Volvo 850 - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The Volvo 850 is a compact executive car

Compact executive car

Compact executive car is a car classification term applied to premium cars smaller than executive cars. In European classification, compact executive cars are part of the D-segment. In North American terms, close equivalents are compact premium car, compact luxury car, entry-level luxury car and...

produced by Volvo Cars

Volvo Cars

Volvo Car Corporation, or Volvo Personvagnar AB, is a Swedish automobile manufacturer founded in 1927, in Gothenburg, Sweden. It is owned by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group. Volvo was originally formed as a subsidiary company to the ball bearing maker SKF. When Volvo AB was introduced on the Swedish...

from 1992 to 1997 and designed by Jan Wilsgaard

Jan Wilsgaard

Jan Wilsgaard was the Chief Designer at Volvo Cars from 1950–1990, having studied at Gothenburg School of Applied Arts before joining Volvo when co-founder Assar Gabrielsson still headed the company. Wilsgaard was followed at Volvo by the noted designer Peter Horbury.Wilsgaard's father was a...

. Available in sedan/saloon and station wagon

Station wagon

A station wagon is a body style variant of a sedan/saloon with its roof extended rearward over a shared passenger/cargo volume with access at the back via a third or fifth door , instead of a trunk lid...

/estate body styles, the Volvo 850 was notable as the first front-wheel drive

Front-wheel drive

Front-wheel drive is a form of engine/transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and...

vehicle from this Swedish

Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....

manufacturer to be exported to North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

. It is often considered the vehicle that gave Volvo its reputation as a high-end auto maker in North America due to the level of features available in this model that were not offered in previous models. At the time of its development, the 850 was regarded as one of the largest engineering endeavours in Sweden

Sweden

Overview

The Volvo 850 was introduced worldwide as a 1992 model, but arrived in the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

in the 1993 model year. It was sold as a saloon (sedan) with an estate

Station wagon

(wagon) model on sale from 1992 in Europe. The 850 was the first Volvo model in North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

to feature front-wheel drive

Front-wheel drive

and an all-aluminium alloy

Aluminium alloy

Aluminium alloys are alloys in which aluminium is the predominant metal. The typical alloying elements are copper, magnesium, manganese, silicon and zinc. There are two principal classifications, namely casting alloys and wrought alloys, both of which are further subdivided into the categories...

20-valve

Multi-valve

In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design...

straight-five engine. The 850 was Volvo's top-seller in the mid-1990s. In markets outside the U.S., a 10-valve variant of the five-cylinder was popular for its lower cost and better fuel economy.

All U.S. 850s received standard equipment such as dual front airbag

Airbag

An Airbag is a vehicle safety device. It is an occupant restraint consisting of a flexible envelope designed to inflate rapidly during an automobile collision, to prevent occupants from striking interior objects such as the steering wheel or a window...

s, anti-lock braking system

Anti-lock braking system

An anti-lock braking system is a safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to continue interacting tractively with the road surface as directed by driver steering inputs while braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and therefore avoiding skidding.An ABS generally offers...

, head restraints and three-point seat belts for all passengers, power windows, door locks, and mirrors, cruise control

Cruise control

Cruise control is a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle. The system takes over the throttle of the car to maintain a steady speed as set by the driver.-History:...

, and dual zone climate control. Side torso airbags became a world first when introduced as an option for 1995. Some other options during the model run included features such as traction control

Traction control system

A traction control system , also known as anti-slip regulation , is typically a secondary function of the anti-lock braking system on production motor vehicles, designed to prevent loss of traction of driven road wheels...

, leather interior, power glass sunroof

Sunroof

An automotive sunroof is a fixed or operable opening in an automobile roof which allows light and/or fresh air to enter the passenger compartment. Sunroofs may be manually operated or motor driven, and are available in many shapes, sizes and styles...

, power seats, heated seats, remote keyless entry, automatic climate control, and automatic transmission

Automatic transmission

An automatic transmission is one type of motor vehicle transmission that can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually...

.
The 850 saloon features an interior space of 2.8 cubic metres (99 cu ft). This is slightly more than the 2.78 cubic metres (98 cu ft) of the 2004 Mercedes-Benz E-Class

Mercedes-Benz E-Class

The Mercedes-Benz E-Class is a range of executive-size cars manufactured by Mercedes-Benz in various engine and body configurations. The E initially stood for Einspritzmotor, ; a new feature in volume production vehicles at the time that the E-Class first appeared, with the E as a suffix to the...

, even though the car is reasonably compact on the outside. This space is achieved by mounting the in-line 5-cylinder engine transversely

Transverse engine

A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft axis is perpendicular to the long axis of the vehicle. Many modern front wheel drive vehicles use this engine mounting configuration...

(from the left to the right of the car) under the hood.

The 850 Turbo estate is capable of top speeds in excess of 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph) when ungoverned. Production models of the estate and saloon have been tested to maximum speeds of 147mph.

In 1995, a limited-edition version, labeled T-5R, was sold worldwide.

From 1996-1998, a high-end model, the R, was produced. It was based on the aforementioned T-5R.

In 1996 a "Platinum" edition of the 850 Turbo was available. The exterior paint for these models came in a metallic pearl platinum-color and had special 16 inch alloy wheel

Alloy wheel

Alloy wheels are automobile wheels which are made from an alloy of aluminium or magnesium. They are typically lighter for the same strength...

s. The interior was fitted with leather seats and burled walnut accents. Only 1,500 of these were imported for the U.S. market.

For the last model year (1996/1997), the 850 AWD (All Wheel Drive) model was introduced with a new 193 bhp low pressure turbo 2.4 litre engine (B5254T).

In 1998, the model line was updated, and renamed the Volvo S70

Volvo S70

The Volvo S70 is a mid-size luxury car produced by the Swedish automaker Volvo Cars from 1998 to 2000. The S70 was the saloon/sedan, and the similar V70 the estate/station wagon; they both represented mainly new styling and revised suspensions from the 1993 through 1997 Volvo 850...

(saloon) and Volvo V70

Volvo V70

The Volvo V70 is a mid-size five-door estate car / station wagon manufactured by Volvo Cars since 2000. It is closely related to the S70, S60 and S80 saloons, as well as the four-wheel drive Cross Country and XC70....

(estate

Station wagon

). These vehicles were sold in the U.S. through the 2000 model year when there were still many 850's waiting to be sold. This allowed for an alternatively designed vehicle; the 2001 Volvo S60

Volvo S60

The Volvo S60 is a compact executive sedan produced by the Swedish automaker Volvo from 2000. Two generations of the sedan have been produced to date.-First generation :...

and Volvo V70

Volvo V70

, during the 850's production hiatus.

Rear suspension

For the 850, Volvo created what it called "Delta-link semi-independent rear suspension". Volvo held a U.S. patent for rear axle bushings

Bushing (isolator)

A bushing or rubber bushing is a type of vibration isolator. It provides an interface between two parts, damping the energy transmitted through the bushing. A common application is in vehicle suspension systems, where a bushing made of rubber separates the faces of two metal objects while allowing...

that compress under load, giving the Volvo 850 passive rear steering

Steering

Steering is the term applied to the collection of components, linkages, etc. which will allow a vessel or vehicle to follow the desired course...

. The automobile also has a tight turning circle, 10.2 m (33.5 ft), and is considered very maneuverable. By comparison, later large Volvos had a 11.9 m (39 ft) turning circle.

T-5R

In 1995, a high performance model developed in part with Porsche named the T-5R was released. The vehicle is based upon the 850 Turbo with the B5234T5 engine with a special ECU known as the Bosch #628 ECU, that adds 1.3 psi (0.089631844809 bar)*** to turbocharger boost pressure, giving the engine an additional 18 horsepower

Horsepower

Horsepower is the name of several units of measurement of power. The most common definitions equal between 735.5 and 750 watts.Horsepower was originally defined to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses in continuous operation. The unit was widely adopted to measure the...

(13 kW). The T-5R is capable of accelerating to 60 mi/h in 6.0 seconds and completing a quarter-mile in 14.8 seconds. Top speed is electronically limited to 155 mi/h. Despite the boxy, understated appearance, the stock T-5R has a drag coefficient

Drag coefficient

In fluid dynamics, the drag coefficient is a dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment such as air or water. It is used in the drag equation, where a lower drag coefficient indicates the object will have less aerodynamic or...

of 0.29. The vehicle came standard with Pirelli P-Zero tyres. The tyres provided a grip of 0.88 g. The engine was co-developed with Porsche, as was the transmission and remaining powertrain components. Porsche also aided in designing some of the interior as well (i.e. Alcantara

Alcantara (material)

Alcantara is a tradename given to a composite material used to cover surfaces and forms in a variety of applications. The material was developed in the early 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto, a scientist working for the Japanese chemical company Toray Industries, as a variation of their other product...

suede inserts). Only two options were available - the trunk-mounted Alpine 6-CD changer and the no-cost 16" wheels for a smoother, more comfortable ride and driveability in snow because of the all-weather tyres. The engine produces 240 hp and 221 lbft of torque. The tranmission is a 4-speed automatic. (Volvo's 5-speed automatic transmission debuted 2 years later.) A 5-speed manual transmission was also offered in certain markets, such as Canada and Sweden.

The T-5R sold out in short time, leading Volvo to repeat the T-5R the following year as the 850 R.

The Volvo 850 T-5R was also noted for its safety features. It was the first automobile to have four airbags standard. The side airbags were installed in the seat cushions. German automakers would soon follow with their own side airbags as well, however, they were installed in the doors. The side airbags followed into all Volvos the following year as an option and became standard on the full-line a year after that, before other manufacturers began offering them as an option, in particular American and Japanese automakers. The same occurred with Volvo's introduction of daytime-running headlamps. The automobile also came with the first integrated child booster seat in the rear cabin. It was also the first sedan to have three-point seatbelts at all five seating positions. Volvo would later debut the side curtain airbag a couple of years later in the S80 and make those standard on the full line of autos before other manufacturers as well, though Lexus followed only months later.

Also included in the 1995 T-5R package is a front bumper with a lip, rear spoiler, side skirts, polished aluminum door sills, special graphite leather like that of the Porsche 911 and Alcantara

Alcantara (material)

(the fire-retardant version of Toray Industries' Ultrasuede (tm)) seats in dark grey like that of the Porsche 911 Turbo and a black interior with deep walnut wood grain accents. Both yellow and black versions came with the same black interior as the only choice. The T-5R has an additional badge to the left of the "850" on the trunk, referred to as "The Motorsport badge". The standard wheels are the titanium-gray 5-spoke 17×7 "Titan". 1995 was the only year that the a model was badged as a "T-5R".

5500 T-5Rs were produced worldwide, of which 904 went to the US:
The 1995 850 T-5R was limited in exterior paint color choices:

cream yellow - 1975 worldwide including sedan and station wagon
black - 3025 worldwide including sedan and station wagon
olive green - 0500 worldwide including sedan and station wagon

- - See Volvo press release: https://www.customers.volvocars.com/owners/docs/1995/1995_releases/1995_release_6.html

R models

The 1996 and 1997 Volvo 850R also came as a Sport Wagon. In 5-door form, the turbocharged wagon can accelerate from 0-60 mph in 6.0 seconds and reach up to 153 mi/h.

The 1996 and 1997 (the final year of the 850) R models were not as limited in production as the T-5R was. Some sources stated about 9,000 R were produced. Flame red, black, anthracite grey, olive green metallic, turquoise and white were the only color choices. In the US market only Red, White and Black were available. Also, a new rear spoiler was introduced on sedans. The interior was now two-tone and designed to be more luxurious and appealing to Volvo's typical market, but the layout changed — in 1995 the leather was in the center of the seats — later models had it on the outside bolster portion with the suede in the middle. The standard wheels used in these model years were the 17×7 "Volans". For 1996, Volvo introduced a new manual transmission

Manual transmission

A manual transmission, also known as a manual gearbox or standard transmission is a type of transmission used in motor vehicle applications...

outside the US market, called the M59, that came standard with a Torsen differential. Furthermore, the M59 cars were equipped with a slightly larger turbocharger, the TD04H-16T, and upgraded software enabling these cars to produce 250 hp versus 240 hp for the automatic transmission equipped cars. Torque was also significantly increased in the manual models from 300 newton metre to 350 newton metre..

Due to encumbrances placed on engine volume by the Italian government, R's sold in Italy were based on the 2.0 litre 850 Turbo. The transmission was the standard AW/50-42 used in all U.S. 850's, the M56H being available in other countries.

Trims (U.S.)

All manufacturer's suggested retail prices (MSRPs) are base prices only.

1993

850 GLT ($24,800 MSRP): 2.4 L I5
Straight-5
The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase...

, 168 hp (125 kW
Watt
The watt is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units , named after the Scottish engineer James Watt . The unit, defined as one joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion.-Definition:...

) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf
Torque
Torque, moment or moment of force , is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist....

(220 N·m
Newton metre
A newton metre is a unit of torque in the SI system. The symbolic form is N m or N·m, and sometimes hyphenated newton-metre...

) @ 4500 rpm

All 1993 850 models were badged GLT, regardless of equipment. Many options (leather, sunroof, and more) were bundled into the Touring package.

1994

850 ($24,300 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
850 Turbo ($29,985 MSRP): 2.3 L I5
Straight-5
The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase...

, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

The 1994 850 includes revised headlights, front valances, and front and rear bumpers. The GLT badge is dropped, although all the same equipment is available. The 222 hp Turbo sedan and wagon, as well as the normally aspirated 168 hp wagon, are new models this year.

1995

850 ($24,580 USD MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
850 GLT ($27,110 USD MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
850 Turbo ($31,045 USD MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
850 T-5R ($35,545 USD MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 240 hp (179 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

The GLT badge returned for the 1995 model year, so there were now sedan and wagon versions of the 850, 850 GLT, 850 Turbo, and 850 T-5R. The T-5R was the new high performance model, with more power stemming from ECU tuning, and special suspension, trim and wheels. In addition to the introduction of the T-5R, changes included new tail-lights for sedans, optional side airbags for all variants, new interior switch-gear design and several other detail changes.
Australian delivered 850 SEs were provided with the B5252 10 valve motor, which was labelled DOHC on the cam cover.

1996

850 ($26,125 USD MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4700 rpm
850 GLT ($29,200 USD MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
850 Turbo ($32,650 USD MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
850 R ($37,925 USD MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 240 hp (179 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

Changes this year include a revised power door lock system, new exterior colors, and full OBD-II compliance. The T-5R high performance version became the R in 1996, but the performance differences remained relatively the same.
The United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

received 2.5 10v and 2.5 20v versions, which were unavailable in the U.S. and Canada, but made their way to Russia

Russia

Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

and Switzerland

Switzerland

Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

1997

850 ($26,710 USD MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
850 GLT ($31,835 USD MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 190 hp (142 kW) @ 5100 rpm and 199 ft·lbf (270 N·m) at 1600 rpm
850 T-5 ($34,500 USD MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
850 R ($38,685 USD MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 240 hp (179 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
850 AWD (Canada/Europe only) 2.4L I5 T 190 hp @ 5100rpm; 3700 LBS approx.

For 1997, the 850's final year, all GLT models were increased to 190 hp (142 kW) by pairing a low-pressure turbocharger with the 2.4 L engine. The 850 Turbo model was thence called the 850 T-5, as it always had been in the UK. The 1997 model year was short, as the substantially similar (virtually identical except for superficial styling changes) Volvo S70

Volvo S70

sedan and Volvo V70

Volvo V70

wagon were introduced during the first half of 1997 shortly before Ford Motor Co. took over Volvo in 1998.
Also in 1997 Volvo released the 850 AWD to the European/Canadian market with the same motor as the 1997 GLT 2.4 L I5 LPT (13G) it was only available with a 5 speed m58 transmission. It is believed that 214 850 AWD's were imported to Canada for 1997. It had an m56 with an added bevel gear (transfer case) created the m58 transmission. In 1998 AWD versions were only available in automatic except in Europe and Canada although it is believed that 7 V70 AWD Manuals were imported to Canada.

Quick information

Volvo 850 Quick information by Trim Level
Trim	Engine	Turbo	Fuel Delivery	Power	Torque	Transmission	Performance
2.0 10v	B5202 2.0L 1984cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 10v	No	Siemens Fenix 5.2	126 hp (93 kW)@6100 rpm	170 N·m @4800 rpm	M56 5 speed manual
2.0 20v	B5204 2.0L 1984cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v	No	Bosch Motronic 4.3	143 hp (105 kW) @6500 rpm	136 ft·lbf (184 N·m)	M56 5 speed manual	0–100 km/h: 10.5s, VMax 203 km/h(126 mph)
2.0 T-5 (some EU countries only)	B5204T 2.0L 1984cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes	Bosch Motronic 4.3	210 hp (154 kW)@5400 rpm	300 N·m @1900 rpm	M56 5 speed manual/4 speed automatic	0–100 km/h: 7.3s, VMax: 229 km/h(142 mph)
2.0 T-5R (some EU countries only)	B5204T3 2.0L 1984cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes	Bosch Motronic 4.3	225 hp (166 kW)@5400 rpm	300 N·m @1900 rpm	M56 5 speed manual/4 speed automatic	0–100 km/h: 7.3s, VMax: 229 km/h(142 mph)
2.4 10v	B5252 2.4L 2435cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 10v	No	Siemens Fenix 5.2	144 hp (106 kW) @5400 rpm	206 N·m @3600 rpm	M56 5 speed manual/ 4 speed automatic
2.4 20v	B5254 2.4L 2435cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v	No	Bosch LH 3.2 Jetronic*	170 hp (125 kW)@6200 rpm	220 N·m @3300 rpm	M56 5 speed manual/ 4 speed adaptive automatic	0–100 km/h: 9.2s, VMax: 216 km/h(134 mph)
2.4T	B5254T 2.4L 2435cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Mitsubishi 13g turbo	Bosch Motronic 4.3	193 hp (141 kW)@5100 rpm	270 N·m @1800 rpm	4 speed adaptive automatic	0–100 km/h: 7.8s, VMax: 225 km/h(140 mph)
T-5 (Turbo)	B5234T 2.3L 2319cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes (Mitsubishi TD04-15g)	Bosch Motronic 4.3	225 hp (166 kW)@5200 rpm	300 N·m @2000 rpm	M56 5 speed manual/ 4 speed adaptive automatic	0–100 km/h: 7.0s, VMax: 234 km/h(145 mph)
T5-R (Auto)	B5234T5 2.3L 2319cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes (Mitsubishi TD04-15g)	Bosch Motronic 4.3	225 hp, boosts to 240 hp for 30 seconds.**	300 N·m	AW42-50LE, 4 speed adaptive automatic	0–100 km/h: 6.0s auto, VMax: 245 km/h(153 mph)
T5-R (Man)	B5234T5 2.3L 2319cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes (Mitsubishi TD04-15g)	Bosch Motronic 4.3	225 hp, boosts to 240 hp for 30 seconds.**	330 N·m @2000 rpm	M56 5 speed manual	0–100 km/h: 6.0s, VMax: 245 km/h(153 mph)
R (Auto)	B5234T5 2.3L 2319cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes (Mitsubishi TD04-15g)	Bosch Motronic 4.3	225 hp, boosts to 240 hp for 30 seconds.**	300 N·m	AW42-50LE, 4 speed adaptive automatic	0–100 km/h: 6.0s auto, VMax: 245 km/h(153 mph)
R (Manual)	B5234T4 2.3L 2319cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 20v Turbo	Yes (Mitsubishi TD04-16t)	Bosch Motronic 4.3	250 hp (184 kW) @5400 rpm	350 N·m @2400 rpm manual	M59 5 speed manual with Viscous diff	0–100 km/h: 6.0s manual, VMax: 250 km/h(156 mph)
TDI	D5252T 2.5L 2461cc I5 Straight-5 The straight-five engine or inline-five engine is an internal combustion engine with five cylinders aligned in one row or plane, sharing a single engine block and crankcase... 10v Turbo	Yes	Bosch MSA	140 hp (103 kW)	290 N·m	M56 5 speed manual/ 4 speed adaptive automatic	VMax: 200 km/h

*B5254S: 1992-1995 have Bosch LH 3.2. In 1996 both Bosch LH 3.2 and Bosch Motronic 4.4 was fitted. As of 1997 only Bosch Motronic 4.4 was fitted.
**Please see Volvo Owners Manual: http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1996/1996_850/96850_901.htm#pg9.3
**Also the press release for the 1995 T-5R: https://www.customers.volvocars.com/owners/docs/1995/1995_releases/1995_release_6.html

Motorsport

Volvo joined forces with Tom Walkinshaw Racing

Tom Walkinshaw Racing

Tom Walkinshaw Racing , was an auto racing team and engineering firm founded in 1976 by touring car racer Tom Walkinshaw.-History:TWR started by modifying BMW 3.0 CSLs, but soon was contracted to head Mazda's works program in the British Touring Car Championship. The TWR developed RX-7, with Win...

(TWR) in 1994 to build an 850 Estate Super Touring Car to compete in the British Touring Car Championship

British Touring Car Championship

The British Touring Car Championship is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom. The Championship was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and has run to various rules over the years – "production cars", then FIA Group 1 or 2 in the late 1960s...

(BTCC). Despite much criticism, the 850 Estate performed well, with a best qualifying placing of third and a best race finish of fifth. The 850 Estates were driven by Rickard Rydell

Rickard Rydell

Rickard Rydell is a Swedish racing driver. He won the 1998 British Touring Car Championship, the 2011 Scandinavian Touring Car Championship, and has also been a frontrunner in the European/World Touring Car Championship.-Early career:In the early 1990s, Rydell raced in various Formula Three series...

and Jan Lammers

Jan Lammers

Johannes "Jan" Lammers, , is a racing driver and team principal from the Netherlands. He participated in 41 Formula One Grand Prix races, debuting on January 21, 1979. He won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1988 and later participated in the race with his own team Racing for Holland...

and Volvo finished eighth in the Manufacturers' standings of the 1994 championship

1994 British Touring Car Championship season

The 1994 Auto Trader RAC British Touring Car Championship season was the 37th British Touring Car Championship season.-Changes for 1994:*The number of double header meetings were increased from three to seven...

. For 1995, TWR built a Saloon version, with the switch from Estate to Saloon being made mainly due to changes in BTCC regulations regarding aerodynamic aids which effectively ended any chance of the Estate being competitive. With Rickard Rydell and Tim Harvey

Tim Harvey

Tim Harvey is a racing driver from England. He was the 2008 and 2010 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain Champion. A household name in the 1990s, Harvey won the prestigious BTCC title in 1992, and was a frontrunner for most of the late 80s and early 90s...

driving, the 850 Saloons qualified on pole position 12 times and won six races, with Volvo placing third in the Manufacturers Championship

1995 British Touring Car Championship season

The 1995 Auto Trader RAC British Touring Car Championship was won by John Cleland in a Vauxhall Cavalier. The Independents' title was won by Matt Neal in his Team Dynamics Ford Mondeo with fourteen class wins.-Entry List:-Calendar & Winners:...

. In 1996, an improved 850 Saloon competed in the championship with Rickard Rydell and Kelvin Burt

Kelvin Burt

Kelvin Burt is a British auto racing driver. After attending the Jim Russell Racing Drivers' School in 1987 he turned to Formula Ford racing, battling hard against David Coulthard for the championship...

driving, achieving five race wins. Volvo again finishing third in the Manufacturers’ Championship

1996 British Touring Car Championship season

The 1996 Auto Trader RAC British Touring Car Championship season marked the arrival of Audi to the sport with their four wheel drive A4s. The title was won by Frank Biela, with Swiss driver Alain Menu again finishing in second place and Swede Rickard Rydell in third.-BTCC:* Rouse Sport were neither...

. Volvo also competed in the Super Touring category with the 850 across Europe and in Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

in this era.

Australia

Australia

n race driver Peter Brock

Peter Brock

Peter Geoffrey Brock, AM otherwise known as "Peter Perfect", "The King of the Mountain" or simply as "Brocky" was one of Australia's best-known and most successful motor racing drivers. Brock was most often associated with Holden for almost 40 years, although he raced vehicles of other...

drove an 850 T-5 with Tony Scott in the 1994 James Hardie 12 Hour

1994 James Hardie 12 Hour

The 1994 James Hardie 12 Hour was an endurance race for production cars held at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia on 3 April 1994.-Class structure:The field for the event was divided into the following six classes:...

production car race at Bathurst

Mount Panorama Circuit

Mount Panorama Circuit is a motor racing track located in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. It is the home of the Bathurst 12 Hour motor race, held each February, and the Bathurst 1000 motor race, held each October...

, finishing 25th. He also drove an 850 saloon in the 1996 Australian Super Touring Championship

1996 Australian Super Touring Championship

The 1996 BOC Gases Australian Super Touring Championship was the fourth running of a touring car series in Australia under the Super Touring Car regulations...

, placing sixth in the Drivers’ Championship.

External links

Volvotips, history about the Volvo Galaxy project and 850 prototypes.
Volvo 850 Crash test, An amazing Volvo 850 Crash test Video.
The Brickboard, an owners resource and technical forum
Volvospeed, an owners performance resource and technical forum
Matthew's Volvo Site, an owners resource and technical forum
TurboBricks, an enthusiasts site for older volvos
Volvo Performance Club, an enthusiasts site for Performance Volvo Owners.
T5D5.ORG - High Performance Volvo Club Forums, primarily UK based

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.