Swietochlowice
Encyclopedia
Świętochłowice AUD is a city
in Silesia
in southern Poland
, near Katowice
. The central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
- metropolis with the population of 2 millions. Located in the Silesian Highlands
, on the Rawa River
(tributary of the Vistula).
It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship
since its formation in 1999, previously in Katowice Voivodeship
, and before then, of the Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship
. Świętochłowice is one of the cities of the 2,7 million conurbation - Katowice urban area
and within a greater Silesian metropolitan area
populated by about 5,294,000 people. The population of the city is 54,525 (2008).
between the 13th and 14th century. In the 19th and first part of the 20th century the area rapidly industrialized (based on the numerous local resources, including coal and zinc). It was part of Germany until 1922 (although 51,9% of plebiscite
voted to stay with Germany), then became part of Poland, in 1939 part of Germany again and in 1945 part of Poland. Świętochłowice was the site of the Zgoda labour camp
.
and is part of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
, the largest urban center in Poland and one of the largest in Europe.
in Poland and one of the highest in Europe
: about 4200 inhabitants per km². The population of the entire urban area is about 3.5 million.
Brunate and swamp soils predominate in Świętochłowice.
. The Skałka stadium is located in the Centrum.
with: Heiloo
, Netherlands
Nový Jičín
, Czech Republic
Laa an der Thaya
, Austria
Tiszaújváros
, Hungary
Rimavská Sobota
, Slovakia
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
in Silesia
Silesia
Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
in southern Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, near Katowice
Katowice
Katowice is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, on the Kłodnica and Rawa rivers . Katowice is located in the Silesian Highlands, about north of the Silesian Beskids and about southeast of the Sudetes Mountains.It is the central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2...
. The central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
The Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia or Upper Silesia Metroplex, Silesia Metroplex / Silesia Metroplex is a union of 14 adjacent cities in the Polish province of Silesia....
- metropolis with the population of 2 millions. Located in the Silesian Highlands
Silesian Highlands
Silesian Highlands are highlands located in Silesia and Lesser Poland, Poland. It is the part of Lesser Poland Highlands Its highest point is the Mountain of St. Anne .-See also:...
, on the Rawa River
Rawa River
Rawa , older name Roździanka) is a minor river in Silesia, Poland. It is the largest right tributary of the Brynica, itself a tributary of the Przemsza, which in turn is a tributary of the Vistula. The entire length of the Rawa is within the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union...
(tributary of the Vistula).
It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia...
since its formation in 1999, previously in Katowice Voivodeship
Katowice Voivodeship
Katowice Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in the years 1975–1998, superseded by the Silesian Voivodeship...
, and before then, of the Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship
Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship
The Silesian Voivodeship was an autonomous province of the interwar Second Polish Republic. It consisted of territory which came into Polish possession as a result of the 1921 Upper Silesia plebiscite, the Geneva Conventions, three Upper Silesian Uprisings, and the eventual partition of Upper...
. Świętochłowice is one of the cities of the 2,7 million conurbation - Katowice urban area
Katowice urban area
The Katowice urban area, also known as the Upper Silesian urban area, is an urban area/conurbation in southern Poland. It is located in the Silesian Voivodeship and in a small part of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. The Katowice urban area is the largest urban area in Poland and one of the largest...
and within a greater Silesian metropolitan area
Silesian metropolitan area
The Upper Silesian metropolitan area is the metropolitan area in southern Poland and northeast Czech Republic, centered on the cities of Katowice and Ostrava in Silesia...
populated by about 5,294,000 people. The population of the city is 54,525 (2008).
History
The city is known since the 13th century, and received Magdeburg rightsMagdeburg rights
Magdeburg Rights or Magdeburg Law were a set of German town laws regulating the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by a local ruler. Modelled and named after the laws of the German city of Magdeburg and developed during many centuries of the Holy Roman Empire, it was...
between the 13th and 14th century. In the 19th and first part of the 20th century the area rapidly industrialized (based on the numerous local resources, including coal and zinc). It was part of Germany until 1922 (although 51,9% of plebiscite
Referendum
A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. This may result in the adoption of a new constitution, a constitutional amendment, a law, the recall of an elected official or simply a specific government policy. It is a form of...
voted to stay with Germany), then became part of Poland, in 1939 part of Germany again and in 1945 part of Poland. Świętochłowice was the site of the Zgoda labour camp
Zgoda labour camp
The Zgoda labour camp was a concentration camp for Germans, Silesians and Poles, set up in 1945 by the Soviet NKVD in Świętochłowice, Silesia. It was controlled by the communist secret police until its closure by the Stalinist authorities of Poland in November of the same year.Between 1943 and...
.
Location
Świętochłowice is situated the middle of a highly populated area of Upper SilesiaUpper Silesia
Upper Silesia is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia. Since the 9th century, Upper Silesia has been part of Greater Moravia, the Duchy of Bohemia, the Piast Kingdom of Poland, again of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown and the Holy Roman Empire, as well as of...
and is part of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union
The Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia or Upper Silesia Metroplex, Silesia Metroplex / Silesia Metroplex is a union of 14 adjacent cities in the Polish province of Silesia....
, the largest urban center in Poland and one of the largest in Europe.
Population
Świętochłowice has about 55,500 inhabitants. The city has the highest population densityPopulation density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
in Poland and one of the highest in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
: about 4200 inhabitants per km². The population of the entire urban area is about 3.5 million.
Climate and soil
Świętochłowice is situated in Silesian-Krakówian climate-zone. The annual precipitation totals to about 700 mm. The wettest month is July and the driest February. The average temperature is approximately -2.5 °C in January and 18 °C (64 °F) in July.Brunate and swamp soils predominate in Świętochłowice.
Neighborhoods
Świętochłowice has five administrative subdivisions:- Centrum
- Chropaczów
- LipinyLipinyLipiny may refer to the following places:* Lipiny, Augustów County in Podlaskie Voivodeship * Lipiny, Hajnówka County in Podlaskie Voivodeship * Lipiny, Siemiatycze County in Podlaskie Voivodeship...
- Piaśniki, Schlesiengrube
- ZgodaZgodaZgoda may refer to the following places:*Zgoda, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship *Zgoda, Gmina Łanięta in Łódź Voivodeship *Zgoda, Gmina Żychlin in Łódź Voivodeship...
, Eintrachthütte
Sport
The most popular sport in Świętochłowice is motorcycle speedwayMotorcycle speedway
Motorcycle speedway, usually referred to as speedway, is a motorcycle sport involving four and sometimes up to six riders competing over four anti-clockwise laps of an oval circuit. Speedway motorcycles use only one gear and have no brakes and racing takes place on a flat oval track usually...
. The Skałka stadium is located in the Centrum.
Sport clubs of Świętochłowice
- Śląsk Świętochłowice - football, speedwayMotorcycle speedwayMotorcycle speedway, usually referred to as speedway, is a motorcycle sport involving four and sometimes up to six riders competing over four anti-clockwise laps of an oval circuit. Speedway motorcycles use only one gear and have no brakes and racing takes place on a flat oval track usually...
- Naprzód LipinyNaprzód LipinyGKS Naprzód Świętochłowice Lipiny - a sports club from Swietochlowice’s district of Lipiny , founded in 1920 by Alfons Maniura, who became Naprzód first chairman. Throughout the years, the club for many times changed name. In 1920-1939 and then in 1945-1965 it was Naprzód Lipiny, in 1939-1945 -...
- football - Czarni Świętochłowice - football
Sportspeople of Świętochłowice in Olympic Games
- 1928 - AmsterdamAmsterdamAmsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
- football - Teodor PeterekTeodor PeterekTeodor Peterek , a Polish soccer player from interwar period, forward, represented Ruch Chorzów and Polish National Team...
- gymnastics - Paweł Galus, Franiciszek Pampuch, Teofil Rost, Franciszek Tajstra
- football - Teodor Peterek
- 1936 - BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
- football - Hubert GadHubert GadHubert Gad, also known as Hubert God was a Polish soccer player, a very skilled and aggressive forward, who for a while was the top scorer of Poland....
, Teodor Piec, Teodor PeterekTeodor PeterekTeodor Peterek , a Polish soccer player from interwar period, forward, represented Ruch Chorzów and Polish National Team... - gymnastics - Klara Sierońska-Kostrzewa
- football - Hubert Gad
- 1952 - HelsinkiHelsinkiHelsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
- football - Ewald CebulaEwald CebulaEdward Cebula was a Polish football player and defender...
- swimming - Gotfryd Gremlowski
- football - Ewald Cebula
- 1956 - MelbourneMelbourneMelbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
- gymnastics - Małgorzata Błaszczyk-Wasilewska
- 1960 - RomeRomeRome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
- football - Roman Letner
- 1964 - TokyoTokyo, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
- gymnastics - Gerda Bryłka-Krajciczek, Małgorzata Wilczek-Rogoń
- 1976 - MontrealMontrealMontreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
- fencing - Barbara WysoczańskaBarbara WysoczańskaBarbara Wysoczańska is a Polish fencer. She won a bronze medal in the women's individual foil event at the 1980 Summer Olympics.-References:...
- weightlifting - Leszek Skorupa
- fencing - Barbara Wysoczańska
- 1976 - InnsbruckInnsbruck- Main sights :- Buildings :*Golden Roof*Kaiserliche Hofburg *Hofkirche with the cenotaph of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor*Altes Landhaus...
- ice-hockey - Kordian Jajszczok
- 1980 - MoscowMoscowMoscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
- fencing - Barbara WysoczańskaBarbara WysoczańskaBarbara Wysoczańska is a Polish fencer. She won a bronze medal in the women's individual foil event at the 1980 Summer Olympics.-References:...
- fencing - Barbara Wysoczańska
Politics
The President of Świętochłowice is Dawid Kostempski from Platforma Obywatelska. He was elected in 2010.Notable people
- Ewald CebulaEwald CebulaEdward Cebula was a Polish football player and defender...
- footballer - Krzysztof Hanke - actor, satiric
- Salomon MorelSalomon MorelSalomon Morel was a Polish Communist official and an accused war criminal. After the end of World War II, he became the commander of the infamous Zgoda labour camp...
- commendant of Zgoda labour campZgoda labour campThe Zgoda labour camp was a concentration camp for Germans, Silesians and Poles, set up in 1945 by the Soviet NKVD in Świętochłowice, Silesia. It was controlled by the communist secret police until its closure by the Stalinist authorities of Poland in November of the same year.Between 1943 and... - Teodor PeterekTeodor PeterekTeodor Peterek , a Polish soccer player from interwar period, forward, represented Ruch Chorzów and Polish National Team...
- footballer - Paweł Waloszek - motorcycle speedway rider
Twin towns - Sister cities
Świętochłowice is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Heiloo
Heiloo
Heiloo is a municipality and town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The community is part of the cooperation region Kennemerland and is located in the historical region of West Friesland....
, Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
Nový Jičín
Nový Jicín
Nový Jičín is a town in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has ca. 26,500 inhabitants. The city is situated on the spurs of the Carpathian Mountains about from the Czech Republic's 3rd biggest city, Ostrava...
, Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
Laa an der Thaya
Laa an der Thaya
Laa an der Thaya is a town in Lower Austria, Austria near the Czech border. The population in 2001 was 6137.In June 2005, about 250 townspeople and 80 visitors from the US, Israel and Europe with historical family links to former Jewish citizens of Laa an der Thaya assembledwith Mayor Fass to...
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Tiszaújváros
Tiszaújváros
Tiszaújváros is an industrial town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, south-east of Miskolc, near the river Tisza.Tiszaújváros owes its existence to the industrialization wave that took over the then-socialist Hungary after World War II...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
Rimavská Sobota
Rimavská Sobota
Rimavská Sobota is a town in southern Slovakia, in the Banská Bystrica Region, on the Rimava river. It has 24,374 inhabitants . The town is a historical capital of the Gömör-Kishont county .-Geography:...
, Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...