Tulayl
Encyclopedia
Tulayl was a Palestinian
Arab
village in the District of Safad
located 14.5 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Safad. It was situated on small, sandy hill on the southwestern shore of Lake Hula, near the merging of two wadi
s. Together with the nearby village of al-Husayniyya
, it had a population of 340 in 1945. Tulayl was depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War
.
town of "Thella". Its hilltop location protected it from floods. Under the Ottoman Empire
, in 1596, Tulayl was a part of the nahiya ("subdistrict") of Jira, under the administration of the Liwa (sanjak
) of Safad, with a population of 215. It paid taxes on wheat, barley, bees, and water buffalo. Its houses, closely packed together, were constructed from mud and cane.
During the British Mandate period, it expanded westward and by the 1940s approached the village of al-Husayniyya, itself having expanded eastward. Thus, the two virtually had become one village sharing the same services, including the only school. The entire population, engaged mostly in agriculture, raising water buffalo, and fishing, was Muslim
.
Like most villages in the area, Tulayl was captured by Israel
during its offensive Operation Yiftach
in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
. Israeli historian Benny Morris
speculates it was seized in April 1948. According to Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi
, "The village site is thickly covered with grass and other vegetation, including some eucalyptus and palm trees. Only one old stone house, with an arched doorway, remains standing.
s. The population of the village was approximately 67% Arab and 33% Jewish in ethnicity.
A large number of inhabitants were employed in cereal farming.
Types of land use in dunam
s in the village in 1945:
The land ownership of the village before occupation in dunam
s:
Palestinian people
The Palestinian people, also referred to as Palestinians or Palestinian Arabs , are an Arabic-speaking people with origins in Palestine. Despite various wars and exoduses, roughly one third of the world's Palestinian population continues to reside in the area encompassing the West Bank, the Gaza...
Arab
Arab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
village in the District of Safad
District of Safad
The District of Safad was an administrative district, situated in the British Mandate of Palestine around the city of Safad. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the district disintegrated.-Depopulated settlements:...
located 14.5 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Safad. It was situated on small, sandy hill on the southwestern shore of Lake Hula, near the merging of two wadi
Wadi
Wadi is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a valley. In some cases, it may refer to a dry riverbed that contains water only during times of heavy rain or simply an intermittent stream.-Variant names:...
s. Together with the nearby village of al-Husayniyya
Al-Husayniyya
Al-Husayniyya was a Palestinian village, depopulated in 1948.On the 13th of May 1948, Haganah paramilitary forces committed a crime by killing more than 30 children and women, which lead to the rest of people living in the village to flee and seek shelter in Lebanon and Syria.-Location:The...
, it had a population of 340 in 1945. Tulayl was depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War
1948 Palestine war
The 1948 Palestine war refers to the events in the British Mandate of Palestine between the United Nations vote on the partition plan on November 30, 1947, to the end of the first Arab-Israeli war on July 20, 1949.The war is divided into two phases:...
.
History
Scholars identify the mound upon which Tulayl was built with the RomanRoman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
town of "Thella". Its hilltop location protected it from floods. Under the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, in 1596, Tulayl was a part of the nahiya ("subdistrict") of Jira, under the administration of the Liwa (sanjak
Sanjak
Sanjaks were administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire. Sanjak, and the variant spellings sandjak, sanjaq, and sinjaq, are English transliterations of the Turkish word sancak, meaning district, banner, or flag...
) of Safad, with a population of 215. It paid taxes on wheat, barley, bees, and water buffalo. Its houses, closely packed together, were constructed from mud and cane.
During the British Mandate period, it expanded westward and by the 1940s approached the village of al-Husayniyya, itself having expanded eastward. Thus, the two virtually had become one village sharing the same services, including the only school. The entire population, engaged mostly in agriculture, raising water buffalo, and fishing, was Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
.
Like most villages in the area, Tulayl was captured by Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
during its offensive Operation Yiftach
Operation Yiftach
Operation Yiftach was an offensive of the Israeli Haganah between 28 April and 29 May 1948 aimed at capturing the eastern Galilee. The central objectives were the capture of Safed and the securing of the Lebanese and Syrian borders before the British Mandate ended on 14 May 1948...
in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
1948 Arab-Israeli War
The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, known to Israelis as the War of Independence or War of Liberation The war commenced after the termination of the British Mandate for Palestine and the creation of an independent Israel at midnight on 14 May 1948 when, following a period of civil war, Arab armies invaded...
. Israeli historian Benny Morris
Benny Morris
Benny Morris is professor of History in the Middle East Studies department of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in the city of Be'er Sheva, Israel...
speculates it was seized in April 1948. According to Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi
Walid Khalidi
Walid Khalidi is an Oxford University-educated Palestinian historian who has written extensively on the Palestinian exodus. He is General Secretary and co-founder of the Institute for Palestine Studies, established in Beirut in December 1963 as an independent research and publishing center...
, "The village site is thickly covered with grass and other vegetation, including some eucalyptus and palm trees. Only one old stone house, with an arched doorway, remains standing.
Economy
The village comprised a total area of 5,324 dunamDunam
A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum, dynym, dulum was a non-SI unit of land area used in the Ottoman Empire and representing the amount of land that can be plowed in a day; its value varied from 900–2500 m²...
s. The population of the village was approximately 67% Arab and 33% Jewish in ethnicity.
A large number of inhabitants were employed in cereal farming.
Types of land use in dunam
Dunam
A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum, dynym, dulum was a non-SI unit of land area used in the Ottoman Empire and representing the amount of land that can be plowed in a day; its value varied from 900–2500 m²...
s in the village in 1945:
| Land Usage | Arab | Jewish |
|---|---|---|
| Irrigated and plantation | 22 | 0 |
| Cereal | 3,388 | 1,637 |
| Urban | 48 | 0 |
| Cultivable | 3,410 | 1,637 |
| Non-cultivable | 113,116 | |
The land ownership of the village before occupation in dunam
Dunam
A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum, dynym, dulum was a non-SI unit of land area used in the Ottoman Empire and representing the amount of land that can be plowed in a day; its value varied from 900–2500 m²...
s:
| Owner | Dunams |
|---|---|
| Arab | 3,556 |
| Jewish | 1,753 |
| Public | 15 |
| Total | 5,324 |
External links
- Welcome To Tulayl
- Tulayl, from the Khalil Sakakini Cultural CenterKhalil Sakakini Cultural CenterKhalil Sakakini Cultural Center is an organization established in 1996. It is located at 4 Raja Street, Ramallah in the West Bank. The traditional manor that houses the centre was the former family home of Khalil Salem Salah, the mayor of Ramallah between 1947/1951, is now owned by the Palestinian...
- Tulayl, Dr. Khalil Rizk.