Timeline of Cypriot history - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

This is a timeline of Cypriot
Cyprus
Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...

history. To read about the background to these events, see History of Cyprus

History of Cyprus

-Prehistory:Cyprus was settled by humans in the Paleolithic period who coexisted with various dwarf animal species, such as dwarf elephants and pygmy hippos well into the Holocene...

. See also the list of presidents of Cyprus.

This timeline is incomplete; some important events may be missing. Please help add to it.

Prehistory

Year	Period	Event
9000 BC	Aceramic Neolithic	The first known human evidence - Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Pre-Pottery Neolithic B is a division of the Neolithic developed by Dame Kathleen Kenyon during her archaeological excavations at Jericho in the southern Levant region.... . Introduced dogs, sheep, goats and deer to the island. Worlds earliest wells.
6000 BC	Aceramic Neolithic	The Choirokoitia Culture blooms with continued developments in farming. Lithic industry.
4500 BC	Ceramic Neolithic Neolithic The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...	There is an influx of newcomers to the island. House designs begin to move to square sides from roundhouses.
3800 BC	Neolithic II	Just as the Sotira culture begins a massive earthquake destroys much of the islands infrastructure and population.
3500 BC	Chalcolithic	The emergence of metalworking and Copper.
2400 BC	Early and Middle Bronze Age Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age...	Philia culture, house sizes increased and towns well organised. Emergence of defense fortresses and an influx of new people, mainly Anatolian. Cattle reintroduced.
1500 BC	Late Bronze Age Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age... (LBA)	Egyptian Pharaoh Thutmose III claimed Cyprus and imposed a tax on the island.
1300 BC	LBA	Cypriots own language developed, Cypro-Minoan syllabary Cypro-Minoan syllabary The Cypro-Minoan syllabary is an undeciphered syllabic script used on the island of Cyprus during the Late Bronze Age . The term "Cypro-Minoan" was coined by Sir Arthur Evans in 1909 based on its visual similarity to Linear A on Minoan Crete, which CM is thought to be derived from... , ruled by the Hittites, Ugarit and Egyptians. Horned altars.
1200 BC	LBA	Own writing developed, Cypro-Minoan script, increase in Mycenaean pottery production.

10th century BC

Year	Date	Event
1000 BC	Iron Age	Emergence of the City States and eventually the Ten City States.

9th century BC

Year	Date	Event
		.

8th century BC

Year	Date	Event
709 BC		The lands of Cyprus were conquered and unified by the Neo-Assyrian Empire under Sargon II Sargon II Sargon II was an Assyrian king. Sargon II became co-regent with Shalmaneser V in 722 BC, and became the sole ruler of the kingdom of Assyria in 722 BC after the death of Shalmaneser V. It is not clear whether he was the son of Tiglath-Pileser III or a usurper unrelated to the royal family... .

7th century BC

Year	Date	Event
669 BC		The ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus The ten city-kingdoms of ancient Cyprus were the Greek, Graeco-Phoenician or Graeco-Eteocypriot, states listed in an inscription of the Assyrian king Esarhaddon in 673-672 BC:Paphos, Πάφος Salamis, Σαλαμίς *Soloi, Σόλοι... declared their independence from Assyrian rule.

6th century BC

Year	Date	Event
570 BC		Cyprus was conquered by the Egyptians Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh... under Amasis II Amasis II Amasis II or Ahmose II was a pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt, the successor of Apries at Sais. He was the last great ruler of Egypt before the Persian conquest.-Life:... .
526 BC		Amasis Amasis II Amasis II or Ahmose II was a pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt, the successor of Apries at Sais. He was the last great ruler of Egypt before the Persian conquest.-Life:... died. His son Psammetichus III Psammetichus III Psamtik III was the last Pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt from 526 BC to 525 BC. Most of what is known about his reign and life was documented by the Greek historian Herodotus in the 5th century... succeeded him as pharaoh Pharaoh Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. The title originates in the term "pr-aa" which means "great house" and describes the royal palace... .
525 BC		The kingdoms of Cyprus pledged allegiance to Cambyses II Cambyses II of Persia Cambyses II son of Cyrus the Great , was a king of kings of the Achaemenid Empire. Cambyses's grandfather was Cambyses I, king of Anshan. Following Cyrus the Great's conquest of the Near East and Central Asia, Cambyses II further expanded the empire into Egypt during the Late Period by defeating... of the Achaemenid Persian Empire Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation... in anticipation of his invasion of Egypt Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh... .
525 BC		Battle of Pelusium (525 BC) Battle of Pelusium (525 BC) The Battle of Pelusium, was the first major battle between the Achaemenid Empire, and Egypt. This decisive battle transferred the throne of the Pharaohs to Cambyses II of Persia, king of the Persians. It was fought near Pelusium in 525 B.C.E... : The Persian Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation... army wiped out the Egyptian Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh... army at Pelusium Pelusium Pelusium was a city in the eastern extremes of Egypt's Nile Delta, 30 km to the southeast of the modern Port Said. Alternative names include Sena and Per-Amun , Pelousion , Sin , Seyân , and Tell el-Farama... .

5th century BC

Year	Date	Event
499 BC 499 BC Year 499 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aebutius and Cicurinus...		Ionian Revolt Ionian Revolt The Ionian Revolt, and associated revolts in Aeolis, Doris, Cyprus and Caria, were military rebellions by several regions of Asia Minor against Persian rule, lasting from 499 BC to 493 BC... : Aristagoras Aristagoras Aristagoras was the leader of Miletus in the late 6th century BC and early 5th century BC.- Background :Aristagoras served as deputy governor of Miletus, a polis on the western coast of Anatolia around 500 BC. He was the son of Molpagoras, and son-in-law of Histiaeus, whom the Persians had set up... , the appointed tyrant of Miletus Miletus Miletus was an ancient Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia , near the mouth of the Maeander River in ancient Caria... , rebelled against Persian Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation... rule.
		Ionian Revolt: With the support of Athens Classical Athens The city of Athens during the classical period of Ancient Greece was a notable polis of Attica, Greece, leading the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and the Peloponnesian League. Athenian democracy was established in 508 BC under Cleisthenes following the tyranny of Hippias... and Eretria Eretria Erétria was a polis in Ancient Greece, located on the western coast of the island of Euboea, south of Chalcis, facing the coast of Attica across the narrow Euboean Gulf. Eretria was an important Greek polis in the 6th/5th century BC. However, it lost its importance already in antiquity... , Aristagoras Aristagoras Aristagoras was the leader of Miletus in the late 6th century BC and early 5th century BC.- Background :Aristagoras served as deputy governor of Miletus, a polis on the western coast of Anatolia around 500 BC. He was the son of Molpagoras, and son-in-law of Histiaeus, whom the Persians had set up... captured Sardis Sardis Sardis or Sardes was an ancient city at the location of modern Sart in Turkey's Manisa Province... , the capital of the Persian Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation... satrapy of Lydia Lydia (satrapy) Lydia was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire, with Sardis as its capital. Tabalus, appointed by Cyrus the Great was the first satrap , however, his rule did not last long as the Lydians revolted. The insurrection was suppressed by general Mazares and his successor Harpagus. After Cyrus' death,... .
		Ionian Revolt: The kingdoms of Cyprus joined the revolt.
498 BC 498 BC Year 498 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Siculus and Flavus...		Ionian Revolt: The Persian Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation... army reestablished control over Cyprus.
450 BC		Kition increased in importance.
450 BC		Phoenicia Phoenicia Phoenicia , was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550... n rulers established themselves in Salamis.
411 BC 411 BC Year 411 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Mugillanus and Rutilus...		The Teucrid Evagoras Evagoras Evagoras was the king of Salamis in Cyprus. The son of Nicocles, a previous king of Salamis, he claimed descent from Teucer, the son of Telamon and half-brother of Ajax, and his family had long been rulers of Salamis, although during his childhood Salamis came under Phoenician control, which... I regained the throne of Salamis Salamis, Cyprus Salamis was an ancient Greek city-state on the east coast of Cyprus, at the mouth of the river Pedieos, 6 km north of modern Famagusta. According to tradition the founder of Salamis was Teucer, son of Telamon, who could not return home after the Trojan war because he had failed to avenge his... .
400 BC		Evagoras attempted to establish himself as an independent ruler on Cyprus with Athenian Athens Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state... help.

4th century BC

Year	Date	Event
386 BC 386 BC Year 386 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Camillus, Cornelius, Fidenas, Cincinnatus, Pulvillus and Poplicola...		Under the Treaty of Antakidas, Persian rule over Cyprus was accepted by Athens Athens Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state... .
380 BC		Persia reconquered Cyprus.
351 BC 351 BC Year 351 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Peticus and Crispinus...		Pythagoras of Salamis and other Cypriot kings went over to Alexander The Great during the beginning of the siege of Tyre.
350 BC		A Cypriot rebellion began.
344 BC 344 BC Year 344 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rutilus and Torquatus...		The Cypriot rebellion was crushed by Artaxerxes Artaxerxes Artaxerxes may refer to:The throne name of several Achaemenid rulers of the 1st Persian Empire:* Artaxerxes I of Persia, Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 465–424 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I... .
332 BC 332 BC Year 332 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Calvinus and Arvina...		The siege of Tyre ended.
331 BC 331 BC Year 331 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Potitus and Marcellus...		Nicocreon Nicocreon Nicocreon was king of Salamis in Cyprus, at the time of Alexander the Great's expedition against Persia... began to rule.
325 BC 325 BC Year 325 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Camillus and Scaeva...		The Archaic and Classical Period ended.
310 BC		Nicocreon Nicocreon Nicocreon was king of Salamis in Cyprus, at the time of Alexander the Great's expedition against Persia... ended his rule.
310 BC		Menelaos was made satrap of Cyprus.
306 BC 306 BC Year 306 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Tremulus and Arvina...		Menelaos ended his time as satrap of Cyprus.
		Antigonus Antigonus I Monophthalmus Antigonus I Monophthalmus , son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian nobleman, general, and satrap under Alexander the Great. During his early life he served under Philip II, and he was a major figure in the Wars of the Diadochi after Alexander's death, declaring himself king in 306 BC and... began his rule.
301 BC 301 BC Year 301 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Dictatorship of Corvus...		Antigonus ended his rule.
		The Ptolemaic Lagid Dynasty began.

3rd century BC

Year	Date	Event

2nd century BC

Year	Date	Event
116 BC 116 BC Year 116 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Geta and Eburnus...		Cleopatra sent her son Ptolemy Philometor
109 BC 109 BC Year 109 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Numidicus and Silanus...		Cleopatra sent Alexander, her son and the brother of Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy IX Soter II or Lathyros was king of Egypt three times, from 116 BC to 110 BC, 109 BC to 107 BC and 88 BC to 81 BC, with intervening periods ruled by his brother, Ptolemy X Alexander.... , to Cyprus.
107 BC 107 BC Year 107 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ravilla and Marius...		Alexander returned from Cyprus and was made king of Egypt. Ptolemy campaigned in Palestine.

1st century BC

Year	Date	Event
58 BC 58 BC Year 58 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Piso and Gabinius...		Cyprus became a Roman province Roman province In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and, until the Tetrarchy , largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside of Italy... .
51 BC 51 BC Year 51 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Marcellus and Sulpicius...		Cyprus was placed under the rule of Cleopatra by Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.... .
30 BC		The Ptolemaic Lagid Dynasty ended.
30 BC		Cyprus reverted to Roman rule.

1st century

Year	Date	Event
45		Paul of Tarsus Paul of Tarsus Paul the Apostle , also known as Saul of Tarsus, is described in the Christian New Testament as one of the most influential early Christian missionaries, with the writings ascribed to him by the church forming a considerable portion of the New Testament... , St Barnabas and St Mark introduced Christianity Christianity Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings... to Cyprus and converted the Roman governor Sergius Paulus.

2nd century

Year	Date	Event
115		Kitos War Kitos War The Kitos War , translation: Rebellion of the exile) is the name given to the second of the Jewish–Roman wars. Major revolts by diasporic Jews in Cyrene , Cyprus, Mesopotamia and Aegyptus spiraled out of control resulting in a widespread slaughter of Roman citizens and others by the Jewish rebels... : A messianic Jewish revolt began which resulted in the massacre of 240,000 Cypriots. Trajan Trajan Trajan , was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117 AD. Born into a non-patrician family in the province of Hispania Baetica, in Spain Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian. Serving as a legatus legionis in Hispania Tarraconensis, in Spain, in 89 Trajan supported the emperor against... intervened to restore the peace and expelled the Jews Jews The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation... from Cyprus.
116		Kitos War: The revolt ended.

3rd century

Year	Date	Event

4th century

Year	Date	Event
335		The revolt of the usurper Calocaerus Calocaerus Calocaerus was a Roman usurper against Emperor Constantine I.Calocaerus was Magister pecoris camelorum in Cyprus. In 333–334 he revolted, proclaiming himself Emperor... was omated by Flavius Dalmatius Flavius Dalmatius Flavius Dalmatius , also known as Dalmatius the Censor, was a censor , and a member of the Constantinian dynasty, which ruled over the Roman Empire at the beginning of the 4th century.... .
350		Salamis was rebuilt by Constantius II Constantius II Constantius II , was Roman Emperor from 337 to 361. The second son of Constantine I and Fausta, he ascended to the throne with his brothers Constantine II and Constans upon their father's death.... , the son of Constantine, after being destroyed by earthquakes and was renamed Constantia.
395		Cyprus became part of the Byzantine Empire Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State... .

5th century

Year	Date	Event

6th century

Year	Date	Event

7th century

Year	Date	Event
647		The Arabs under Muawiya invaded and occupied Cyprus.
683		The Arab garrison was withdrawn after its defeat at the hands of Constantine IV.
688		Emperor Justinian II and Caliph al-Malik signed a treaty under whose terms no garrisons were to be stationed in the island, and all taxes collected were to be divided between the Arabs and the Emperor.

8th century

Year	Date	Event

9th century

Year	Date	Event

10th century

Year	Date	Event
965		Cyprus was restored to Byzantine rule by Nicepheros Phokas

11th century

Year	Date	Event

12th century

Year	Date	Event
1185		Cyprus became an independent Empire under Isaak Comnenus.
1192		Isaak Comnenus Isaac Komnenos of Cyprus Isaac Komnenos or Comnenus , was the ruler of Cyprus from 1184 to 1191, before Richard I's conquest during the Third Crusade.-Family:He was a minor member of the Komnenos family. He was son of an unnamed Doukas Kamateros and Irene Komnene... ended his reign.
		Richard I of England Richard I of England Richard I was King of England from 6 July 1189 until his death. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Count of Nantes, and Overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period... captured Cyprus on his way to Acre. The island was sold to the Templar Order Knights Templar The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon , commonly known as the Knights Templar, the Order of the Temple or simply as Templars, were among the most famous of the Western Christian military orders... , who in turn sold it to Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan was a Poitevin knight, son of Hugh VIII of the prominent Lusignan dynasty. He was king of the crusader state of Jerusalem from 1186 to 1192 by right of marriage to Sibylla of Jerusalem, and of Cyprus from 1192 to 1194... .
		Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan was a Poitevin knight, son of Hugh VIII of the prominent Lusignan dynasty. He was king of the crusader state of Jerusalem from 1186 to 1192 by right of marriage to Sibylla of Jerusalem, and of Cyprus from 1192 to 1194... and his descendants began to rule Cyprus as an independent kingdom.
1193		Altheides Altheides Altheides was a Cypriot philosopher, primarily known from sayings attributed to him in the works of others. Little is known about the wandering philosopher known as Altheides of Cyprus, and little of his work remains available to modern scholars. His parents were Greek merchants living on the... of Cyprus, the traveling philosopher, was born.

13th century

Year	Date	Event

14th century

Year	Date	Event

15th century

Year	Date	Event
1489		The descendants of Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan Guy of Lusignan was a Poitevin knight, son of Hugh VIII of the prominent Lusignan dynasty. He was king of the crusader state of Jerusalem from 1186 to 1192 by right of marriage to Sibylla of Jerusalem, and of Cyprus from 1192 to 1194... ended their rule of Cyprus.
1489		Cyprus became an overseas colony of the Venetian Republic after having been purchased from the last member of the Lusignan dynasty.

16th century

Year	Date	Event
1571		Cyprus ended its time as a Venetian colony.
		Having been put under siege the previous year, Famagusta Famagusta Famagusta is a city on the east coast of Cyprus and is capital of the Famagusta District. It is located east of Nicosia, and possesses the deepest harbour of the island.-Name:... was captured and Cyprus was subjected to Ottoman rule. The first Ottoman settlers arrived.
		The Ottomans took Famagusta; Cyprus became a part of the Ottoman Empire. Greeks on the island of Cyprus sided with Venetians to fight off the attacking Ottomans.
1572		A period began during which twenty eight bloody uprisings occurred.

17th century

Year	Date	Event
1625		The plague, which would claim over half the lives of Cyprus, appeared.
1668		The bloody uprisings ended.
1700		The plague ran its course.

18th century

Year	Date	Event

19th century

Year	Date	Event
1821		The Cypriots sided with Greece in a revolt against Turkish rule. The island's leading churchmen and notables were executed as punishment. 20,000 Christians fled the island.
1869		The Suez Canal Suez Canal The Suez Canal , also known by the nickname "The Highway to India", is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigation... opened.
1878	12 July	British occupation began. The British took over the administration of the island, by mutual agreement, in order to protect their sea route to India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world... via the Suez Canal Suez Canal The Suez Canal , also known by the nickname "The Highway to India", is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigation... . In exchange, Britain agreed to help Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... against future Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... n attacks.
1878	22 July	Sir Garnet Joseph Wolseley became Crown commissioner.
1879		Sir Robert Biddulph became Crown commissioner.
1886		Sir Henry Ernest Bulwer became Crown commissioner.
1892		Sir Walter Sendall became Crown commissioner.
1898		Sir William Frederick Haynes Smith became Crown commissioner.

20th century

Year	Date	Event
1904		Sir Charles King-Harman became Crown commissioner.
1911		Sir Hamilton Goold-Adams became Crown commissioner.
1914		Britain United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom during the period when what is now the Republic of Ireland formed a part of it.... annexed Cyprus in response to Turkey's alliance with Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... and Austro-Hungary in World War I World War I World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918... .
1915		Sir John Eugene Clauson became Crown commissioner.
1920		Sir Malcolm Stevenson became Crown commissioner.
1925		Cyprus became a British Crown Colony. Sir Malcolm Stevenson was made governor.
1926		Sir Ronald Storrs became governor.
1931		Greek Cypriots demanding Enosis Enosis Enosis refers to the movement of the Greek-Cypriot population to incorporate the island of Cyprus into Greece.Similar movements had previously developed in other regions with ethnic Greek majorities such as the Ionian Islands, Crete and the Dodecanese. These regions were eventually incorporated... , the union with Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe.... , instigated their first serious riots. The government-house in Nicosia Nicosia Nicosia from , known locally as Lefkosia , is the capital and largest city in Cyprus, as well as its main business center. Nicosia is the only divided capital in the world, with the southern and the northern portions divided by a Green Line... was burned down; martial law was declared afterwards and the legislative council was abolished. The Greek National Anthem Hymn to Freedom The Hymn to Liberty or Hymn to Freedom is a poem written by Dionýsios Solomós in 1823 that consists of 158 stanzas, which is used as the national anthem of Greece. It was set to music by Nikolaos Mantzaros, and is the longest national anthem in the world by length of text... and the display of the Greek flag Flag of Greece The flag of Greece , officially recognized by Greece as one of its national symbols, is based on nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white... were banned. The British invented the terms "Greek Cypriot Greek Cypriots Greek Cypriots are the ethnic Greek population of Cyprus, forming the island's largest ethnolinguistic community at 77% of the population. Greek Cypriots are mostly members of the Church of Cyprus, an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Orthodox Christianity... " and "Turkish Cypriot Turkish Cypriots Turkish Cypriots are the ethnic Turks and members of the Turkish-speaking ethnolinguistic community of the Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The term is used to refer explicitly to the indigenous Turkish Cypriots, whose Ottoman Turkish forbears colonised the island in 1571... " and used the latter against the "Greek Cypriots" so as to cease Enosis Enosis Enosis refers to the movement of the Greek-Cypriot population to incorporate the island of Cyprus into Greece.Similar movements had previously developed in other regions with ethnic Greek majorities such as the Ionian Islands, Crete and the Dodecanese. These regions were eventually incorporated... demands.
1932		Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs became governor.
1933		Sir Herbert Richmond Palmer became governor.
1939		Greek Cypriots Greek Cypriots Greek Cypriots are the ethnic Greek population of Cyprus, forming the island's largest ethnolinguistic community at 77% of the population. Greek Cypriots are mostly members of the Church of Cyprus, an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Orthodox Christianity... fought with the British in World War II World War II World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis... , demanding Enosis Enosis Enosis refers to the movement of the Greek-Cypriot population to incorporate the island of Cyprus into Greece.Similar movements had previously developed in other regions with ethnic Greek majorities such as the Ionian Islands, Crete and the Dodecanese. These regions were eventually incorporated... at war's end. The Turkish Cypriots Turkish Cypriots Turkish Cypriots are the ethnic Turks and members of the Turkish-speaking ethnolinguistic community of the Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The term is used to refer explicitly to the indigenous Turkish Cypriots, whose Ottoman Turkish forbears colonised the island in 1571... wanted British United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... rule to continue.
1939		Sir William Denis Battershill became governor.
1941		Sir Charles Campbell Woolley became governor.
1946		The British Government began to imprison thousands of displaced Jews in camps on Cyprus.
1946		Sir Reginald Fletcher, Lord Winster, became governor.
1949		The British Government finished imprisoning displaced Jews.
1949		Sir Andrew Barkworth Wright became governor.
1950		Archbishop Makarios III was elected the political and spiritual leader of Cyprus, the head of the autocephalous Autocephaly Autocephaly , in hierarchical Christian churches and especially Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, is the status of a hierarchical church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop... Cypriot Orthodox Church Cypriot Orthodox Church The Church of Cyprus is an autocephalous Greek church within the communion of Orthodox Christianity. It is one of the oldest Eastern Orthodox autocephalous churches, achieving independence from the Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East in 431... and leader of the campaign for Enosis Enosis Enosis refers to the movement of the Greek-Cypriot population to incorporate the island of Cyprus into Greece.Similar movements had previously developed in other regions with ethnic Greek majorities such as the Ionian Islands, Crete and the Dodecanese. These regions were eventually incorporated... with the support of Greece.
1954		Sir Robert Perceval Armitage Robert Perceval Armitage Robert Perceval Armitage was a British colonial administrator who held senior positions in Kenya and the Gold Coast, and was Governor of Cyprus and then Nyasaland during the period when the former British colonies were gaining independence.-Early years:Armitage was born on 21 December 1906 in... became governor.
1955	1 April	A series of bomb attacks marked the start of a violent campaign for Enosis by the National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA) EOKA EOKA was an anticolonial, antiimperialist nationalist organisation with the ultimate goal of "The liberation of Cyprus from the British yoke". Although not stated in its initial declaration of existence which was printed and distributed on the 1st of April 1955, EOKA also had a target of achieving... under George Grivas George Grivas Georgios Grivas , also known by his nom de guerre Digenis , which he adopted while in EOKA, was a Cyprus-born general in the Greek Army, leader of the EOKA guerrilla organization and EOKA B paramilitary organisation.-Early life:Georgios Grivas was born on July 5, 1898 in Trikomo, Famagusta... , a Cypriot ex-colonel in the Greek army. Grivas took the name Dighenis and conducted guerrilla warfare from a secret hideout in the Troodos Mountains Troodos Mountains Troodos is the biggest mountain range of Cyprus, located in the center of the island. Troodos' highest peak is Mount Olympus at 1,952 metres.The Troodos mountain range stretches across most of the western side of Cyprus... .
1955		Sir John Harding became governor.
1956		Britain deported Makarios to the Seychelles Seychelles Seychelles , officially the Republic of Seychelles , is an island country spanning an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, some east of mainland Africa, northeast of the island of Madagascar.... in an attempt to quell the revolt.
1957		Field Marshal Field Marshal Field Marshal is a military rank. Traditionally, it is the highest military rank in an army.-Etymology:The origin of the rank of field marshal dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses , from the time of the early Frankish kings.-Usage and hierarchical... Sir John Harding was replaced by the civilian governor Sir Hugh Foot in a conciliatory move.
1958		Turkish Cypriots, alarmed by British conciliation, began demands for partition. There were inter-communal clashes and attacks on the British.
1960		British occupation ended.
1960		The British, Greek and Turkish governments signed a Treaty of Guarantee to provide for an independent Cypriot state within the Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and formerly known as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of fifty-four independent member states... and allow for the retention of two Sovereign Base Areas at Akrotiri and Dhekelia Akrotiri and Dhekelia The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia are two British-administered areas comprising a British Overseas Territory on the island of Cyprus administered as Sovereign Base Areas of the United Kingdom... . Under the treaty, each power received the right to take military action in the face of any threat to the constitution. Cyprus became independent of foreign rule. The Greek Cypriot Archbishop Makarios became the first president, with Turkish Cypriot Dr. Kutchuk his vice president. Both had the right of veto Veto A veto, Latin for "I forbid", is the power of an officer of the state to unilaterally stop an official action, especially enactment of a piece of legislation... . Turkish Cypriots, who formed 18% of the population, were guaranteed the vice-presidency, three out of ten ministerial posts and 30% of jobs in the public service. They were further guaranteed 40% representation in the army and separate municipal services in the five major towns. Overall, a very complex constitution was drafted, which demanded a majority of votes overall as well as within each community for many decisions.
1963		Greek Cypriots began to view the constitution as unworkable and proposed changes abolishing all veto rights and many ethnic clauses; these proposals were rejected by Turkish Cypriots and the Turkish government. Inter-communal fighting erupted. Tylliria was bombarded with napalm bombs. A UN Peace Keeping Force United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus The United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus was established in 1964 to prevent a recurrence of fighting between the Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots and to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions... was sent in, but soon proved powerless to prevent incidents. Thousands of Turkish Cypriots retreated into enclaves where they were embargoed by the Greek Cypriots. The UN attempted to supply them with food and medicine. Akritas plan Akritas plan The Akritas plan was created in 1963 by the Greek Cypriot part of the government in Cyprus with the ultimate aim of weakening the Turkish Cypriot wing of the Cypriot government and then uniting Cyprus with Greece. The desired union of Cyprus with Greece was referred to as Enosis.-Background to the...
1964		The Battle of Tylliria Battle of Tylliria The Battle of Tylliria or Battle of Kokkina was a battle between the Turkish Cypriot and Greek Cypriot forces at Tylliria area, in the Eastern Mediterranean.- Location :... takes place. Greek-Cypriot forces storm the Turkish-held Kokkina enclave, prompting a Turkish military intervention and airstrikes on the Greek forces. However, Soviet pressure prevented the Turks from going any further, and when the battle ended after four days of fierce fighting, the Kokkina enclave had been reduced to 50-40% of its original size.
1973		The Turks emerged from their enclaves.
1974		see Timeline of events in Cyprus, 1974
1975		Turks announced a Federate State in the north, with Rauf Denktaş as leader. UN Forces remained as buffer between the two zones United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus The United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus runs for more than along what is known as the Green Line and has an area of . The zone partitions the island of Cyprus into a southern area effectively controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus , and the northern area... .
1977		Makarios died. He was succeeded by Spyros Kyprianou Spyros Kyprianou Spyros Achilleos Kyprianou was one of the most prominent politicians of modern Cyprus. He served as the second President of the Republic of Cyprus from 1977 to 1988.... .
1983		The Turkish Federated State declared itself the independent Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), with Denktaş as President. The new state was not recognised by any country except Turkey and was officially boycotted.
1992		UN sponsored talks began between the two sides.
1995		The UN talks ran into the sand, but with a commitment to resume.

21st century

Year	Date	Event
2001		The European Court of Human Rights European Court of Human Rights The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg is a supra-national court established by the European Convention on Human Rights and hears complaints that a contracting state has violated the human rights enshrined in the Convention and its protocols. Complaints can be brought by individuals or... found Turkey guilty of continuing human rights violations against the Greek Cypriots.
2003		Cyprus was set to join the European Union in May 2004. Renewed negotiations about the status of the island took place.
2003	April 23	The line which divided the two parts of Cyprus was partly opened. Thousands of Turkish and Greek Cypriots crossed the buffer zone to the "other side" after 30 years.
2004	April 24	2004 Annan Plan Referendum: The Annan Plan Annan Plan for Cyprus The Annan Plan was a United Nations proposal to resolve the Cyprus dispute, reuniting the breakaway Northern Cyprus with the Republic of Cyprus. The proposal was to restructure Cyprus as the "United Cyprus Republic", which would be a federation of two states. It was revised a number of times before... was rejected by the majority of Greek Cypriots.
2004	May 1	The sovereign Republic of Cyprus joined the European Union European Union The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958... , however the EU acquis Acquis The Community acquis or acquis communautaire , sometimes called the EU acquis, and often shortened to acquis, is the accumulated legislation, legal acts, and court decisions which constitute the body of European Union law... was suspended in the occupied north, Akrotiri and Dhekelia Akrotiri and Dhekelia The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia are two British-administered areas comprising a British Overseas Territory on the island of Cyprus administered as Sovereign Base Areas of the United Kingdom... and the United Nations Buffer Zone United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus The United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus runs for more than along what is known as the Green Line and has an area of . The zone partitions the island of Cyprus into a southern area effectively controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus , and the northern area... .
2008		Demetris Christofias replaces Tassos Papadopoulos Tassos Papadopoulos Tassos Nikolaou Papadopoulos was a Cypriot politician. He served as the fifth President of the Republic of Cyprus from February 28, 2003 to February 28, 2008.His parents were Nicolas and Aggeliki from Assia. He was the first of three children... as president of the Republic of Cyprus. It was the first time that a leader of the Greek Cypriot communist party, AKEL Progressive Party of Working People The Progressive Party of Working People is a communist party in Cyprus. It supports an independent, demilitarized and non-aligned Cyprus, and a federal solution of the internal aspect of the Cyprus problem. It places particular emphasis on rapprochement with the Turkish Cypriots. It supported... , had entered the presidential race. He is currently the only communist leader in the European Union.

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.