Uddeholms AB
Encyclopedia
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
producer of high alloyed tool steel
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Böhler-Uddeholm
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
, Africa
, Middle East
and Asia
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Image:
Image:Melt Down uddeholm.jpg|Melting of steel scrap in an Electric Arc Furnace
Image:Ladle refining uddeholm.jpg|Purification of tool steel
in
Image:Uphill Casting uddeholm.jpg|Uphill casting
Image:ESR1 uddeholm.jpg|ESR-remelting
Image:Ingot Casting.jpg|Ingot casting
is melted in an Electric Arc Furnace
. After melting, the steel is purified in a secondary metallurgical treatment to remove sulfur
, slag
and other unwanted materials. In the third step, the steel is poured into an ingot. Different methods such as Up-hill casting and the use of protective noble gases can improve purity further.
) process steel scrap is first melted using the conventional process but is then remelted in a water-cooled form. With this process, a more even microstructure can be achieved which gives completely different properties than a material produced with the conventional method. There are different variants of the Electro Slag Remelting
process where the remelting is done in vacuum
or a protective athmosphere.
process, a fine powder is created by spraying a stream of liquid steel with nitrogene under high preassure. The average diameter of the powder is 50-100 µm. The powder is filled into capsules directly in order to avoid contamination. With hot isostatic pressing
(HIP), the powder is consolidated to 100% density.The advantage with powder metallurgical tool steels is to have a high degree of alloys without getting segregations in the material. This makes it possible to combine high material hardness with wear resistance.
ed tool steels in long and flat dimensions. Tool steels are mainly used in tools such as molds, knives
, press
tools that are used for manufacturing
of different products. Tool steels are used in all manufacturing industries such as automotive, electronics
, consumer goods and packaging. Due to their special metallurgical
properties, e.g.combinations of hardness, wear resistance, toughness
, corrosion resistance, they can also be used for mechanical applications
instead of engineering steels.
s used for tool
s where the work material is cold.
The steel is exposed to mechanical forces by the work material. Common problems are wear
, chipping, plastic deformation and cracking
which can lead to tool failure.
Application areas are stamping
, deep drawing
, cold extrusion, fine blanking, cold forging, form pressing and rolling
.
, iron
and brass
, the requirements on the tools are very high. High heat resistance and ductility as well as wear resistance are important. Resistance to thermal cyclic stress is also good.
Application areas are casting
, extrusion
and forging
.
and other industries that use plastic components.
Application areas are blow molding
, form pressing, form blowing, extrusion
and holder materials.
resistance and other properties of tool steels, makes it possible to replace more traditional engineering
steels.
Between 2002 and 2008, Uddeolms AB was name sponsor for the WRC
Swedish Rally
.
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Uddeholms AB is a multinational
Multinational corporation
A multi national corporation or enterprise , is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred to as an international corporation...
producer of high alloyed tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
with production in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. Since 1991, the company is part of the Austrian
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm
Böhler-Uddeholm is a large Austrian company specialised in producing tool steel and special forgings. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger between the Austrian parastatal Böhler and of Uddeholms AB of Sweden. The company has production sites in Austria, Germany, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium,...
group which in turn is part of the voestalpine AG group since 2007. Uddeholms AB has 800 employees in Sweden. Globally, the Uddeholm group employs 3000 people.
History
The company was founded in1668 by Bengt Gustaf Geijer. The company was then privately held until 1870 when it became a public company named Uddeholms AB. The second half of the 19th century was a time of rapid modernization for the company. New production methods were introduced, electrical power stations and railways were built. The Uddeholm railway was the first private railway in Sweden and in 1920 also one of the first to be electrified.Already in 1830 the first businesses were done with the USA and from the 1920s onwards, a modern international sales organization was created. In 1945, Associated Swedish Steel was created together with four other major Swedish steel producers to sell steel to the new markets in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
and Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
. In 1976, Uddeholm bought the whole of ASSAB and since 1 April 2011, it is fully integrated in Uddeholms AB with the exception of ASSAB Pacific Pte Ltd.
Production
Uddeholms AB's production plant is Hagfors Järnverk (HagforsHagfors
Hagfors is a locality and the seat of Hagfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,403 inhabitants in 2005.Its history is traced to 1873, when it was decided to build two blast furnaces at the location....
Iron Mill) in Hagfors, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. There are three production routes. In every route except granulation, the materials are heat treated and machined to get the desired properties.
Image:
Image:Melt Down uddeholm.jpg|Melting of steel scrap in an Electric Arc Furnace
Electric arc furnace
An electric arc furnace is a furnace that heats charged material by means of an electric arc.Arc furnaces range in size from small units of approximately one ton capacity up to about 400 ton units used for secondary steelmaking...
Image:Ladle refining uddeholm.jpg|Purification of tool steel
Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
in
Image:Uphill Casting uddeholm.jpg|Uphill casting
Image:ESR1 uddeholm.jpg|ESR-remelting
Image:Ingot Casting.jpg|Ingot casting
Conventional
This type of production has three phases. First, steel scrapScrap
Scrap is a term used to describe recyclable and other materials left over from every manner of product consumption, such as parts of vehicles, building supplies, and surplus materials. Unlike waste, scrap has significant monetary value...
is melted in an Electric Arc Furnace
Electric arc furnace
An electric arc furnace is a furnace that heats charged material by means of an electric arc.Arc furnaces range in size from small units of approximately one ton capacity up to about 400 ton units used for secondary steelmaking...
. After melting, the steel is purified in a secondary metallurgical treatment to remove sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is the chemical element with atomic number 16. In the periodic table it is represented by the symbol S. It is an abundant, multivalent non-metal. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with chemical formula S8. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow...
, slag
Slag
Slag is a partially vitreous by-product of smelting ore to separate the metal fraction from the unwanted fraction. It can usually be considered to be a mixture of metal oxides and silicon dioxide. However, slags can contain metal sulfides and metal atoms in the elemental form...
and other unwanted materials. In the third step, the steel is poured into an ingot. Different methods such as Up-hill casting and the use of protective noble gases can improve purity further.
Electro Slag Remelting (ESR)
In the Electro Slagg remelting (ESRESR
ESR may refer to:Technology:* Electro Slag Remelting* Electronic Staff Record, a human resources and payroll system of the UK National Health Service...
) process steel scrap is first melted using the conventional process but is then remelted in a water-cooled form. With this process, a more even microstructure can be achieved which gives completely different properties than a material produced with the conventional method. There are different variants of the Electro Slag Remelting
Electro Slag Remelting
ESR or electro slag remelting is a process used for remelting and refining of steels and special alloys which are used for critical applications in aircraft, thermal and nuclear power plants, defense hardware, etc.Electro Slag Remelting uses highly reactive slags to reduce the amount of type A...
process where the remelting is done in vacuum
Vacuum
In everyday usage, vacuum is a volume of space that is essentially empty of matter, such that its gaseous pressure is much less than atmospheric pressure. The word comes from the Latin term for "empty". A perfect vacuum would be one with no particles in it at all, which is impossible to achieve in...
or a protective athmosphere.
Powder metallurgy
In the powder metallurgicalPowder metallurgy
Powder metallurgy is the process of blending fine powdered materials, pressing them into a desired shape , and then heating the compressed material in a controlled atmosphere to bond the material . The powder metallurgy process generally consists of four basic steps: powder manufacture, powder...
process, a fine powder is created by spraying a stream of liquid steel with nitrogene under high preassure. The average diameter of the powder is 50-100 µm. The powder is filled into capsules directly in order to avoid contamination. With hot isostatic pressing
Hot isostatic pressing
Hot isostatic pressing is a manufacturing process used to reduce the porosity of metals and influence the density of many ceramic materials. This improves the material's mechanical properties and workability....
(HIP), the powder is consolidated to 100% density.The advantage with powder metallurgical tool steels is to have a high degree of alloys without getting segregations in the material. This makes it possible to combine high material hardness with wear resistance.
Granulation(Granshot)
Molten steel is poured at a flat surface, dispersing hem so that small droplets are created. These are immediately cooled in water, creating granules. These granules are then used in casting of tools in order to achieve tools with even metallurgical properties.Products
Uddeholms AB manufacture and refine high alloyAlloy
An alloy is a mixture or metallic solid solution composed of two or more elements. Complete solid solution alloys give single solid phase microstructure, while partial solutions give two or more phases that may or may not be homogeneous in distribution, depending on thermal history...
ed tool steels in long and flat dimensions. Tool steels are mainly used in tools such as molds, knives
Knife
A knife is a cutting tool with an exposed cutting edge or blade, hand-held or otherwise, with or without a handle. Knives were used at least two-and-a-half million years ago, as evidenced by the Oldowan tools...
, press
Press
Press may refer to:-Media:* News media, the section of the mass media industry that focuses on presenting current news to the public* Publisher, a company that produces or disseminates literature or information* Press TV, the Iranian television network...
tools that are used for manufacturing
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...
of different products. Tool steels are used in all manufacturing industries such as automotive, electronics
Electronics
Electronics is the branch of science, engineering and technology that deals with electrical circuits involving active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies...
, consumer goods and packaging. Due to their special metallurgical
Metallurgy
Metallurgy is a domain of materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. It is also the technology of metals: the way in which science is applied to their practical use...
properties, e.g.combinations of hardness, wear resistance, toughness
Toughness
In materials science and metallurgy, toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing; Material toughness is defined as the amount of energy per volume that a material can absorb before rupturing...
, corrosion resistance, they can also be used for mechanical applications
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It is the branch of engineering that involves the production and usage of heat and mechanical power for the...
instead of engineering steels.
Cold Work Steels
Cold Work Steels are tool steelTool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures...
s used for tool
Tool
A tool is a device that can be used to produce an item or achieve a task, but that is not consumed in the process. Informally the word is also used to describe a procedure or process with a specific purpose. Tools that are used in particular fields or activities may have different designations such...
s where the work material is cold.
The steel is exposed to mechanical forces by the work material. Common problems are wear
Wear
In materials science, wear is erosion or sideways displacement of material from its "derivative" and original position on a solid surface performed by the action of another surface....
, chipping, plastic deformation and cracking
Cracking
Cracking may refer to:* Cracking, the formation of a fracture or partial fracture in a solid material* Fluid catalytic cracking, a catalytic process widely used in oil refineries for cracking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules...
which can lead to tool failure.
Application areas are stamping
Stamping (metalworking)
Stamping includes a variety of sheet-metal forming manufacturing processes, such as punching using a machine press or stamping press, blanking, embossing, bending, flanging, and coining. This could be a single stage operation where every stroke of the press produce the desired form on the sheet...
, deep drawing
Deep drawing
Deep drawing is a sheet metal forming process in which a sheet metal blank is radially drawn into a forming die by the mechanical action of a punch. It is thus a shape transformation process with material retention. The process is considered "deep" drawing when the depth of the drawn part exceeds...
, cold extrusion, fine blanking, cold forging, form pressing and rolling
Rolling
Rolling is a combination of rotation and translation of that object with respect to a surface , such that the two are in contact with each other without sliding. This is achieved by a rotational speed at the cylinder or circle of contact which is equal to the translational speed...
.
Hot Work Steels
Hot Work Steels are tool steels that are used for tools where the material is hot. Due to the high temperatures when working with molten metals such as aluminiumAluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a silvery white member of the boron group of chemical elements. It has the symbol Al, and its atomic number is 13. It is not soluble in water under normal circumstances....
, iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
and brass
Brass
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.In comparison, bronze is principally an alloy of copper and tin...
, the requirements on the tools are very high. High heat resistance and ductility as well as wear resistance are important. Resistance to thermal cyclic stress is also good.
Application areas are casting
Casting
In metalworking, casting involves pouring liquid metal into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowing it to cool and solidify. The solidified part is also known as a casting, which is ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process...
, extrusion
Extrusion
Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile. A material is pushed or drawn through a die of the desired cross-section...
and forging
Forging
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces. Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: '"cold," "warm," or "hot" forging. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to 580 metric tons...
.
Plastic Mold Steel
Plastic Mold Steels are tool steels used for production of plastic parts. The most important characteristics are durability and hardness, toughness, wear resistance, polishability, corrosion resistance hand thermal heat conductivity. Important customer groups are in the automotive, consumer goods industry, electronicsElectronics
Electronics is the branch of science, engineering and technology that deals with electrical circuits involving active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies...
and other industries that use plastic components.
Application areas are blow molding
Blow molding
Blow molding is a manufacturing process by which hollow plastic parts are formed. In general, there are three main types of blow molding: extrusion blow molding, injection blow molding, and stretch blow molding. The blow molding process begins with melting down the plastic and forming it into a...
, form pressing, form blowing, extrusion
Extrusion
Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile. A material is pushed or drawn through a die of the desired cross-section...
and holder materials.
Mechanical components/Mechanical engineering
Mechanical components such as engine parts (shafts cog wheels), machine parts, wear parts can be made of tool steel. The combinations of hardness, toughness, corrosionCorrosion
Corrosion is the disintegration of an engineered material into its constituent atoms due to chemical reactions with its surroundings. In the most common use of the word, this means electrochemical oxidation of metals in reaction with an oxidant such as oxygen...
resistance and other properties of tool steels, makes it possible to replace more traditional engineering
Engineering
Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...
steels.
Reference to international tool steel standards
| Grade/Standard | W.Nr. (Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... ) | AISI American Iron and Steel Institute The American Iron and Steel Institute is an association of North American steel producers. Its predecessor organizations date back to 1855 making it one of the oldest trade associations in the United States. AISI assumed its present form in 1908, with Elbert H... (USA) | IHA | UNE (Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula... ) | SS (Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... ) | JIS (Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alumec | ||||||
| Uddeholm Alvar 14 | 1.2714 | F-520/F-528 | F5307 | |||
| Uddeholm Alvar Alvar An alvar is a biological environment based on a limestone plain with thin or no soil and, as a result, sparse vegetation. It is also known as a pavement barren although this term is also used for similar landforms based on sandstone. In the United Kingdom the exposed landform is called a limestone... |
1.2379 | |||||
| Uddeholm Arne Arne In Greek mythology, Arne or Melanippe was a daughter of Aeolus and Melanippe , daughter of Chiron. She was born as a foal as her mother had been transformed into a horse as a disguise, but was returned to the human form and renamed Arne... |
1.2510 | O1 | F-522 | F-5220 | 2140 | SKS 3 |
| Uddeholm Caldie Caldie Caldie is a matrix tool steel manufactured by Uddeholms AB for cold work applications with high demands on chipping / cracking resistance and compressive strength... |
||||||
| Uddeholm Calmax | 1.2358 | |||||
| Uddeholm Chipper/Viking | ||||||
| Uddeholm Corrax | ||||||
| Uddeholm Dievar | ||||||
| Uddeholm Elmax | ||||||
| Uddeholm Fermo Fermo Fermo is a town and comune of the Marche, Italy, in the Province of Fermo.Fermo is located on a hill, the Sabulo with a fine view, on a branch from Porto San Giorgio on the Adriatic coast railway.... |
||||||
| Uddeholm Formax | 2172 | |||||
| Uddeholm Grane | 2550 | |||||
| Uddeholm Holdax | 1.2312 | F-5304 | ||||
| Uddeholm Hotvar | ||||||
| Uddeholm Impax Supreme | 1.2738 | P20 mod. | F-5303 | |||
| Uddeholm Mirrax ESR | 420 mod. | SUS 420 mod. | ||||
| Moldmax HH | ||||||
| Moldmax XL | ||||||
| Uddeholm Nimax | ||||||
| Uddeholm Orvar 2 Microdized | 1.2344 | H13 premium | F-5318 | 2242 | SKD 61 | |
| Uddeholm Orvar Supreme | 1.2344 | H13 premium | F-5318 | 2242 | SKD 61 | |
| Uddeholm Orvar Superior | 1.2344 | H13 premium | F-5318 | SKD 61 | ||
| Uddeholm Polmax | (1.2083) | 420 mod. | F-312 | F-5263 | 2314 | SKD 61 |
| Uddeholm QRO 90 Supreme | ||||||
| Ramax HHUddeholm Ramax HH | (420F) | |||||
| Uddeholm Ramax LH | (420F) | |||||
| Uddeholm Rigor | 1.2363 | A2 | F-5227 | 2260 | SKD 12 | |
| Uddeholm Sleipner | ||||||
| Uddeholm SR 1855 | (1.2108) | 2092 | ||||
| Uddeholm Stavax ESR ESR ESR may refer to:Technology:* Electro Slag Remelting* Electronic Staff Record, a human resources and payroll system of the UK National Health Service... |
(1.2083) | 420 mod. | F-312 | F-5263 | 2314 | SUS 420 |
| Uddeholm Sverker 21 Sverker 21 Sverker 21 is a tool steel manufactured by Uddeholms AB. It is primarily used for Cold Work applications such as blanking, piercing, cropping, bending, forming and cutting.-International standards comparison chart:-Chemical composition:-Properties:... |
(1.2436) | (D6) | F-52OR | F-5211 | 2310 | SKD 11 |
| Uddeholm Sverker 3 | 1.2379 | D2 | F-5213 | 2312 | (SKD 2) | |
| Uddeholm THG 2000 | ||||||
| Uddeholm UHB 11 | 1.1730 | 1148 | F-1142 | 1650/1672 | ||
| Uddeholm Unimax | F-114 | |||||
| Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra Vanadis 4 Extra Vanadis 4 Extra is a powder metallurgical cold work tool steel produced by Uddeholms AB. It is characterized by a combination of wear and chipping resistance and is particularly suitable for high volume production tooling for production materials such as annealed austenitic stainless steel, mild... |
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| Uddeholm Vanadis 6 | ||||||
| Uddeholm Vanadis 10 | ||||||
| Uddeholm Vanadis 23 | 1.3344 | M3:2 | 2725 | |||
| Uddeholm Vanadis 30 | M3:2+Co | 2726 | ||||
| Uddeholm Vanadis 60 | 2727 | |||||
| Uddeholm Vancron 40 | ||||||
| Uddeholm Vidar 1 | 1.2343 | H11 | ||||
| Uddeholm Vidar 1 ESR | 1.2343 | H11 | ||||
| Uddeholm Vidar Vidar In Norse mythology, Víðarr is a god among the Æsir associated with vengeance. Víðarr is described as the son of Odin and the jötunn Gríðr, and is foretold to avenge his father's death by killing the wolf Fenrir at Ragnarök, a conflict which he is described as surviving... |
Superior 1.2340(1.2343) | (H11) | (SKD 6) |
Sponsoring and local engagements
WRC
WRC may refer to:Auto racing:* World Rally Championship* World Rally CarVideo games:* World Rally Championship * WRC: Rally Evolved* WRC: FIA World Rally Championship Broadcasting stations:...
Swedish Rally
Swedish Rally
The Uddeholm Swedish Rally , formerly the Swedish Rally, is an automobile rally competition held in Värmland, Sweden in early February. First held in 1950, when it was called the Rally to the Midnight Sun with start and finish at separate locations, seventeen years later both start and finish...
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