Sultan of Perak is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states.
When the Sultanate of Malacca empire fell to Portugal

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

 in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Syah I

Mahmud Shah (Sultan of Malacca)

Sultan Mahmud Shah ruled Malacca from 1488 to 1528. He was the son of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah.Upon his father's premature death, he was installed at a very young age. The regent at that time was the prime minister Tun Perak. During his initial years as a young adult, the sultan was known to...

 retreated to Kampar

Kampar Regency

Kampar is a regency of Riau, Indonesia. It has an area of 11,707.64 km² and population of about 415,344.The regency is divided into 13 subdistricts . The seat of the regency is located at Bangkinang.Bordered with:...

, Sumatra

Sumatra

Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...

 and died there in 1528. He left behind two princes named Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II

Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor

Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II was the first Sultan of Johor. He ruled Johor from 1528 to 1564. He founded the Johor Sultanate following the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511. He was the second son of Mahmud Shah of Malacca. Thus, Johor was a successor state of Malacca and Johor's sultans...

 and Sultan Muzaffar Syah. The former later went to establish the Sultanate of Johor. Meanwhile Muzaffar Syah was invited to rule Perak

Perak

Perak , one of the 13 states of Malaysia, is the second largest state in the Peninsular Malaysia bordering Kedah and Yala Province of Thailand to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, Selangor the Strait of Malacca to the south and west.Perak means silver in Malay...

 and hence, he became the first sultan of Perak. The current sultan of Perak is the descendant of the last Sultan of Malacca.

List of Sultans of Perak

1. Sultan Muzaffar Shah I Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah of Melaka (1528 - 1549)
2. Sultan Mansur Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muzaffar Shah (1549 - 1577)
3. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mansur Shah (1577 - 1584)
4. Sultan Tajul Ariffin Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mansur Shah (1584 - 1594)
5. Sultan Alauddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Lasa Inu (1594 - 1603)
6. Sultan Mukaddam Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah (1609 - 1619)
7. Sultan Mansur Shah II Ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Lasa Inu (1619 - 1627)
8. Sultan Mahmud Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah (1627 - 1630)
9. Sultan Sallehuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah (1630 - 1636)
10. Sultan Muzaffar Shah II Ibni Almarhum Raja Mahmud of Siak (1636 - 1654)
11. Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muzaffar Shah II (1654 - 1720)
12. Sultan Alauddin Mughayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Yang Dipertuan Muda Mansur Shah (1720 - 1728)
13. Sultan Muzaffar Shah III Ibni Almarhum Yang Dipertuan Muda Mansur Shah (1728 - 1752) {Ruled Upper Perak}
14. Sultan Muhammad Shah Ibni Almarhum Yang Dipertuan Muda Mansur Shah (1744 - 1750) {Ruled Lower Perak}
15. Sultan Iskandar Zulkarnain Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1752 - 1765)
16. Sultan Mahmud Shah II Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1765 - 1773)
17. Sultan Alauddin Mansur Shah Iskandar Muda Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1773 - 1786)
18. Sultan Ahmaddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1786 - 1806)
19. Sultan Abdul Malik Mansur Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmaddin Shah (1806 - 1825)
20. Sultan Abdullah Muazzam Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Malik Mansur Shah (1825 - 1830)
21. Sultan Shahabuddin Ibni Almarhum Raja Bendahara Inu (1830 - 1851)
22. Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah I Ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Bongsu Abdul Rahman (1851 - 1857)
23. Sultan Jaafar Mu'azzam Shah Ibni Al Marhum Raja Kecil Tengah Raja Ahmad (1857 - 1865)
24. Sultan Ali Al-Mukammal Inayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Shahabuddin Shah (1865 - 1871)
25. Sultan Ismail Muabiddin Riayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Syed Sheikh Al-Khairat, Siak (1871 - 1874)
26. Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah II Ibni Almarhum Sultan Jaafar Muazzam Shah (1874 - 1876)
27. Sultan Yusuf Sharifuddin Muzaffar Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah I (1876 - 1887)
28. Sultan Idris Murshidul Azam Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Bendahara Alang Iskandar
    Idris Shah I of Perak
    Idris Shah I of Perak was the 19th Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan of Perak. He succeeded his father-in-law, Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah, in 1887 and ruled to his death on 14 January 1916....
    
     (1887 - 1916)
29. Sultan Abdul Jalil Nasiruddin Al-Mukhataram Karamatullah Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Idris Rahmatullah Shah
    Sultan Abdul Jalil of Perak
    Sultan Abdul Jalil, KCMG, was a sultan of Perak. Perak was part of the Federated Malay States during his reign and became a state of the independent Malaya in 1957, and subsequently Malaysia in 1963....
    
     (1916 - 1918)
30. Sultan Iskandar Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Idris Rahmatullah Shah
    Sultan Iskandar of Perak
    Sultan Sir Iskandar Shah al-Kaddasullah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Sir Idris Murshid al-Azam Shah Rahmatullah GCMG, KCVO was the 30th Sultan of Perak. Perak at that time was part of the British-administered Federated Malay States....
    
     (1918 - 1938)
31. Sultan Abdul Aziz Al-Mutasim Billah Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Muda Musa
    Sultan Abdul Aziz of Perak
    Sultan Sir Abdul Aziz al-Mutasim Billah Shah Nikmatullah ibni al-Marhum Raja Muda Musa, KCMG, KBE was a Sultan of Perak, a state in modern Malaysia....
    
     (1938 - 1948)
32. Sultan Yusuf Izzuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Jalil Radziallah Shah
    Sultan Yusuf Izzuddin Shah
    Sultan Sir Yusuf Izzuddin Rathiullah Ghafarullahulahu Shah, KCMG was a Sultan of Perak, a state in the current Federation of Malaysia....
    
     (1948 - 1963)
33. Sultan Idris Al-Mutawakkil Alallahi Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Shah Kadassallah
    Idris Shah II of Perak
    Sultan Idris Iskandar Shah II, CMG was the Sultan of the Malaysian state of Perak from 1963 until his death in 1984...
    
     (1963 - 1984)
34. Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Yusuf Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullah (1984 - present)