Tigbauan, Iloilo
Encyclopedia
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
. According to the 2007 census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, it has a population of 54,574 people.
Barangays
Tigbauan is politically subdivided into 52 barangayBarangay
A barangay is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district or ward...
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History
Tigbauan was the site where American forces code-named Victorino I, landed on March 18, 1945 together and forever with the Philippine Commonwealth troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army's 61st, 62nd and 63rd Infantry Division and the Philippine Constabulary's 6th Infantry Regiment to begin the liberation of Panay. The troops set out from Lingayen Gulf, Luzon on March 14. The 185th Infantry, 40th Division, splashed ashore at Tigbauan, several miles west of Iloilo. There they were greeted by Army Col. Macario L. Peralta's Filipino guerrillas and continued with the Philippine Commonwealth troops drawn up in parade formation. General Eichelberger recalled in his memoirs how the guerrillas stood "stiff in starched khaki and resplendent with ornaments." The strong guerrilla force of 23,000 had secured most of the island' except the area immediately around Iloilo where 2,750 Japanese were ensconced. The 40th Division quickly swept through the Japanese outposts and then drove the Japanese from the city in two days. Again the Japanese withdrew after the initial fighting into the inaccessible mountain jungles. In the fighting, the Americans lost 20 men, the Filipinos lost 42 men, and the Japanese 80. Responsibility for mopping up was turned over to the Filipino guerrillas and the 2d Battalion, 160th Infantry. Some 1,500 Japanese later surrendered at the end of the war. Because General MacArthur planned to stage two divisions from Iloilo for the invasion of Japan, engineers began repairing the local airfield and starting base construction at once.Socio Economic
The Municipality of Tigbauan a component town of the Province of Iloilo is a public corporation with dual function. Firstly it is functioning as apolitical government; and secondly, it is carrying out the function of the community in the administration of local affairs. It has fifty-two (52) component barangays, nine (9) of which are situated in the poblacion and the rests are scattered around the poblacion and spread up to the boundaries of the Municipalities of Oton, San Miguel, Tubungan, Leon and Guimbal.Boto luluTransportation
Public utility jeepneys are the most common means of transportation which serve the needs of the riding public. However, with the introduction of tricycles, commuters from nearby barangays prefer to utilize them for convenience, thus dislodging the jeepneys from their routine of operation. Hence, most jeepneys simply ply the Tigbauan- Iloilo route. Franchise for tricycles and plate no. for trisikads are secured from the Local Government UnitPolitical Subdivision
Tigbauan is the second municipality to be visited among the 1st district of the Province of Iloilo. It has 52 barangays with ten (10) barangays situated along the Poblacion and 10 along the coastal area. It is the 3rd largest town in terms of population and land area of the seven municipalities composing the 1st district.Land Area
Of the total 8,889 has. 93.78% is devoted to agriculture and allied activities. Of this area, 1,077 has. are planted with coconut while 4,554 has. with rice and 19 has. are devoted to fishpond. Around 60 has. are located to urban uses are residential, commercial, and institutional.Land Use Classification
* Urban Land Use Area (has.) Percentage* Residential 46.719 20.199%
* Institutional 7.875 3.405%·
* Commercial 2.031 0.878%·
* Industrial 0.643 0.278%·
* Parks and Open Space 32.526 14.063%
* Infrastructure/Utilities 17.044 7.369%
* Agriculture 91.921 39.742%
*
* Total 258.759
General Land Use
* Built-up 139.589 1.570%* Agricultural 8, 366.070 93.780%
* Forest -0- ·
* Industrial 2.163 0.024%
* Grassland 32.526 0.366%
* Infrastructure Utilities 94.152 1.059%
*
* Total 8, 635.13
Education
Tigbauan has 16 complete elementary ( public schools ), 1 private school, 5 primary schools, 45 Day Care Centers, 8 National High (Secondary) Schools, 4 private preparatory schools, 1 Catholic Kindergarten school. Schools are encouraged to establish and maintain biological/ vegetable garden and participate in the coastal and environmental clean up and tree planting.Topography
The Municipality has flat terrain. The plain is approximately 57%of the total area, covering about 6,667 has. along the Northwest site of the Sibalom River. Along the boundaries of Guimbal, Leon and Tubungan are rolling hills covering an area, of about 1,518 has. The Municipality has no forest cover. The highest point is 200 meters above sea level and lowest is one (1) meter above sea level. The town has two main rivers, Sibalom and Tacuyong River. The first originates from the mountain portion of Panay passing the town of Leon and snaking through the barangays of Cordova Norte and Cordova Sur, Bitas and Bagumbayan, the western portion of the poblacion and empties into the Panay Gulf. The second emanates from the junction of Brgy. San Rafael, Binaliuan Menor, Nagba, Dorong-an and joins the Sibalom River in the Southern potion of the Poblacion. Aside from the rivers, there are creeks and natural springs, which could be a good source of water supply and could also be used as natural drainage.Soil
Based on morphological studies, Tigbauan has four (4) types of soil namely; Sta Rita Clay, Lamingan fine sand loam, Alimodian clay loam, and Alimodian silt loam. With these types of soil and slope category, a total area of 1,077 has. is devoted to coconut while the rest of the rolling hills are planted with root crops, bamboos, corn and fruit trees such as mangoes, etc. a large volume of these produce are for local consumption while the excess are sold in the market or in the neighboring towns.Climate and Rainfall
The Municipality has two seasons, the wet and the dry: the first, starts early June and ends early November while the second, starts early of November and ends in the month of May. Influenced by these two seasons, the municipality has two basic industries- Agriculture and Fishing.Fishery
Tigbauan ranks as one among the leading municipality of Iloilo in fish production. The municipal waters bounds with best quality of fish and most potable species. The ten coastal barangays of Barroc, Atabayan, Baguingin, Namocon, Tan Pael, Brgy. No. 8, Brgy. 9, Parara Norte, Parara Sur and Buyu-an, produce more fish than the residents can consume. Thus, surplus is sold to the city of Iloilo or to Manila where price is better. Small once are converted to fish mill and small shrimps called ‘Hipon” are made into bagoong or simply dried as kalkag. The latest survey showed that barangays Barroc, Atabayan and Baguingin produced less than 2,000 tons of fish mill and bagoong and were sold to fish millers and poultry raiser in the province. The bulk of the products arte shipped to Cebu and Manila. Dried small shrimps “kalkag” are exported to Japan and other Asian counties. Others are sold locally, in Cebu, Mindanao, and in Luzon Provinces.The Legend of Tigbauan
The Maragtas Legend tells us, that in the 12th century, ten (10) Bornean datus or chieftains left their homeland in the island of Borneo.In order to escape the cruel tyranny of their king, Sultan Makatunaw, they sailed towards the north in their long boats called “balang-hais or barangays.”
They landed here on the island of Panay, in order to live a life of unrestricted freedom.
The ten (10) Bornean datus or chieftains were led by Datu Puti. They bought the island of Panay from Datu Marikudo, the native chieftains of the Aetas or Negritos. For Panay Island, they paid Datu Marikudo with one (1) golden salakot (head gear), and one (1) gold necklace for his wife Maniwantiwan. ( The Aetas or Negritos then went to live in the mountains.)
After the purchase of Panay, it was divided among three (3) Bornean chieftains, namely: Datu Sumakwel for Hamtik (Antique); Datu Bankaya for Aklan-Capiz; and Datu Paiburong for Irong-irong (Iloilo). Datu Puti and the rest of the Bornean Chieftains left for Luzon.
Population increased mostly in the Siruwagan area (presently located in San Joaquin, Iloilo), were most of the Borneans settled down.
And so, families from the tribes of Labing-isog and Mangwalis decided to settle elsewhere in Panay. They sailed in their long boats, and followed the course of the rising sun.
They landed on a place which they immediately called “Katigbawan” because of the thick growth of a species of giant grass or tall reeds on this place, known to them in their native dialect as “tigbaw”. The famous Spanish Jesuit Historian Fray Pedro Chirino, SJ, called this place “CAMPO DE SUARAGA” (a field of reeds).
The Maragtas Legend identified “KATIGBAWAN,” (a field of reeds) as an between a big creek, now known as Buyu-an Creek, in the southwest, and two big rivers in the northeast, now known as the Tacuyong and Sibalom Rivers. ( This area being identified and referred to, is known and occupied by Barangay Parara Sur and Barangay Parara Norte in Tigbauan, Iloilo.)
A form of local government was functioning well in “Katigbawan”, when the Spaniards discovered it sometime in 1575. That year (1575), the Spaniards came from their Administrative Center in La Villa Rica de Arevalo, and established the “Pueblo de Tigbauan”, having shortened “Katigbawan” to its present name-the town of Tigbauan, in the Province of Iloilo.
The Spaniards later transferred the administrative seat or Poblacion of the “Pueblo de Tigbauan,” from Parara to its present location.
And so, the town of Tigbauan, in the Province of Iloilo, was named after the giant grass or tall reeds known as “tigbaw” in our dialect, which is a legacy from the freedom-loving Borneans who settled Panay Island. (Note: The “tigbaw” or tall reeds are still growing luxuriantly along riverbanks in this town.)
Saludan Festival
Saludan came from the word salud or salud. Tigbauan is coastal town its sea water abounds in different kinds of fish. An excerpt from a book, “The Philippine Islands,” by Blair and Robertson; 1493. 1898; Vol. XII, pp. 217, 219-220 of which Fr. Pedro Chirino related his experience and observations about our town states that, “The village itself was on the same shore, at the mouth of the river, of which I myself have enjoyed in abundance. As they were continually fishing on the beach, usually with three or four nets, they never made a haul without devoutly is regaling us with a part of it”.Since the beginning of recorded history-Spanish time, our fishermen have used nets or woven bamboos to catch fish from the sea or river and in the local dialect we call this salud.
On the other hand, aside from our winter resources, our forests, farmers and hills also abound in rich natural resources.
The book further states; “Tigbauan has a very beautiful district with many villages extending more than six leagues along the coast of the sea; the entire district is well supplied with game, fruits, and vegetables and fish from the sea. The people are very industrious and always pre-occupied the men with their fisheries and farming, the women with their spinning and weaving…”Primarily our farm product is rice. Whether crude farming ways and tools or modern agricultural machineries are used we use the term salud. In threshing rice using the old method or the modern equipment – kita nagasalud man gihapon. Our tuba is famous for its sweetness and as practiced and tuba ginasalud kang salud. Thus, the Saludan Festival is born.
Adlaw sang Tigbauan
The former Lady Mayor of Tigbauan, Hon. Myrna M. Torres, has envisioned Tigbauan to be a peaceful and progressive town. As a mayor she instills in the minds of every Tigbaueño to love this town and to cherish its rich historical legacy. During her first term in 1998 she signed an Executive Order declaring the third Friday of October every as the “Adlaw sang Tigbauan”. The assigning of October as the month where the “Adlaw Sang Tigbauan” falls is very significant.History tells us that because of the increase in population in Sirawagan area (the place where the Bornean datus settled), the families from the tribes of Labing-Isog and Mangwalis sought for greener pasture. Following the course of the rising sun they landed in the place which they called “Katigbawan” because of the plentiful growth of giant grasses known to them as “tigbaw”. This place was said to be Parara by word of mouth handed down from generation to generation, it is believed that the families of Labing-Isog and Mangwalis reached the place when the native feasted for bountiful rice.
To the present time, the season for gathering rice crop is mostly in October. During this time of the year the fishermen also rejoice for a bountiful sea catch. Thus, “Adlaw Sang Tigbauan” is celebrated in October. To make this day more significant, the “Saludan Festival" was lunch.
Tigbauan, is one of Iloilo's treasure trove, packed with "gems" from more than a millennium of historical significance. With one foot in the past, and the other in the present, Tigbauan allows every visitor a glimpse of its heady blend of architectural masterpieces and natural wonder, the town's 134 years of history are on display when you look.
Formerly known as "Katigbawan" (field of reeds), Tigbauan is a fourth-class town 22.5 kilometers from Iloilo City. Its geographical position make it part of the First District clusters of towns in the province. Occupying the southern part of the province, it is bordered in the north by Leon, San Miguel in the northwest, in the east by Oton, the Iloilo Strait in the south and west by Guimbal.
Its total area is 6,062 hectares. Flat terrain account for 75 percent of that figure, with 94% devoted to agriculture.
The town delights its St. John of Sahagun Parish. Constructed using forced labor under Fray Florencio Martin in 1867, its beautiful baroque facade in rococo finish, allow visitors a glimpse of the community's intense spirituality. The church's remarkable architecture with its façade and tower, survived the ravages of the Second World War and the great earthquake in 1948. Presently, the mystical beauty of its altar depicts heaven and Dante's Inferno; the church walls with the Way of the cross, all done in intricate mosaic of colored stones is a sight not to be missed. On its churchyard remained a marker of what used to be the site of the first Jesuit boarding school for boys in the Philippines established in 1592 and renowned that time for their liturgical music during church services.
Relatively unknown to most Ilonggos, the beach in Barangay Parara was the landing site of America's 40th Infantry Division to liberate Panay and Romblon during the Second World War on March 18, 1945. The same area became the landing site in the 13th century of the descendants of the Bornean Datus.
Although relatively small, Tigbauan is one of Iloilo's leading towns in fish production. Its municipal waters, abundant with fish are oftentimes producing more than what residents can consume. Three of from its ten coastal barangays namely, Barroc, Atabayan and Bangingin are engaged in bagoong production and are shipped and sold in Manila, Cebu and Mindanao areas. Dried small shrimps or hipon are exported as far as Japan and other ASEAN regions. The presence of SEAFDEC (Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
The Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center is an autonomous intergovernmental body established as a regional treaty organization in 1967 to promote fisheries development in Southeast Asia...
) in Barangay Buyu-an, complete with amenities and facilities, caters information and technical service on bangus and prawn culture.
Although Tigbauan is a fourth-class town, those who want in on the action head straight for the adjacent barangays a few meters away from the town's poblacion. Coco-Grove, Sunflower and Sol Y Mar beach resorts embrace the playground of the tanned and in high spirits.
Municipal Officials
- Mayor: Hon. James Excelsior M. Torres
- Vice Mayor: Hon. Roel Jarina
- SB Members:
- Hon. Suzette T. Alquisada
- Hon. Dennis T. Valencia
- Hon. Alfonso T. Babiera
- Hon. Agaton O. Tumabotabo
- Hon. Jose Donel T. Transporto
- Hon. Elmer T.Torrato.
- Hon. Loreta L.Arias
- Hon. Marlon Terunez
- Liga. Pres. Orvillo Tangente
- SKMF Pres. LLea A. Torreflores