In Canada

Canada

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

, a treaty Indian is an Indian who belongs to a band that is party to one of the eleven Numbered Treaties

Numbered Treaties

The numbered treaties are a series of eleven treaties signed between the aboriginal peoples in Canada and the reigning Monarch of Canada from 1871 to 1921. It was the Government of Canada who created the policy, commissioned the Treaty Commissioners and ratified the agreements...

signed by Canada and various First Nations between 1871 and 1922. It contrasts with Indians whose bands are not party to a treaty (primarily in British Columbia) and with non-status Indians, that is, people of Indian heritage who are not recognized legally as Indians.