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Y1 (railcar)
Encyclopedia
The Y1 is a diesel-hydraulic
standard gauge
railcar
(single self-propelling carriage). It is in use in Croatia
, Norway
, Serbia
, Kosovo
and Sweden
.
The production of the railcars was begun in 1980 by Kalmar Verkstad and Fiat Ferroviaria
for Sweden.
. This diesel railcar was built dring the period 1954–1981. 787 vehicles were built in 12 series.
, the Swedish railways, needed new short diesel railcars for lines like Inlandsbanan
. SJ bought this model from Fiat. They were based on an existing model, but modified for Swedish needs. The first were produced in Italy, and later in Kalmar, Sweden. 100 vehicles were made during the period 1979–1981.
There were some variations, some had a cargo area, needed in the remote parts of northern Sweden where mail and packages are often transported by the passenger buses and trains. They have 68 or 76 seats, but 48 for those with cargo area. In the beginning the vehicles had Fiat engines. During the 1990s several were updated and got new Volvo DH10 bus engines.
Today most of them are owned by regional transport authorities, not by SJ. Regular lines that use these railcars today are Kinnekullebanan
, Fryksdalsbanan, Västerdalsbanan, the railway line between Hultsfred
and Nässjö and a number of other small lines all around the country, mostly low-standard routes. Lately many of these lines have replaced some of the cars with new more modern Itino
trains, but most of them are still in use. What's more since their introduction a number of lines have been electrified and electric railstock have taken over. Some have been sold to other countries. The summer-only tourist service on Inlandsbanan
also uses these railcars.
. Second-hand examples begun arriving from Sweden in 1996, and now total around 20. This units now replace " Šinobus "
units on branch lines. The 7122 is used in Istria, Dalmatia and around Bjelovar.
Almost all of the incoming units were converted to standard orange-black livery. However, in 2007, a new livery consisting of silver, blue and red was being implemented.
. Second-hand examples begun arriving from Sweden in 2005. They are all coloured in white, blue and black livery.
and Notodden
. The units do not follow the nominal naming classification of NSB, and are referred to as Y1. The cars are painted in NSB's usual red color scheme and were acquired used from the Swedish railways.
for local trains between Pristina
and Peć
. The railcars were renumbered 01, 02, 03, 04 (but still carry their old numbers below the new numbers) and have a red and yellow livery.
Diesel locomotive
A diesel locomotive is a type of railroad locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine, a reciprocating engine operating on the Diesel cycle as invented by Dr. Rudolf Diesel...
standard gauge
Standard gauge
The standard gauge is a widely-used track gauge . Approximately 60% of the world's existing railway lines are built to this gauge...
railcar
Railcar
A railcar, in British English and Australian English, is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The term "railcar" is usually used in reference to a train consisting of a single coach , with a driver's cab at one or both ends. Some railways, e.g., the Great Western...
(single self-propelling carriage). It is in use in Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
, Kosovo
Kosovo
Kosovo is a region in southeastern Europe. Part of the Ottoman Empire for more than five centuries, later the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija within Serbia...
and Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
.
The production of the railcars was begun in 1980 by Kalmar Verkstad and Fiat Ferroviaria
Fiat Ferroviaria
thumb|300px|[[FS Class E626]] locomotive, a mainstay of Italian railways starting from the 1930s.Fiat Ferroviaria was the rail division of FIAT of Italy....
for Sweden.
Italy
Y1 is based on the Italian model ALn 668ALn 668
The ALn 668 is a family of diesel railcars built by Fiat Ferroviaria for usage by the FS, State railway company ....
. This diesel railcar was built dring the period 1954–1981. 787 vehicles were built in 12 series.
Sweden
SJ ABSJ AB
SJ is a government-owned passenger train operator in Sweden. SJ was created in 2000, out of the public transport division of Statens Järnvägar, when the former government agency was divided into six separate government-owned limited companies.-Overview:SJ's operations fall broadly into subsidised...
, the Swedish railways, needed new short diesel railcars for lines like Inlandsbanan
Inlandsbanan
-External links:* - Official site* - Information for railpass travellers...
. SJ bought this model from Fiat. They were based on an existing model, but modified for Swedish needs. The first were produced in Italy, and later in Kalmar, Sweden. 100 vehicles were made during the period 1979–1981.
There were some variations, some had a cargo area, needed in the remote parts of northern Sweden where mail and packages are often transported by the passenger buses and trains. They have 68 or 76 seats, but 48 for those with cargo area. In the beginning the vehicles had Fiat engines. During the 1990s several were updated and got new Volvo DH10 bus engines.
Today most of them are owned by regional transport authorities, not by SJ. Regular lines that use these railcars today are Kinnekullebanan
Kinnekullebanan
Kinnekulle Line is a long unelectrified single track railway line from Håkantorp via Lidköping and Mariestad to Gårdsjö in Sweden. At Gårdsjö, it connects to the Western Main Line and at Håkantorp it connects with the Älvsborg Line. The line lacks both automatic train protection and centralized...
, Fryksdalsbanan, Västerdalsbanan, the railway line between Hultsfred
Hultsfred
Hultsfred is a locality and the seat of Hultsfred Municipality, Kalmar County, Sweden with 5,305 inhabitants in 2005. It is best known for the Hultsfred Festival.- References :...
and Nässjö and a number of other small lines all around the country, mostly low-standard routes. Lately many of these lines have replaced some of the cars with new more modern Itino
Bombardier Itino
Bombardier Itino Y31/Y32 is an diesel multiple unit manufactured by Bombardier Transportation, originally developed by Adtranz. It has two or three cars and is capable of 140 –160 km/h. 40 units have been built and 17 more are on order. It is in service in Germany and Sweden.-Germany:In...
trains, but most of them are still in use. What's more since their introduction a number of lines have been electrified and electric railstock have taken over. Some have been sold to other countries. The summer-only tourist service on Inlandsbanan
Inlandsbanan
-External links:* - Official site* - Information for railpass travellers...
also uses these railcars.
Croatia
It is classified as series 7122 on the Croatian RailwaysCroatian Railways
Croatian Railways is the national railway company of Croatia. It was formed after the dissolution of Yugoslavia and Yugoslav Railways.Croatia is a member of the International Union of Railways . The UIC Country Code for Croatia is 78.-Railway network:...
. Second-hand examples begun arriving from Sweden in 1996, and now total around 20. This units now replace " Šinobus "
HŽ series 7221
7221 series was a diesel motor railbus on Hrvatske Željeznice.This series was used on branch lines with low traffic. This series was very economic. Unfortunately, it was very uncomfortable. The motor was very loud when running at higher speeds.This series was conceived to be modular...
units on branch lines. The 7122 is used in Istria, Dalmatia and around Bjelovar.
Almost all of the incoming units were converted to standard orange-black livery. However, in 2007, a new livery consisting of silver, blue and red was being implemented.
Serbia
It is classified as series 710 on the Serbian RailwaysSerbian Railways
Serbian Railways is the national railway carrier of Serbia. Its current network spans a distance of 4,347 km in length, with 32% electrified railways....
. Second-hand examples begun arriving from Sweden in 2005. They are all coloured in white, blue and black livery.
Norway
Norges Statsbaner operates two units on Bratsbergbanen, between PorsgrunnPorsgrunn Station
Porsgrunn Station is a railway station serving Porsgrunn, Norway. It serves regional trains on Vestfoldbanen and local trains on Bratsbergbanen, all operated by Norges Statsbaner. The station was built as part of Vestfoldbanen, then known as Jarlsbergbanen and opened on November 24, 1882. In 1917...
and Notodden
Notodden Station
Notodden Station also known as Notodden Public Transport Terminal is a railway station serving Notodden, Norway. It is the terminal station of Bratsbergbanen and was opened in 2004...
. The units do not follow the nominal naming classification of NSB, and are referred to as Y1. The cars are painted in NSB's usual red color scheme and were acquired used from the Swedish railways.
Kosovo
A total of four former SJ Y1 (1281, 1304, 1306, 1313) were sold in 2007 to Kosovo RailwaysKosovo Railways
Kosovo Railways J.S.C is the railway carrier of Kosovo. It was originally formed as the UNMIK Railways from the lines of the former Yugoslav Railways that lie on Kosovo territory, and is owned by the state.- History :...
for local trains between Pristina
Pristina
Pristina, also spelled Prishtina and Priština is the capital and largest city of Kosovo. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous municipality and district....
and Peć
Pec
Peć or Pejë is a city and municipality in north-western Kosovo and Metohija - Serbia, and the administrative centre of the homonymous district. Governor of city is Ali Berisha....
. The railcars were renumbered 01, 02, 03, 04 (but still carry their old numbers below the new numbers) and have a red and yellow livery.