Workers' Militia PPS-WRN
Encyclopedia
Workers' Militia PPS-WRN was an underground organization of the Polish Socialist Party - Freedom, Equality, Independence
that existed in between 1939 - 1945. It was created amongst the labour
circles for self—protection and to keep order. It was supposed to help re—create the Polish pre—war police
and counter—intelligence services.
For simplicity, the organization was divided and subdivided into the units of five.
In 1944 the number of the underground police
officers and agents was 27000.
Antoni Pajdak ps. Traugutt
was the commander
of the Workers'Militia PPS-WRN, his second in command were: Stanisław Sobolewski pseudonim Krystian (Christian) , Jan Władysław Wilczyński pseudonim Gnat (Cow's bone).
in 1944, the Militia of PPS counted 475 members in five districts. In Będzin County
, it was around 200 persons strong or 15 platoon
s.
In Silesia
, the Militia counted around 3.000, and in the Cieszyn
Silesia around 960. In addition, PPS tried to created industrial militia in Zagłębie, under the command of Stefan Kura-Granicki "Gromek", "Gołąb", "Oset", and later, under Henryk Żmijewski "Kuba". The Industrial Militia operated within the military factories gathering the intelligence and committing acts of sabotage
as well as, later on, tried to prevent demolition of factories by the withdrawing Germans.
Polish Socialist Party - Freedom, Equality, Independence
Polish Socialist Party - Freedom, Equality, Independence was an underground political party in occupied Poland durinng World War II continuing the traditions of Polish Socialist Party....
that existed in between 1939 - 1945. It was created amongst the labour
Labour movement
The term labour movement or labor movement is a broad term for the development of a collective organization of working people, to campaign in their own interest for better treatment from their employers and governments, in particular through the implementation of specific laws governing labour...
circles for self—protection and to keep order. It was supposed to help re—create the Polish pre—war police
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...
and counter—intelligence services.
For simplicity, the organization was divided and subdivided into the units of five.
In 1944 the number of the underground police
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...
officers and agents was 27000.
Antoni Pajdak ps. Traugutt
Romuald Traugutt
Romuald Traugutt was a Polish general and war hero, best known for commanding the January Uprising. From October 1863 to August 1864 he was Dictator of Insurrection. He headed the Polish national government from October 17, 1863 to April 20, 1864, and was president of its Foreign Affairs...
was the commander
Commander
Commander is a naval rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. Commander is also used as a rank or title in some organizations outside of the armed forces, particularly in police and law enforcement.-Commander as a naval...
of the Workers'Militia PPS-WRN, his second in command were: Stanisław Sobolewski pseudonim Krystian (Christian) , Jan Władysław Wilczyński pseudonim Gnat (Cow's bone).
The status report for the police as of 1944 would have looked as follows
| Grouping—Region | Status (numbers) | Grouping or Regional Commanders |
|---|---|---|
| Zagłębie Dąbrowskie | 2.736 | Lucjan Tajchman "Wirt", Antoni Biedroń "Baca", Roman Żołędź "Marian" |
| Kraków Kraków Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life... |
6.181 | Jan Wcisło "Dąb", Saturnin Nowakowski "Marian" |
| Radom Radom Radom is a city in central Poland with 223,397 inhabitants . It is located on the Mleczna River in the Masovian Voivodeship , having previously been the capital of Radom Voivodeship ; 100 km south of Poland's capital, Warsaw.It is home to the biennial Radom Air Show, the largest and... |
3.212 | Stefan Heine "Lach", Jan Siemek "Korab" |
| Rzeszów Rzeszów Rzeszów is a city in southeastern Poland with a population of 179,455 in 2010. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River, in the heartland of the Sandomierska Valley... |
1.103 | Wincenty Rubacha Świder", Tytus Zwoliński "Raf" |
| Tarnów Tarnów Tarnów is a city in southeastern Poland with 115,341 inhabitants as of June 2009. The city has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, but from 1975 to 1998 it was the capital of the Tarnów Voivodeship. It is a major rail junction, located on the strategic east-west connection... |
912 | Kazimierz Czubak "Kazet", Józef Hanzel "Krata" |
| Kielce Kielce Kielce ) is a city in central Poland with 204,891 inhabitants . It is also the capital city of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship since 1999, previously in Kielce Voivodeship... |
630 | Michał Gorajski "Marmur", Franciszek Słupiński "Niwa" |
| Śląsk | 6.320 | Wincenty Balicki "Belka", Józef Kalisz "Józef" |
| Warszawa-miasto | 2.330 | Władysław Wilczyński "Gnat" |
| Cieszyn Cieszyn Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín.... |
220 | Emanuel Wieczorek "Marek" |
| Krosno-Podkarpacie Krosno Krosno is a town and county in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland with 47,455 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.Notably Krosno is the site of the first oil well in the world.... |
460 | Stefan Brodziński "Grot" |
| Warszawa Podmiejska | 832 | Lucjan Tobolski "Luc", Ludiwk Wiliński "Lucek" |
| Białystok | 830 | Władysław Zieliński "Michał" |
| Lublin Lublin Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river... |
480 | Stanisław Karwowski "Ster" |
| Lwów | 340 | Miachał Filipiak "Fil", Franciszek Petri "Franek" |
| Tarnopol | 112 | Ludwik Mędrek "Maszyna" |
| Wilno | 630 | Jakub Łuksza "Kuba", Franciszek Stążowski "Franek" |
Underground Police of PPS in Silesia and in Zagłębie
According to fragmentary data in SosnowiecSosnowiec
Sosnowiec is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in southern Poland, near Katowice. It is one of the central districts of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metropolis with a combined population of over two million people located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Brynica river .It is situated in...
in 1944, the Militia of PPS counted 475 members in five districts. In Będzin County
Bedzin County
Będzin County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Będzin, which lies north-east...
, it was around 200 persons strong or 15 platoon
Platoon
A platoon is a military unit typically composed of two to four sections or squads and containing 16 to 50 soldiers. Platoons are organized into a company, which typically consists of three, four or five platoons. A platoon is typically the smallest military unit led by a commissioned officer—the...
s.
In Silesia
Silesia
Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
, the Militia counted around 3.000, and in the Cieszyn
Cieszyn
Cieszyn is a border-town and the seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has 36,109 inhabitants . Cieszyn lies on the Olza River, a tributary of the Oder river, opposite Český Těšín....
Silesia around 960. In addition, PPS tried to created industrial militia in Zagłębie, under the command of Stefan Kura-Granicki "Gromek", "Gołąb", "Oset", and later, under Henryk Żmijewski "Kuba". The Industrial Militia operated within the military factories gathering the intelligence and committing acts of sabotage
Sabotage
Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening another entity through subversion, obstruction, disruption, or destruction. In a workplace setting, sabotage is the conscious withdrawal of efficiency generally directed at causing some change in workplace conditions. One who engages in sabotage is...
as well as, later on, tried to prevent demolition of factories by the withdrawing Germans.
See also
- Blue PoliceBlue PoliceThe Blue Police, more correctly translated as The Navy-Blue Police was the popular name of the collaborationist police in the German occupied area of the Second Polish Republic, known as General Government during the Second World War...
- Jewish Ghetto PoliceJewish Ghetto PoliceJewish Ghetto Police , also known as the Jewish Police Service and referred to by the Jews as the Jewish Police, were the auxiliary police units organized in the Jewish ghettos of Europe by local Judenrat councils under orders of occupying German Nazis.Members of the did not have official...
- Lithuanian Security PoliceLithuanian Security PoliceThe Lithuanian Security Police, also referred to as Saugumas , was a Lithuanian Nazi collaborationist police force that operated from 1941 to 1944. It had a staff of approximately 400 people, 250 of them in Kaunas and around another 130 in Vilnius....
- National Security Corps (Państwowy Korpus Bezpieczeństwa)
- Polnisches Schutzmannschaftsbataillon 202Polnisches Schutzmannschaftsbataillon 202Polnisches Schutzmannschaftsbataillon 202 was a collaborationist police battalion, one of a number of Schutzmannschaften auxiliary battalions composed of Ukrainians and Poles drafted by Germans from inhabitants of General Government, as a support for the Nazi Sicherheitspolizei .Created in...