Valea Crisului
Encyclopedia
Valea Crişului is a commune in Covasna County
, Romania
composed of two villages:
region of the historical Transylvania
province. Until 1918, the village belonged to the Háromszék County of the Kingdom of Hungary
. After the Treaty of Trianon
of 1920, it became part of Romania
. In 2004; the village of Arcuş
split away from Valea Crişului to form an independent commune.
Hungarian majority. According to the 2002 Census
it has a population of 3,463 of which 97.26% or 3,368 are Hungarian.
The ancestral castle of the family of Count Kálnoky. The ancient Renaissance castle, built at the cusp of the17th century, has been renovated several times.
There are man-made caves in the rocky slopes of the Fenyős peak, which in winter serve as a refuge for insects and moths. The longest among them is the Ploti cave (14 m).
The masterpiece of wood carving is the 18th century bell tower at Calnic, covered by two wooden. The Unitarian church next to it dates from 1781. Not a single iron nail was used in its construction. Both structures are listed monuments.
The Unitarian church at Calnic, dating to 1674, is a historic monument. Its floral-patterned coffered ceiling dates from the same century. Its two carved portals are the work of folk artists Dénes Nemes and András Bálint.
Covasna County
Covasna is a county of Romania, in Transylvania, with the capital city at Sfântu Gheorghe.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 222,449 and the population density was 60/km².*Hungarians – 73.79% *Romanians – 23.28%...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
composed of two villages:
- Calnic / Kálnok, on the Calnic RiverCalnic RiverThe Calnic River is a tributary of the Olt River in Romania.-References:* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971-Maps:* Harta judeţul Covasna...
- Valea Crişului
History
It formed part of the Székely LandSzékely Land
The Székely Land or Szekler Land refers to the territories inhabited mainly by the Székely, a Hungarian-speaking ethnic group from eastern Transylvania...
region of the historical Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
province. Until 1918, the village belonged to the Háromszék County of the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. After the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
of 1920, it became part of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. In 2004; the village of Arcuş
Arcus
Arcus may mean:*Arcus AS, a Norwegian producer of liquor*Arcus cloud, a low, horizontal cloud formation*Arcus Foundation, a foundation that envisions and contributes to a pluralistic world that celebrates diversity and dignity, invests in social justice, and promotes tolerance and compassion*Arcus...
split away from Valea Crişului to form an independent commune.
Demographics
The commune has an absolute SzékelySzékely
The Székelys or Székely , sometimes also referred to as Szeklers , are a subgroup of the Hungarian people living mostly in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, Romania...
Hungarian majority. According to the 2002 Census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
it has a population of 3,463 of which 97.26% or 3,368 are Hungarian.
Points of interest
There is a historic Roman Catholic church at Valea Crişului. In its semicircular apse dating from the era of the Arpad dynasty, there are fragments of medieval frescoes considered to be of the 14th century. Its smaller bell was made in Brasov in 1512. The patronal feast of the church is on Trinity Sunday.The ancestral castle of the family of Count Kálnoky. The ancient Renaissance castle, built at the cusp of the17th century, has been renovated several times.
There are man-made caves in the rocky slopes of the Fenyős peak, which in winter serve as a refuge for insects and moths. The longest among them is the Ploti cave (14 m).
Calnic
The neighboring village of Calnic (3 km) belongs administratively to Valea Crişului.The masterpiece of wood carving is the 18th century bell tower at Calnic, covered by two wooden. The Unitarian church next to it dates from 1781. Not a single iron nail was used in its construction. Both structures are listed monuments.
The Unitarian church at Calnic, dating to 1674, is a historic monument. Its floral-patterned coffered ceiling dates from the same century. Its two carved portals are the work of folk artists Dénes Nemes and András Bálint.