State (disambiguation)
Encyclopedia
State commonly refers to either the present condition of a system or entity, or to a governed entity (such as a country) or sub-entity (such as a province or region).
Political science
- State (polity)State (polity)A state is an organized political community, living under a government. States may be sovereign and may enjoy a monopoly on the legal initiation of force and are not dependent on, or subject to any other power or state. Many states are federated states which participate in a federal union...
, an organized political community, living under a government - Sovereign stateSovereign stateA sovereign state, or simply, state, is a state with a defined territory on which it exercises internal and external sovereignty, a permanent population, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood to be a state which is neither...
, a sovereign political entity in public international law - Member stateMember stateA member state is a state that is a member of an international organisation.The World Trade Organization has members that are sovereign states and members that are not, thus WTO members are not called member states.- Worldwide :...
, a member of an international organization - Federated state, a political entity forming part of a federal sovereign state
- Nation state, a state which coincides with a nation
- Vienna Convention on the Law of TreatiesVienna Convention on the Law of TreatiesThe Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties is a treaty concerning the international law on treaties between states. It was adopted on 22 May 1969 and opened for signature on 23 May 1969. The Convention entered into force on 27 January 1980. The VCLT has been ratified by 111 states as of November...
which defines which countries are states for the purpose of being entitled to be parties to treaties
Legislatures
- The Estates or the States, a national assembly of the estates, a legislature
- States-General (disambiguation)
Jurisprudence
- RechtsstaatRechtsstaatRechtsstaat is a concept in continental European legal thinking, originally borrowed from German jurisprudence, which can be translated as "legal state", "state of law", "state of justice", or "state of rights"...
, the legal state (constitutional state, state subordinated to law) in philosophy of law and as principle of many national constitutions
Biology & psychology
- Medical stateMedical stateMedical states or medical conditions are used to describe a patient's condition in a hospital. These terms are most commonly used by the news media and are rarely used by doctors, who in their daily business prefer to deal with medical problems in greater detail.Either or both of two aspects of...
, one's current state of health, usually within a hospital setting - Mental state (disambiguation)
Chemistry
- State of matterState of matterStates of matter are the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on. Solid, liquid and gas are the most common states of matter on Earth. However, much of the baryonic matter of the universe is in the form of hot plasma, both as rarefied interstellar medium and as dense...
, solid, liquid or vapour phases of matter. it describes the organization of matter in a phase - Chemical stateChemical state- Overview :The chemical state of a chemical element is its electronic, chemical and physical nature as it exists in combination with a group of one or more other elements or in its natural "elemental state"...
, the electronic, chemical and physical nature of an element
Computing
- State (computer science)State (computer science)In computer science and automata theory, a state is a unique configuration of information in a program or machine. It is a concept that occasionally extends into some forms of systems programming such as lexers and parsers....
, a unique configuration of information in a program or machine- Program stateProgram stateOne of the key concepts in computer programming is the idea of state, essentially a snapshot of the measure of various conditions in the system. Most programming languages require a considerable amount of state information in order to operate properly - information which is generally hidden from...
, in computer science, a snapshot of the measure of various conditions in the system - State patternState patternThe state pattern, which closely resembles Strategy Pattern, is a behavioral software design pattern, also known as the objects for states pattern. This pattern is used in computer programming to represent the state of an object. This is a clean way for an object to partially change its type at...
, in computer science, a behavioral design pattern
- Program state
- State (printmaking)State (printmaking)A state, in printmaking, is a different form of a print, caused by a deliberate and permanent change to a matrix such as a copper plate or woodblock ....
, a unique form of a print, caused by a deliberate change to a matrix - State (software), animation software for YouTube and social media sites
Mathematics
- State (controls), a term related to control theory
- State (functional analysis)State (functional analysis)In functional analysis, a state on a C*-algebra is a positive linear functional of norm 1. The set of states of a C*-algebra A, sometimes denoted by S, is always a convex set. The extremal points of S are called pure states...
, a positive linear functional on an operator algebra
Physics
- In classical mechanicsClassical mechanicsIn physics, classical mechanics is one of the two major sub-fields of mechanics, which is concerned with the set of physical laws describing the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces...
, state is a complete description of a system in terms of parameters such as positions and momentums at a particular moment in time - Quantum state, in physics, the state of a quantum mechanical system given by a vector in the underlying Hilbert space
- Excited stateExcited stateExcitation is an elevation in energy level above an arbitrary baseline energy state. In physics there is a specific technical definition for energy level which is often associated with an atom being excited to an excited state....
- Dynamical systems, a concept in mathematics where a fixed rule describes the time dependence of a point in a geometrical space
- Stationary stateStationary stateIn quantum mechanics, a stationary state is an eigenvector of the Hamiltonian, implying the probability density associated with the wavefunction is independent of time . This corresponds to a quantum state with a single definite energy...
, an eigenvector of a Hamiltonian - Thermodynamic stateThermodynamic stateA thermodynamic state is a set of values of properties of a thermodynamic system that must be specified to reproduce the system. The individual parameters are known as state variables, state parameters or thermodynamic variables. Once a sufficient set of thermodynamic variables have been...
, a set of physical quantities (e.g. temperature, pressure, and composition) describing variable properties of a given thermodynamic system
Literature
- The World StateThe World StateThe World State is the primary setting of Aldous Huxley's 1932 dystopian novel Brave New World. In the novel, The World State is a unified government which administers the entire planet, with a few isolated exceptions....
, from Brave New World by Aldous Huxley - The State (Larry Niven)The State (Larry Niven)"The State" is a fictional totalitarian world government in a future history that forms the back-story of three of Larry Niven's novels: A World Out of Time , The Integral Trees , and The Smoke Ring...
, from the works of Larry Niven
Media
- State (magazine)State (magazine)State.ie is an Irish website and formerly a monthly music magazine, which launched in March 2008 and folded in January 2009 having published a total of nine issues...
, an Irish monthly music magazine - State MagazineState MagazineState Magazine is published by the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Human Resources. Its mission is to acquaint Department of State employees at home and abroad with developments affecting operations and personnel, and to facilitate communication between management and employees.The full-color...
, a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State - The State (album)The State (album)-Singles:-Release history:-Charts:Album - Billboard -Certifications:*USA: 1,000,000 copies *Canada: 100,000 copies *Worldwide sales: 1,100,000 copies...
, a music album by Nickelback - The State (book)The State (book)The State is a book by German sociologist Franz Oppenheimer first published in Germany in 1908. Oppenheimer wrote the book in Frankfurt am Main during 1907, as a fragment of the four-volume System of Sociology, an intended interpretative framework for the understanding of social evolution on which...
, a book by German sociologist Franz Oppenheimer - The State (TV series)The State (TV series)The State is a half-hour sketch-comedy television show, originally broadcast on MTV between December 17, 1993 and July 1, 1995. The show combined bizarre characters and scenarios to present sketches that won the favor of its target teenaged audience...
, a sketch comedy show on MTV - The States (TV series), a documentary series on the United States
- The State (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina
- States RecordsStates RecordsStates Record Company was a Chicago-based record label. A subsidiary of United Records, it was in business from May 1952 to December 1957. States focused on rhythm and blues, jazz, and gospel....
, an American record label - State Theatre (disambiguation), the name of several theatres
See also
- All pages beginning with State
- Status (disambiguation)