manufacturers and retailers founded by the Pre-Raphaelite artist and designer William Morris...
, depicting the Epiphany. In the transept is a stained glass dating from 1943 designed by Edith Norris. The only monument in the church is to the memory of its first vicar
Vicar (Anglicanism)
Vicar is the title given to certain parish priests in the Church of England. It has played a significant role in Anglican Church organisation in ways that are different from other Christian denominations. The title is very old and arises from the medieval situation where priests were appointed...
, who died in 1911. The three-manual
Manual (music)
A manual is a keyboard designed to be played with the hands on a pipe organ, harpsichord, clavichord, electronic organ, or synthesizer. The term "manual" is used with regard to any hand keyboard on these instruments to distinguish it from the pedalboard, which is a keyboard that the organist plays...
organ was built in 1883 by W. E. Richardson at a cost of about £3,000 (£ as of ).