Vancouver-Burrard - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Vancouver-Burrard was a provincial

Provinces and territories of Canada

The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second-largest country by area. There are ten provinces and three territories...

electoral district

Electoral district

An electoral district is a distinct territorial subdivision for holding a separate election for one or more seats in a legislative body...

for the Legislative Assembly

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia

The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia is one of two components of the Parliament of British Columbia, the provincial parliament ....

of British Columbia

British Columbia

British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...

, Canada

Canada

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

. It first appeared on the hustings in the 1933 general election

British Columbia general election, 1933

The British Columbia general election of 1933 was the eighteenth general election in the Province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on September 13, 1933, and held on November 2, 1933...

.

For the 2009 election

British Columbia general election, 2009

The 39th British Columbia general election was held on May 12, 2009 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The BC Liberal Party formed the government of the province prior to this general election under the leadership of Premier Gordon Campbell...

, the riding was split across two new ridings. The portion west of Burrard, Georgia, and Jervis became the new Vancouver-West End

Vancouver-West End

Vancouver-West End is a provincial electoral district in British Columbia, Canada established by the Electoral Districts Act, 2008. It was contested for the first time in the 2009 election.Prior to 2009, the riding was part of Vancouver-Burrard....

riding. The remainder of Vancouver-Burrard joined part of Vancouver-Fairview

Vancouver-Fairview

Vancouver-Fairview is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada.- Demographics :-MLAs:#Gary Farrell-Collins, Liberal #Gregor Robertson, NDP #Jenn McGinn, NDP...

to become the new Vancouver-False Creek riding.

Demographics

From 2001 Canadian Census

Population, 2001	64,046
Population Change, 1996–2001	20.9%
Area (km²)	8.89
Pop. Density (people per km²)	7,204

MLAs

Emery Barnes
Emery Barnes
Emery Barnes, OBC was a Canadian football player and Canadian politician.Born in Louisiana and raised in Oregon, Barnes was a gifted athlete, and was an alternate hi-jumper for the 1952 US Olympic Track and Field team...

, NDP (1991–1996)
Tim Stevenson
Tim Stevenson
Tim Stevenson is a Canadian politician and United Church clergyman. He is currently an elected member of the Vancouver City Council as a member of Vision Vancouver. He is one of two openly gay city councilors in Vancouver, along with Ellen Woodsworth.-Background:He received a B.A...

, NDP (1996–2001)
Lorne Mayencourt
Lorne Mayencourt
Lorne Mayencourt is a Canadian politician, who formerly represented the electoral district of Vancouver-Burrard in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a member of the BC Liberal party....

, Liberal (2001–2008)
Spencer Herbert, NDP (2008–2009)

Election results

|-

|NDP

New Democratic Party of British Columbia

The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

British Columbia Liberal Party

The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Arthur Griffiths

Arthur Griffiths

Arthur Griffiths is a Canadian businessperson, philanthropist, and candidate for political office. He is former owner of the Vancouver Canucks and General Motors Place, and chaired the Vancouver/Whistler 2010 Bid Society which helped to bring the 2010 Winter Olympics to the region...

|align="right"|5,100
|align="right"|36.92
|align="right"|-5.24

|Green

Green Party of British Columbia

The Green Party of British Columbia is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. It is led by former Esquimalt municipal councillor, university professor and businessperson Jane Sterk, she was elected by the party in 2007. Penticton realtor and columnist Julius Bloomfield serves as the deputy...

British Columbia Conservative Party

The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

British Columbia Marijuana Party

The British Columbia Marijuana Party is a minor political party in the Canadian province of British Columbia that advocates the legalisation of cannabis....

|Marc Emery

Marc Emery

Marc Scott Emery is a Canadian cannabis policy reform advocate, as well as a former cannabis seed seller. He is currently serving a five year sentence in a United States federal prison for selling cannabis seeds....

|align="right"|379
|align="right"|2.74
|align="right"|
|}

|-

| style="width: 130px" |BC Liberal

British Columbia Liberal Party

|Lorne Mayencourt

Lorne Mayencourt

Lorne Mayencourt is a Canadian politician, who formerly represented the electoral district of Vancouver-Burrard in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a member of the BC Liberal party....

|align="right"|12,009
|align="right"|42.16%
|align="right"|-5.94

|NDP

New Democratic Party of British Columbia

|Tim Stevenson

Tim Stevenson

Tim Stevenson is a Canadian politician and United Church clergyman. He is currently an elected member of the Vancouver City Council as a member of Vision Vancouver. He is one of two openly gay city councilors in Vancouver, along with Ellen Woodsworth.-Background:He received a B.A...

|align="right"|11,998
|align="right"|42.12%
|align="right"|+11.04

|Green

Green Party of British Columbia

British Columbia Libertarian Party

The British Columbia Libertarian Party is a libertarian political party in British Columbia, Canada.It first nominated candidates in the 1986 provincial election...

Work Less Party of British Columbia

The Work Less Party is a political party in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The party was founded in 2003 by Conrad Schmidt. It has a federal wing and also participates in municipal politics...

Sex Party (British Columbia)

The Sex Party is a political party based in British Columbia, Canada, that contests provincial elections to promote libertarian and sex-positive attitudes towards sexual education, pornography, indecency laws, and prostitution. It describes itself as "the world's first registered political party...

Democratic Reform British Columbia

Democratic Reform British Columbia is a progressive–centrist political party in the Province of British Columbia, Canada.-Formation of the party:...

Platinum Party of Employers Who Think and Act to Increase Awareness

The Platinum Party of Employers Who Think and Act to Increase Awareness, also known as the Platinum Party, is a minor political party in the Province of British Columbia, Canada....

|Antonio Francisco Ferreira
|align="right"|27
|align="right"|0.09%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="left" colspan=3|Total
!align="right"|28,483
!align="right"|100.00
!align="right"|
|}

|-

| style="width: 130px" |BC Liberal

British Columbia Liberal Party

|Lorne Mayencourt

Lorne Mayencourt

Lorne Mayencourt is a Canadian politician, who formerly represented the electoral district of Vancouver-Burrard in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a member of the BC Liberal party....

|align="right"|11,396
|align="right"|48.11%
|align="right"|+10.88
|align="right"|$46,939
|-

|NDP

New Democratic Party of British Columbia

|Tim Stevenson

Tim Stevenson

|align="right"|7,359
|align="right"|31.07%
|align="right"|-18.63
|align="right"|$45,493

|Green

Green Party of British Columbia

British Columbia Marijuana Party

The British Columbia Marijuana Party is a minor political party in the Canadian province of British Columbia that advocates the legalisation of cannabis....

|Marc Emery

Marc Emery

|align="right"|906
|align="right"|3.82%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|$394

|Unity
|Gregory Paul Michael Hartnell
|align="right"|290
|align="right"|1.15%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|

|Independent
|Boris Bear
|align="right"|136
|align="right"|0.57%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|$157

|People's Front
|Joseph Theriault
|align="right"|40
|align="right"|0.17%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|$57

|Independent Rhino
|Helvis
|align="right"|25
|align="right"|0.11%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|$100
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|23,688
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|123
!align="right"|0.52%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|23,811
!align="right"|63.67%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|NDP

New Democratic Party of British Columbia

|Tim Stevenson

Tim Stevenson

British Columbia Liberal Party

|Duncan Wilson
|align="right"|7,975
|align="right"|37.23%
|align="right"|+2.00
|align="right"|$50,880
|-

|PDA

Progressive Democratic Alliance

The Progressive Democratic Alliance was a centrist political party in British Columbia, Canada founded by Gordon Wilson, Member of the Legislative Assembly for Powell River—Sunshine Coast....

Green Party of British Columbia

Reform Party of British Columbia

The Reform Party of British Columbia is a populist right wing political party in British Columbia, Canada. Although its name is similar to the defunct Reform Party of Canada, the provincial party was founded before the federal party was and it did not have any formal association with...

British Columbia Libertarian Party

The British Columbia Libertarian Party is a libertarian political party in British Columbia, Canada.It first nominated candidates in the 1986 provincial election...

Natural Law Party of Canada

The Natural Law Party of Canada was the Canadian branch of the international Natural Law Party founded in 1992 by a group of educators, business leaders, and lawyers who practiced Transcendental Meditation....

|Wayne A. Melvin
|align="right"|93
|align="right"|0.43%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|$100
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|21,420
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|257
!align="right"|1.19%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|21,677
!align="right"|62.68%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|NDP

New Democratic Party of British Columbia

|Emery Barnes

Emery Barnes

Emery Barnes, OBC was a Canadian football player and Canadian politician.Born in Louisiana and raised in Oregon, Barnes was a gifted athlete, and was an alternate hi-jumper for the 1952 US Olympic Track and Field team...

British Columbia Liberal Party

British Columbia Social Credit Party

The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

Green Party of British Columbia

|Andy Telfer
|align="right"|441
|align="right"|2.31%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|$1,349
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|19,094
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|552
!align="right"|2.81%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|19,646
!align="right"|65.59%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

| style="width: 130px" |NDP

New Democratic Party of British Columbia

|Thomas Rodney Berger
|align="right"|9849
|align="right"|24.4%
|align="right"|

|NDP
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Raymond Parkinson
|align="right"|9498
|align="right"|23.5%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
|Alsbury
|align="right"|7584
|align="right"|18.8%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
|Bert Price
|align="right"|7584
|align="right"|18.8%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Brennan
|align="right"|3190
|align="right"|7.9%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Higgs
|align="right"|2681
|align="right"|6.6%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|40386
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|322
!align="right"|0.78%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|20988
!align="right"|58.3%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Social Credit
|Eric Martin
|align="right"|11,181
|align="right"|19.1%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
|Bert Price
|align="right"|10,612
|align="right"|18.1%
|align="right"|

| style="width: 130px" |NDP
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Thomas Rodney Berger
|align="right"|10,345
|align="right"|17.6%
|align="right"|

|NDP
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Neale
|align="right"|8998
|align="right"|15.3%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Phillips
|align="right"|5798
|align="right"|9.9%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Mussallem
|align="right"|5291
|align="right"|9.0%
|align="right"|

|Progressive Conservative
|Coultas
|align="right"|3457
|align="right"|5.9%
|align="right"|

|Progressive Conservative
|Ashdown
|align="right"|2975
|align="right"|5.1%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|58,657
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|468
!align="right"|1.16%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|31022
!align="right"|52.9%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Social Credit
|Eric Martin
|align="right"|10,642
|align="right"|18.9%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
|Bert Price
|align="right"|10,231
|align="right"|18.1%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Neale
|align="right"|9505
|align="right"|16.9%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Vulliamy
|align="right"|9333
|align="right"|16.6%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Kearney
|align="right"|5715
|align="right"|10.1%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Lyon
|align="right"|5744
|align="right"|10.2%
|align="right"|

|Progressive Conservative
|Sturdy
|align="right"|2611
|align="right"|4.6%
|align="right"|

|Progressive Conservative
|Thomas
|align="right"|1904
|align="right"|3.4%
|align="right"|

|Communist
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Edwards
|align="right"|339
|align="right"|0.6%
|align="right"|

|Communist
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Samuelson
|align="right"|271
|align="right"|0.5%
|align="right"|

|Independent
|Finkleman
|align="right"|87
|align="right"|0.2%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|56,382
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|621
!align="right"|1.1%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|29534
!align="right"|50.6%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Social Credit
|Eric Martin
|align="right"|12,824
|align="right"|24.9%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
|Bert Price
|align="right"|12,180
|align="right"|23.3%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|MacDonald
|align="right"|7826
|align="right"|14.9%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Burns
|align="right"|7322
|align="right"|14.0%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Millar
|align="right"|4972
|align="right"|9.5%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|McCay
|align="right"|4424
|align="right"|8.4%
|align="right"|

|Progressive Conservative
|Macaulay
|align="right"|1095
|align="right"|2.1%
|align="right"|

|Progressive Conservative
|Caine
|align="right"|1006
|align="right"|1.9%
|align="right"|

|Labour Progressive Party
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Whyte
|align="right"|260
|align="right"|0.5%
|align="right"|

|Labour Progressive Party
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Weinstein
|align="right"|257
|align="right"|0.5%
|align="right"|

|Independent
|Todd
|align="right"|203
|align="right"|0.4%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|52,369
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|608
!align="right"|1.2%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|27798
!align="right"|53.3%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Eric Martin
|align="right"|11,527
|align="right"|39.8%
|align="right"|14924
|align="right"|56.8%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Macdonald
|align="right"|9,216
|align="right"|31.8%
|align="right"|11,360
|align="right"|43.2%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|John Groves Gould
|align="right"|5,936
|align="right"|20.5%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Progressive Conservative
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Allan
|align="right"|1259
|align="right"|4.3%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Christian Democrat
Christian Democratic Party
Christian democratic parties are those political parties that seek to apply Christian principles to public policy. The underlying Christian democracy movement emerged in 19th-century Europe, largely under the influence of Catholic social teaching, and it continues to be influential in Europe and...

|Walshe
|align="right"|658
|align="right"|2.3%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Labour Progressive Party
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Rankin
|align="right"|360
|align="right"|1.2%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|28,956
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|26,284
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|1885
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Registered Voters
!align="right"|53,412
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|57.7%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=9|⁵ Preferential ballot; first and final of five (5) counts only shown.
|}
|-

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Bert Price
|align="right"|11,273
|align="right"|39.2%
|align="right"|14,674
|align="right"|56.2%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil was an organizer and Member of Parliament for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ....

|align="right"|9313
|align="right"|32.4%
|align="right"|11,446
|align="right"|43.8%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Odlum
|align="right"|5858
|align="right"|20.4%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Progressive Conservative
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Carmichael
|align="right"|1276
|align="right"|4.4%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.-%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Christian Democrat
Christian Democratic Party
Christian democratic parties are those political parties that seek to apply Christian principles to public policy. The underlying Christian democracy movement emerged in 19th-century Europe, largely under the influence of Catholic social teaching, and it continues to be influential in Europe and...

|Zunti
|align="right"|643
|align="right"|2.2%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.-%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Labour Progressive Party
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Whyte
|align="right"|367
|align="right"|1.3%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|28,740
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|26,120
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|2131
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Registered Voters
!align="right"|53,412
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|57.8%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=9|⁵ Preferential ballot; first and final of five (5) counts only shown.
|}

|-

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Eric Martin
|align="right"|9166
|align="right"|28.0%
|align="right"|13,222
|align="right"|51.2%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Macdonald
|align="right"|10,037
|align="right"|30.6%
|align="right"|12,578
|align="right"|48.8%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Forester
|align="right"|6166
|align="right"|18.8%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Progressive Conservative
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Donald Cameron Brown
|align="right"|5765
|align="right"|17.6%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Christian Democrat
Christian Democratic Party
Christian democratic parties are those political parties that seek to apply Christian principles to public policy. The underlying Christian democracy movement emerged in 19th-century Europe, largely under the influence of Catholic social teaching, and it continues to be influential in Europe and...

|Pedlar
|align="right"|1064
|align="right"|3.2%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Independent
|Rankin
|align="right"|577
|align="right"|1.8%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|32,775
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|25,800
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|1598
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Registered Voters
!align="right"|60,006
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|57.3%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=9|⁵ Preferential ballot; first and final of five (5) counts only shown.
|}
|-

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Bert Price
|align="right"|9002
|align="right"|27.8%
|align="right"|13166
|align="right"|50.5%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil was an organizer and Member of Parliament for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ....

|align="right"|10,397
|align="right"|32.1%
|align="right"|12,920
|align="right"|49.5%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|John Groves Gould
|align="right"|6358
|align="right"|19.6%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.- %
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Progressive Conservative
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Cornett
|align="right"|5615
|align="right"|17.3%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.-%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Christian Democrat
Christian Democratic Party
Christian democratic parties are those political parties that seek to apply Christian principles to public policy. The underlying Christian democracy movement emerged in 19th-century Europe, largely under the influence of Catholic social teaching, and it continues to be influential in Europe and...

|Stephens
|align="right"|1046
|align="right"|3.2%
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -.-%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|32,418
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|26,086
!align="right"|%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|1900
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Registered Voters
!align="right"|60,006
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|57.2%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=9|⁵ Preferential ballot; first and final of five (5) counts only shown.
|}

|-

|Coalition
|Donald Cameron Brown
|align="right"|20,230
|align="right"|31.8%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Coalition
|John Groves Gould
|align="right"|19,926
|align="right"|31.3%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Macdonald
|align="right"|11,037
|align="right"|17.3%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil was an organizer and Member of Parliament for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ....

|align="right"|10,737
|align="right"|16.7%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Martin
|align="right"|727
|align="right"|1.1%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Wardrop
|align="right"|531
|align="right"|0.8%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Independent
|Finkleman
|align="right"|396
|align="right"|0.6%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Union of Electors
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Adam
|align="right"|95
|align="right"|0.1%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|63,679
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|312
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|66.9%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Coalition
|George Moir Weir
George Moir Weir
George Moir Weir was a physician and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Vancouver-Point Grey from 1933 to 1941 and Vancouver-Burrard from 1945 to 1949 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Liberal.He was born in Miami, Manitoba, the son of the Reverend Richard Weir...

|align="right"|14,938
|align="right"|28.1%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Coalition
|Donald Cameron Brown
|align="right"|14,711
|align="right"|27.6%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Winona Grace MacInnis
|align="right"|10,150
|align="right"|19.1%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil was an organizer and Member of Parliament for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ....

|align="right"|10,071
|align="right"|18.9%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Labour Progressive Party
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Mason
|align="right"|1042
|align="right"|2.0%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Labour Progressive Party
Communist Party of Canada
The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. Although is it currently a minor or small political party without representation in the Federal Parliament or in provincial legislatures, historically the Party has elected representatives in Federal Parliament, Ontario...

|Zlotnik
|align="right"|988
|align="right"|1.9%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Paynter
|align="right"|668
|align="right"|1.3%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Wardrop
|align="right"|551
|align="right"|1.0%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown

|Socialist Labour
Socialist Labour Party (Canada)
The Socialist Labour Party was a political party in Canada that was formed by Canadian supporters of the ideas of American socialist Daniel De Leon and the Socialist Labor Party of America. The party never won any seats...

|Fedoruk
|align="right"|107
|align="right"|0.2%
|align="right"|
|align="right"|unknown
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total valid votes
!align="right"|53,226
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots
!align="right"|205
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|52.6%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil
Charles Grant MacNeil was an organizer and Member of Parliament for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ....

|align="right"|9596
|align="right"|19.0%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Winona Grace MacInnis
|align="right"|9402
|align="right"|18.6%
|align="right"|

|Conservative
|Donald Cameron Brown
|align="right"|8283
|align="right"|16.4%
|align="right"|

|Conservative
|Miller
|align="right"|8281
|align="right"|16.4%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Forester
|align="right"|7505
|align="right"|14.8%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Smith
|align="right"|7276
|align="right"|14.4%
|align="right"|

|Socialist Labour
Socialist Labour Party (Canada)
The Socialist Labour Party was a political party in Canada that was formed by Canadian supporters of the ideas of American socialist Daniel De Leon and the Socialist Labor Party of America. The party never won any seats...

|John Alexander Fedoruk
|align="right"|267
|align="right"|0.5%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|50,610
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|268
!align="right"|1.2%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|26511
!align="right"|70.4%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|John Howard Forester
|align="right"|8606
|align="right"|18.6%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Helen Douglas Smith
|align="right"|8297
|align="right"|17.9%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Maxwell
|align="right"|7367
|align="right"|15.9%
|align="right"|

|Conservative
|Wilson
|align="right"|7238
|align="right"|15.7%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Trotter
|align="right"|7056
|align="right"|15.3%
|align="right"|

|Conservative
|White
|align="right"|6265
|align="right"|13.6%
|align="right"|

|Constructivist
|Pollock
|align="right"|401
|align="right"|0.9%
|align="right"|

|Constructivist
|Bufton
|align="right"|364
|align="right"|0.8%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Brooks
|align="right"|300
|align="right"|0.6%
|align="right"|

|Social Credit
British Columbia Social Credit Party
The British Columbia Social Credit Party, whose members are known as Socreds, was the governing political party of British Columbia, Canada, for more than 30 years between the 1952 provincial election and the 1991 election...

|Paynter
|align="right"|281
|align="right"|0.6%
|align="right"|

|Financial Justice
|Broughton
|align="right"|54
|align="right"|0.1%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|50,610
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|377
!align="right"|0.8%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|24,434
!align="right"|70.7%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

|-

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Gerald Gratton McGeer
|align="right"|10022
|align="right"|24.9%
|align="right"|

|Liberal
British Columbia Liberal Party
The British Columbia Liberal Party is the governing political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected for government in 1916, the party went into decline after 1952, with its rump caucus merging with the Social Credit Party for the 1975 election...

|Helen Douglas Smith
|align="right"|9117
|align="right"|22.7%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Osterhout
|align="right"|6546
|align="right"|16.3%
|align="right"|

|Co-operative Commonwealth Fed.
New Democratic Party of British Columbia
The New Democratic Party of British Columbia is a social-democratic political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party currently forms the official opposition to the governing British Columbia Liberal Party following the 2009 provincial election in British Columbia.The BC NDP is the provincial...

|Sidaway
|align="right"|6311
|align="right"|15.7%
|align="right"|

|Non Partisan Independent Group
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Bennett
|align="right"|3449
|align="right"|8.6%
|align="right"|

|Non Partisan Independent Group
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|McKenzie
|align="right"|2193
|align="right"|5.5%
|align="right"|

|Unionist
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Dennies
|align="right"|1231
|align="right"|3.1%
|align="right"|

|Unionist
British Columbia Conservative Party
The British Columbia Conservative Party is a political party in British Columbia, Canada. First elected as the government in 1903, the party went into decline after 1933...

|Barker
|align="right"|502
|align="right"|1.2%
|align="right"|

|Independent CCF
|McKinnon
|align="right"|277
|align="right"|0.7%
|align="right"|

|United Front Party
|Hutton
|align="right"|235
|align="right"|0.6%
|align="right"|

|Independent Liberal
|Browne
|align="right"|230
|align="right"|0.6%
|align="right"|

|Socialist
Socialist Party of Canada
There have been two different but related political parties in Canada that called themselves the Socialist Party of Canada . The current Socialist Party is an electorally inactive and unregistered federal political party in Canada...

|Black
|align="right"|109
|align="right"|0.3%
|align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Valid Votes
!align="right"|40,222
!align="right"|100.00%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Total Rejected Ballots
!align="right"|168
!align="right"|0.4%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|- bgcolor="white"
!align="right" colspan=3|Turnout
!align="right"|20,946
!align="right"|68.2%
!align="right"|
!align="right"|
|}

External links

BC Stats

Map of riding

Results of 2001 election (pdf)

2001 Expenditures (pdf)

Results of 1996 election

1996 Expenditures

Results of 1991 election

1991 Expenditures

Website of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia

Website of the Vancouver-Burrard New Democrats

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.