Tarnogsky District
Encyclopedia
Tarnogsky District is an administrative district (raion
), one of the twenty-six
in Vologda Oblast
, Russia
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Tarnogsky Municipal District. It is located in the northeast of the oblast
and borders with Ustyansky District
of Arkhangelsk Oblast
in the north, Nyuksensky District
in the east, Totemsky District
in the south, and Verkhovazhsky District
in the west. The area of the district is 5200 square kilometres (2,007.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Tarnogsky Gorodok
. District's population: 15,363 (2002 Census
); Population of Tarnogsky Gorodok accounts for 36.1% of the district's population.
and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic
. The Novgorod Merchants used the Sukhona River
as one of the main waterways leading to the White Sea
and the Pechora
. Already in 12th century, Totma
and the surrounding areas were under the control of Novgorod. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
. Tarnogsky Gorodok has been first mentioned in the chronicles in 1453. The area produced crops, and the Kokshenga and the Vaga were used to transport bread to Arkhangelsk.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great the area was included into Vazhsky Uyezd of Archangelgorod Governorate
. In 1780, the governorate was abolished, and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
. The latter was abolished in 1796, and the part of it which included Tarnogsky Gorodok was made Vologda Governorate
. The area became part of Totemsky Volost in the center in Totma. In 1890s, Tarnogsky Gorodok became the center of Shevdenitskaya Volost.
On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai
, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Kokshengsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Tarnogsky Gorodok was established as part of Vologda Okrug. It included parts of the former area of Totemsky Uyezd. July 30, 1931 Kokshengsky District and the neighboring Sukhonsky District were abolished, and Nyuksensky District
with the center in the selo of Nyuksenitsa
was established. On January 25, 1935 Tarnogsky District with the administrative center in Tarnogsky Gorodok was established frome some areas formerly in Nyuksensky and Totemsky District
s. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Tarnogsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since with the exception of the short period 1962-1965, when some of the districts were merged.
and the Vaga River
and belongs thus to the Northern Dvina river basin. The Sukhona forms the southeastern border of the district. The northeastern part drains into the Uftyuga River
, the left tributary of the Sukhona. The Uftyuga, as well as its main tributary, the Sulonga, flow through the district. The central, northern, and wester parts of the district flow into the Kokshenga River
, the right tributary of the Vaga. The main tributaries of the Kokshenga within the district are the Ileza and the Uftyuga (a different one from the tributary of the Sukhona).
Almost the whole of the district is covered by coniferous forests (taiga
). The exception are the meadows in the floodplain
s.
in Arkhangelsk Oblast
in the north with Totma
in the south and Veliky Ustyug
in the east. A short stretch of the road connecting Vologda
and Veliky Ustyg runs within the limits of the district along the left bank of the Sukhona. There also local roads in the district. There is regular passenger bus service originating from Tarnogsky Gorodok.
The Sukhona is navigable within the district, however, there is no passenger navigation.
Tarnogsky Gorodok was served by the Tarnogsky Gorodok Airport which is currently defunct.
The objects protected at the federal level are
The only state museum in the District is the Museum of Traditional Folk Culture in Tarnogsky Gorodok. The ethnographic department of the museum is located in the selo of Zarechye.
Artist Dzhanna Tutundzhan lived in the village of Sergiyevskaya from 1960s until her death in 2011, and many of her canvasses were inspired by the surrounding landscapes.
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
), one of the twenty-six
Administrative divisions of Vologda Oblast
Administratively, Vologda Oblast is divided into four cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-six districts.In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Vytegorsky District ....
in Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is Vologda. The largest city is Cherepovets.Vologda Oblast is rich in historic monuments, such as the magnificent Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Convent , medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, baroque...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Tarnogsky Municipal District. It is located in the northeast of the oblast
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
and borders with Ustyansky District
Ustyansky District
Ustyansky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ustyansky Municipal District...
of Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
in the north, Nyuksensky District
Nyuksensky District
Nyuksensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Nyuksensky Municipal District...
in the east, Totemsky District
Totemsky District
Totemsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Totemsky Municipal District...
in the south, and Verkhovazhsky District
Verkhovazhsky District
Verkhovazhsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Verkhovazhsky Municipal District...
in the west. The area of the district is 5200 square kilometres (2,007.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Tarnogsky Gorodok
Tarnogsky Gorodok
Tarnogsky Gorodok is a rural locality and the administrative center of Tarnogsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Kokshenga River, at the confluence with the Tarnoga River. It also serves as the administrative center of Tarnogsky Selsoviet, one of the thirteen...
. District's population: 15,363 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); Population of Tarnogsky Gorodok accounts for 36.1% of the district's population.
History
The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoplesFinno-Ugric peoples
The Finno-Ugric peoples are any of several peoples of Europe who speak languages of the proposed Finno-Ugric language family, such as the Finns, Estonians, Mordvins, and Hungarians...
and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod...
. The Novgorod Merchants used the Sukhona River
Sukhona River
The Sukhona is a river in the European pert of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The course of the Sukhona lies in Ust-Kubinsky, Sokolsky, Mezhdurechensky, Totemsky, Tarnogsky, Nyuksensky, and Velikoustyugsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its...
as one of the main waterways leading to the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
and the Pechora
Pechora River
The Pechora River is a river in northwest Russia which flows north into the Arctic Ocean on the west side of the Ural Mountains. It lies mostly in the Komi Republic but the northernmost part crosses the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It is 1,809 km long and its basin is 322,000 square kilometers...
. Already in 12th century, Totma
Totma
Totma is a town and the administrative center of Totemsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,, located on the left bank of the Sukhona River at the confluence with the Pesya Denga River. Municipally, it is incorporated as Totemskoe Urban Settlement in Totemsky Municipal District. Population:...
and the surrounding areas were under the control of Novgorod. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow or Grand Principality of Moscow, also known in English simply as Muscovy , was a late medieval Rus' principality centered on Moscow, and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia....
. Tarnogsky Gorodok has been first mentioned in the chronicles in 1453. The area produced crops, and the Kokshenga and the Vaga were used to transport bread to Arkhangelsk.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great the area was included into Vazhsky Uyezd of Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate , or the Government of Archangelgorod, was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1708 until 1780. Its seat was in Archangel...
. In 1780, the governorate was abolished, and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796.The viceroyalty was established by a decree of Catherine II on , 1780...
. The latter was abolished in 1796, and the part of it which included Tarnogsky Gorodok was made Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate
The Vologda Governorate or Government of Vologda was a guberniya in the historical northern region of the European part of Russian Empire.In its size it was second right after the neighboring Archangelgorod Governorate...
. The area became part of Totemsky Volost in the center in Totma. In 1890s, Tarnogsky Gorodok became the center of Shevdenitskaya Volost.
On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai
Northern Krai
Northern Krai was a krai of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1936. Its seat was in the city of Arkhangelsk...
, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Kokshengsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Tarnogsky Gorodok was established as part of Vologda Okrug. It included parts of the former area of Totemsky Uyezd. July 30, 1931 Kokshengsky District and the neighboring Sukhonsky District were abolished, and Nyuksensky District
Nyuksensky District
Nyuksensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Nyuksensky Municipal District...
with the center in the selo of Nyuksenitsa
Nyuksenitsa
Nyuksenitsa is a rural locality and the administrative center of Nyuksensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Sukhona River. It also serves as the administrative center of Beryozovsky and Nyuksensky Selsoviets, two of the eleven selsoviets into which the district...
was established. On January 25, 1935 Tarnogsky District with the administrative center in Tarnogsky Gorodok was established frome some areas formerly in Nyuksensky and Totemsky District
Totemsky District
Totemsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Totemsky Municipal District...
s. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Tarnogsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since with the exception of the short period 1962-1965, when some of the districts were merged.
Location and geography
The district is located at the divide between the Sukhona RiverSukhona River
The Sukhona is a river in the European pert of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The course of the Sukhona lies in Ust-Kubinsky, Sokolsky, Mezhdurechensky, Totemsky, Tarnogsky, Nyuksensky, and Velikoustyugsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its...
and the Vaga River
Vaga River
The Vaga is a river in Totemsky, Syamzhensky, and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and in Velsky, Shenkursky, and Vinogradovsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left and the biggest tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The length of the river is . The area of its basin...
and belongs thus to the Northern Dvina river basin. The Sukhona forms the southeastern border of the district. The northeastern part drains into the Uftyuga River
Uftyuga River (Sukhona)
The Uftyuga is a river in Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Tarnogsky and Nyuksensky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Sukhona River. The river is long. The area of its basin is...
, the left tributary of the Sukhona. The Uftyuga, as well as its main tributary, the Sulonga, flow through the district. The central, northern, and wester parts of the district flow into the Kokshenga River
Kokshenga River
The Kokshenga is a river in Tarnogsky District of Vologda Oblast and Ustyansky and Velsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Ustya River and thus belongs to the Northern Dvina river basin. The length of the river is . The area of its basin...
, the right tributary of the Vaga. The main tributaries of the Kokshenga within the district are the Ileza and the Uftyuga (a different one from the tributary of the Sukhona).
Almost the whole of the district is covered by coniferous forests (taiga
Taiga
Taiga , also known as the boreal forest, is a biome characterized by coniferous forests.Taiga is the world's largest terrestrial biome. In North America it covers most of inland Canada and Alaska as well as parts of the extreme northern continental United States and is known as the Northwoods...
). The exception are the meadows in the floodplain
Floodplain
A floodplain, or flood plain, is a flat or nearly flat land adjacent a stream or river that stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls and experiences flooding during periods of high discharge...
s.
Industry
The economy of the district is based on timber industry. Food industry is also present, in particular, a butter factory in Tarnogsky Gorodok and a food factory in the selo of Krasnoye.Agriculture
There are sixteen farms in the district, thirteen of them produce milk, two produce meat, and one produces eggs.Transport
Tarnogsky Gorodok is on the paved road connecting OktyabrskyOktyabrsky, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Oktyabrsky , is an urban locality and the administrative center of Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Ustya River. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Oktyabrskoye Urban Settlement, the only urban settlement in the district...
in Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
in the north with Totma
Totma
Totma is a town and the administrative center of Totemsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,, located on the left bank of the Sukhona River at the confluence with the Pesya Denga River. Municipally, it is incorporated as Totemskoe Urban Settlement in Totemsky Municipal District. Population:...
in the south and Veliky Ustyug
Veliky Ustyug
Veliky Ustyug is a town in the northeast of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Sukhona and Yug Rivers. Administratively, it is incorporated as a town of oblast significance . It also serves as the administrative center of Velikoustyugsky District, by which it is completely...
in the east. A short stretch of the road connecting Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
and Veliky Ustyg runs within the limits of the district along the left bank of the Sukhona. There also local roads in the district. There is regular passenger bus service originating from Tarnogsky Gorodok.
The Sukhona is navigable within the district, however, there is no passenger navigation.
Tarnogsky Gorodok was served by the Tarnogsky Gorodok Airport which is currently defunct.
Culture and recreation
The district contains four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by the Russian Federal law, and additionally 123 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance. Most of these are wooden farms and churches built prior to 1917.The objects protected at the federal level are
- The Potsky Pogost, in the village of Kaplinskaya, consisting of the wooden St. George Church (1700) and the brickstone St. Iliya Church (1858). The wooden church was moved to the Semyonkovo Open Air Museum, whereas the brickstone church is very much neglected;
- The All Saints Church in the village of Baklanovskoye (18th century), no longer exists.
The only state museum in the District is the Museum of Traditional Folk Culture in Tarnogsky Gorodok. The ethnographic department of the museum is located in the selo of Zarechye.
Artist Dzhanna Tutundzhan lived in the village of Sergiyevskaya from 1960s until her death in 2011, and many of her canvasses were inspired by the surrounding landscapes.