Vanadium oxide
Encyclopedia
Vanadium oxide may refer to:
In addition to these principal oxides of vanadium, various other distinct phases exist:
Many vanadium-oxygen phases are non-stoichiometric
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- Vanadium(II) oxideVanadium(II) oxideVanadium oxide, VO, is one of the many oxides of vanadium. VO is a long-lived, electronically neutral reagent chemical. It adopts a distorted NaCl structure and contains weak V-V metal to metal bonds. As shown by band theory, VO is a conductor of electricity due to its partially filled conduction...
(vanadium monoxide), VO - Vanadium(III) oxideVanadium(III) oxideVanadium trioxide is the chemical compound V2O3. It is prepared by reduction of V2O5 with hydrogen or carbon monoxide.It is a basic oxide dissolving in acids to give reducing vanadium solutions. V2O3 has the corundum structure. It is antiferromagnetic with a critical temperature of 160 K...
(vanadium sesquioxide or trioxide), V2O3 - Vanadium(IV) oxideVanadium(IV) oxideVanadium oxide is the chemical compound VO2. It is formed in the contact process from V2O5, which acts as a catalyst.Vanadium oxide is amphoteric, dissolving in non-oxidising acids to give the vanadyl ion, [VO]2+ and in alkali to give the [V4O9]2− ion, or at high pH [VO4]4−...
(vanadium dioxide), VO2 - Vanadium(V) oxideVanadium(V) oxideVanadium oxide is the chemical compound with the formula V2O5. Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, this brown/yellow solid is the most stable and common compound of vanadium. Upon heating it reversibly loses oxygen...
(vanadium pentoxide), V2O5
In addition to these principal oxides of vanadium, various other distinct phases exist:
- Phases with the general formula VnO2n+1 exist between V2O5 and VO2. Examples of these phases include V3O7, V4O9 and V6O13.
- Phases with the general formula VnO2n−1 exist between VO2 and V2O3. Called Magnéli phases for Arne Magnéli, they are examples of crystallographic shear compounds based on the rutileRutileRutile is a mineral composed primarily of titanium dioxide, TiO2.Rutile is the most common natural form of TiO2. Two rarer polymorphs of TiO2 are known:...
structureCrystal structureIn mineralogy and crystallography, crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline liquid or solid. A crystal structure is composed of a pattern, a set of atoms arranged in a particular way, and a lattice exhibiting long-range order and symmetry...
. Examples of Magnéli phases include V4O7, V5O9, V6O11, V7O13 and V8O15.
Many vanadium-oxygen phases are non-stoichiometric
Non-stoichiometric compound
Non-stoichiometric compounds are chemical compounds with an elemental composition that cannot be represented by a ratio of well-defined natural numbers, and therefore violate the law of definite proportions. Often, they are solids that contain crystallographic point defects, such as interstitial...
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