Stygge Krumpen
Encyclopedia
Stygge Krumpen was a Danish
clergyman and bureaucrat, who was the secretary of king Christian II of Denmark
and the last catholic bishop of the Diocese of Børglum from 1533 to 1536, having been coadjutor bishop
since 1519. He was the brother of Danish marshal
Otte Krumpen
. With them, the Krumpen family died out.
Otte Krumpen
. In 1505, he started attending the University of Rostock
, and took his Master's degree
before 1513. In 1514, he was associated with Tranebjerg
church. In 1515 he was named secretary of king Christian II of Denmark
, and in 1518 he was promised the first priesthood available in Jutland
.
He was named coadjutor bishop
of the Diocese of Børglum in 1519 alongside his uncle, bishop Niels Stygge, and was the effective rule of the abbey. He had the provost
of Børglum Abbey
expelled and his rights transferred to Niels Stygge, against the will of the Holy See
. Krumpen incurred the wrath of Christian II's administrator of Aalborghus Castle
, opposed Christian II's right to goods from salvaged shipwrecks, and quarrelled with the Diocese of Viborg
over the prerogative over Læsø
. He was active in the uprising against Christian II in 1522-23.
Under new king Frederick I of Denmark
, Krumpen was credited for Sæby
attaining market town
rights in 1524, and was named Niels Stygge's successor as provost in 1525, succeeding him in 1533. Krumpen actively opposed the Reformation in Denmark
, and urged Johann Eck
to preach in Denmark. While at Børglum, he sought to enhance his own land holdings in numerous ways, some of them unscrupulous. Krumpen caused public scandal as he was living in sin
with his relative Elsebeth Gyldenstjerne, despite the protestations of her husband Bonde Due Munk of Voergaard Castle
in Vendsyssel
.
He accompagnied Prince Christian
on a trip to Norway
in 1529, but was otherwise not a close advisor to the crown. He opposed the ascension of Prince Christian as king in 1533, and though he formally accepted him at the Election of Christian III
in 1534, Krumpen remained critical of Christian III. During the subsequent Count's Feud
civil war between the Protestant Christian III and the catholic Christian II, Krumpen could not defend his holdings against the peasant uprising of Skipper Clement
.
After Christian III won the Count's Feud in 1536, all catholic bishops were dispossessed and jailed. Krumpen was imprisoned at Sønderborg Castle
during the same time as Christian II. He spent his last years facing a number of legal trials regarding his conduct as a bishop. He was released in 1542 with support from his brother, after swearing allegiance to Christian III. He was granted Asmild Abbey
for life in January 1543, but wielded no further political influence. He died on January 21, 1551, and was buried in the family plot at Mariager Abbey
.
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
clergyman and bureaucrat, who was the secretary of king Christian II of Denmark
Christian II of Denmark
Christian II was King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden , during the Kalmar Union.-Background:...
and the last catholic bishop of the Diocese of Børglum from 1533 to 1536, having been coadjutor bishop
Coadjutor bishop
A coadjutor bishop is a bishop in the Roman Catholic or Anglican churches who is designated to assist the diocesan bishop in the administration of the diocese, almost as co-bishop of the diocese...
since 1519. He was the brother of Danish marshal
Marshal
Marshal , is a word used in several official titles of various branches of society. The word is an ancient loan word from Old French, cf...
Otte Krumpen
Otte Krumpen
Otte Krumpen was a Danish bureaucrat, who was Marshal of Denmark from 1554 to 1567, and held seignory over various land holdings throughout his career. He held a ceremonial position in the coronation of Danish kings Christian II and Frederick I. He was the older brother of Danish catholic bishop...
. With them, the Krumpen family died out.
Biography
Stygge Krumpen was born the son of Jørgen Krumpen of Skjøtterup and Anne Styggesdatter Rosenkrantz. He was the brother of later marshalMarshal
Marshal , is a word used in several official titles of various branches of society. The word is an ancient loan word from Old French, cf...
Otte Krumpen
Otte Krumpen
Otte Krumpen was a Danish bureaucrat, who was Marshal of Denmark from 1554 to 1567, and held seignory over various land holdings throughout his career. He held a ceremonial position in the coronation of Danish kings Christian II and Frederick I. He was the older brother of Danish catholic bishop...
. In 1505, he started attending the University of Rostock
University of Rostock
The University of Rostock is the university of the city Rostock, in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.Founded in 1419, it is the oldest and largest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area...
, and took his Master's degree
Master's degree
A master's is an academic degree granted to individuals who have undergone study demonstrating a mastery or high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice...
before 1513. In 1514, he was associated with Tranebjerg
Tranebjerg
Tranebjerg is a small town on the island of Samsø, Denmark with a population of only 814 .In spite of that Tranebjerg is by far the largest town on the island and the municipal seat of the small Samsø Municipality....
church. In 1515 he was named secretary of king Christian II of Denmark
Christian II of Denmark
Christian II was King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden , during the Kalmar Union.-Background:...
, and in 1518 he was promised the first priesthood available in Jutland
Jutland
Jutland , historically also called Cimbria, is the name of the peninsula that juts out in Northern Europe toward the rest of Scandinavia, forming the mainland part of Denmark. It has the North Sea to its west, Kattegat and Skagerrak to its north, the Baltic Sea to its east, and the Danish–German...
.
Coadjutor bishop
A coadjutor bishop is a bishop in the Roman Catholic or Anglican churches who is designated to assist the diocesan bishop in the administration of the diocese, almost as co-bishop of the diocese...
of the Diocese of Børglum in 1519 alongside his uncle, bishop Niels Stygge, and was the effective rule of the abbey. He had the provost
Provost (religion)
A provost is a senior official in a number of Christian churches.-Historical Development:The word praepositus was originally applied to any ecclesiastical ruler or dignitary...
of Børglum Abbey
Børglum Abbey
Børglum Abbey was an important Premonstratensian abbey of medieval Denmark, located in Børglum parish, in the commune of Hjørring, approximately five kilometers east of Løkken in north central Jutland .- Origin :...
expelled and his rights transferred to Niels Stygge, against the will of the Holy See
Holy See
The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
. Krumpen incurred the wrath of Christian II's administrator of Aalborghus Castle
Aalborghus Castle
Aalborghus Castle or Aalborghus Slot is a castle in Aalborg, Denmark. It is a half-timbered castle built by King Christian III from 1539 to around 1555 initially as a fortification...
, opposed Christian II's right to goods from salvaged shipwrecks, and quarrelled with the Diocese of Viborg
Diocese of Viborg
The Diocese of Viborg is a diocese within the Danish National Church, covering the western part of central Jutland. The diocese has the highest ratio of church members in Denmark, about 91 %....
over the prerogative over Læsø
Læsø
Læsø is the largest island in the North Sea bay of Kattegat, and is located off the northeast coast of the Jutland Peninsula, the Danish mainland. Læsø is also the name of the municipality on that island...
. He was active in the uprising against Christian II in 1522-23.
Under new king Frederick I of Denmark
Frederick I of Denmark
Frederick I of Denmark and Norway was the King of Denmark and Norway. The name is also spelled Friedrich in German, Frederik in Danish, and Fredrik in Swedish and Norwegian...
, Krumpen was credited for Sæby
Sæby
Sæby is a Danish town, with a population of 8,875 , in Frederikshavn municipality, Region Nordjylland on the northeast coast of Vendsyssel-Thy, a part of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark.-Attractions:* Sæby Harbour* Sæby Church...
attaining market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
rights in 1524, and was named Niels Stygge's successor as provost in 1525, succeeding him in 1533. Krumpen actively opposed the Reformation in Denmark
Reformation in Denmark
The Reformation in Denmark–Norway and Holstein was the transition from Roman Catholicism to Lutheranism in the realms ruled by the Copenhagen-based House of Oldenburg in the first half of the sixteenth century...
, and urged Johann Eck
Johann Eck
Dr. Johann Maier von Eck was a German Scholastic theologian and defender of Catholicism during the Protestant Reformation. It was Eck who argued that the beliefs of Martin Luther and Jan Hus were similar.-Life:...
to preach in Denmark. While at Børglum, he sought to enhance his own land holdings in numerous ways, some of them unscrupulous. Krumpen caused public scandal as he was living in sin
Living in Sin
Living in Sin is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It was written by Jon Bon Jovi. It was released in 1989 as the fifth single from the band's smash-album New Jersey. It also was the fifth single from New Jersey to chart in the Top 10, allowing Bon Jovi to bear the record for the most songs...
with his relative Elsebeth Gyldenstjerne, despite the protestations of her husband Bonde Due Munk of Voergaard Castle
Voergaard Castle
Voergaard Castle is a moated Renaissance manor house located 10 km north of Dronninglund on the North Jutland island in north-western Denmark.-Early history:Voergaard's recorded history goes back to 1481...
in Vendsyssel
Vendsyssel
Vendsyssel is the northernmost traditional district of Denmark and of Jutland. Being divided from mainland Jutland by the Limfjord, it is technically a part of the North Jutlandic Island. Vendsyssel is part of the North Denmark Region....
.
He accompagnied Prince Christian
Christian III of Denmark
Christian III reigned as king of Denmark and Norway. He was the eldest son of King Frederick I and Anna of Brandenburg.-Childhood:...
on a trip to Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
in 1529, but was otherwise not a close advisor to the crown. He opposed the ascension of Prince Christian as king in 1533, and though he formally accepted him at the Election of Christian III
Election of Christian III
The election of Christian III as king of Denmark and Norway on 4 July 1534 was a landmark event for all of Denmark and Norway. It took place in the church in the town of Rye, eastern Jutland, where the Jutlandic nobility elected Prince Christian, son of King Frederick I and Duke of Slesvig and...
in 1534, Krumpen remained critical of Christian III. During the subsequent Count's Feud
Count's Feud
The Count's Feud , also called the Count's War, was a civil war that raged in Denmark in 1534–36 and brought about the Reformation in Denmark...
civil war between the Protestant Christian III and the catholic Christian II, Krumpen could not defend his holdings against the peasant uprising of Skipper Clement
Skipper Clement
Klemen Andersen "Skipper Clement" was a Danish merchant, captain, privateer and leader of the peasant rebellion that was part of the civil war known as the Count's Feud .-Background:...
.
After Christian III won the Count's Feud in 1536, all catholic bishops were dispossessed and jailed. Krumpen was imprisoned at Sønderborg Castle
Sønderborg Castle
Sønderborg Castle is located in the town of Sønderborg, Denmark on the island of Als in South Jutland. It houses a museum focusing on the history and culture of the area. The castle is located in the middle of the town, in a park setting overlooking Als Fjord...
during the same time as Christian II. He spent his last years facing a number of legal trials regarding his conduct as a bishop. He was released in 1542 with support from his brother, after swearing allegiance to Christian III. He was granted Asmild Abbey
Asmild Abbey
Asmild Abbey was a house of Augustinian nuns with a close connection to the Augustinian canons at Viborg Cathedral in north central Jutland, Denmark.- History :...
for life in January 1543, but wielded no further political influence. He died on January 21, 1551, and was buried in the family plot at Mariager Abbey
Mariager Abbey
Mariager Abbey was a Bridgettine double monastery founded in 1430 which became an important pilgrimage site, in the present town of Mariager in northern central Jutland, Denmark.-Foundation:...
.
Literature
- "Stygge Krumpen", 1936 fictional novel by Thit JensenThit JensenMaria Kirstine Dorothea Jensen was a Danish novelist, but also author of short stories, plays and society critical articles....
- "Stygge Krumpen - biskop og adelsmand", 2008 historical biography by Gert Jensen