Yau Ma Tei
Encyclopedia
Yau Ma Tei, also known as Waterloo (see Name section), is an area in the Yau Tsim Mong District
Yau Tsim Mong District
Yau Tsim Mong District is one of 18 districts of Hong Kong, located on western Kowloon peninsula. It is the core urban area of Kowloon. The district has the third highest population density of all districts...

 in the south of the Kowloon Peninsula
Kowloon Peninsula
The Kowloon Peninsula is a peninsula that forms the southern part of the main landmass in the territory of Hong Kong. The Kowloon Peninsula and the area of New Kowloon are collectively known as Kowloon....

 in Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...

.

Name

Yau Ma Tei is a phonetic transliteration of the name 油麻地 in Cantonese
Cantonese
Cantonese is a dialect spoken primarily in south China.Cantonese may also refer to:* Yue Chinese, the Chinese language that includes Cantonese* Cantonese cuisine, the cuisine of Guangdong province...

. It can also be spelt as Yaumatei, Yau Ma Ti, Yaumati or Yau-ma-Tee.

Yau (油) literally means "oil", Ma (麻) can either refer to "sesame" or "jute", and Tei (地) means "field" or "open ground". Hence, Yau Ma Tei can be interpreted to mean either "oil-sesame field" or "oil and jute ground". This dual-interpretation is perhaps the reason why there are two explanations for the origin of the place name.

The area is also named Waterloo in English, after Waterloo Road. This name was used for the MTR station in the area when it was opened in 1979.

Geography

Dundas Street marks the north border of Yau Ma Tei with Mong Kok
Mong Kok
Mong Kok , less often known as Argyle , is an area in the Yau Tsim Mong District on Kowloon Peninsula, Hong Kong...

 and Austin Road
Austin Road
Austin Road is a road in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was named after John Gardiner Austin, Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong from 1868 to 1879.-Location:...

 its south border with Tsim Sha Tsui
Tsim Sha Tsui
Tsim Sha Tsui , often abbreviated as TST, is an urbanized area in southern Kowloon, Hong Kong. The area is administratively part of the Yau Tsim Mong District. Tsim Sha Tsui East is a piece of land reclaimed from the Hung Hom Bay now east of Tsim Sha Tsui...

. To its west is Victoria Harbour
Victoria Harbour
Victoria Harbour is a natural landform harbour situated between Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula in Hong Kong. The harbour's deep, sheltered waters and strategic location on the South China Sea were instrumental in Hong Kong's establishment as a British colony and its subsequent...

 and its east the hilly region of Ho Man Tin
Ho Man Tin
Ho Man Tin is a mostly residential area in Kowloon, Hong Kong, part of the Kowloon City District.-History:The original area of Ho Man Tin was quite different from the present-day one. It was located in the heart of nowaday Mong Kok. With cultivated lands,...

.

Southern Yau Ma Tei was traditionally known as Kwun Chung
Kwun Chung
Kwun Chung , or Koon Chung in early document, is an area of Hong Kong, southwest of Yau Ma Tei located in the Yau Tsim Mong District of western Kowloon Peninsula. South of the area, across Austin Road is Tsim Sha Tsui by Victoria Harbour...

, but came to be called Jordan
Jordan, Hong Kong
Jordan is an area in the Yau Tsim Mong District of Hong Kong. The unofficial area is named after a road of the same name.-Geography:Jordan is located in the central part of the Yau Tsim Mong District, as suggested by the name of some bus stops nearby...

 after the completion of Jordan MTR station at its heart.

History

Yau Ma Tei was a village in Kowloon. It was mentioned that a Chinese burial ground was assigned at a mile northeast of a village of Yau-ma-Tee at 2 December 1871.

The name Yau Ma Tei is not thought to pre-date British rule. However, Kwun Chung is mentioned in many historic documents. Kwun Chung was a river valley with village and cultivation. On the hill south near the coast was Kwun Chung Fort built by Chinese (Qing) official Lin Tse-hsu to defend against the British. During the Battle of Kwun Chung in 1839, the fort - together with Tsim Sha Tsui Fort - successfully kept the British from Kowloon. The fort with the hill was demolished for development during early British rule of Kowloon
Kowloon
Kowloon is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. It is bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait in the east, Mei Foo Sun Chuen and Stonecutter's Island in the west, Tate's Cairn and Lion Rock in the north, and Victoria Harbour in the south. It had a population of...

.

Prior to the ceding of Kowloon to the British in 1860, Yau Ma Tei was a beach and a bay gathering many Tanka
Tanka (ethnic group)
The Tankas or Boat people is a special group of people in Southern China that has traditionally lived on junks in coastal parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, and Zhejiang provinces, as well as Hong Kong and Macau...

 fishermen. Its water remains an harbour for fishermen after several times of reclamation by the Hong Kong Government. The Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter
Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter
Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter is a typhoon shelter located near Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong.-History:The Government of Hong Kong planned for the construction of a second typhoon shelter after Causeway Bay Typhoon Shelter in late 1906. In 1908 the Works Department decided to construct the typhoon...

 became an exotic water area where restaurants on boats offered dishes of indigenous seafood. These typhoon shelter dishes remain famous to this day and are even offered on land. The typhoon shelter
Typhoon shelter
A typhoon shelter is a shelter for fishing boats during typhoons. These facilities are often found in Hong Kong.-Structure:In its usual form, a typhoon shelter is usually in the form of a bay or a cove, with a narrow opening for access, as most of the opening to the seas are blocked by a man-made...

 not only hosted fishermen, but was also a port in Hong Kong. Numerous piers were built along its shore.

Ferry Point
Ferry Point, Hong Kong
Ferry Point is an area in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was at the sea front and adjacent to Jordan Road Ferry Pier....

 in the southern part of Yau Ma Tei was a transportation hub where many commuters took ferries to and from Hong Kong Island
Hong Kong Island
Hong Kong Island is an island in the southern part of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It has a population of 1,289,500 and its population density is 16,390/km², as of 2008...

. The service was offered by Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry
Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry
The Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry Company Limited , HYF, is a ferry company founded in 1897 in Hong Kong. It is commonly known as Yaumati Ferry...

.

Inland, the reclamation became the residential area for the ever-increasing Chinese population, with retail shops on the street level. Shanghai Street
Shanghai Street
Shanghai Street is a 2.3 km long street in the Jordan, Yau Ma Tei and Mong Kok areas of Kowloon, Hong Kong. Completed in 1887 under the name of Station Street , it was once the most prosperous street in Kowloon. It originates from the south at Austin Road, and terminates in the north at Lai...

 was the main street before being replaced by Nathan Road.

Along Waterloo Road, is the Fruit Market
Fruit Market
Fruit Market , also known as Yau Ma Tei Fruit Market and Yau Ma Tei Wholesale Fruit Market, is a wholesale fruit market in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong.It is known as gwo laan in Cantonese...

 which is a century old fruit market and its adjacent Yaumati Theatre
Yaumati Theatre
Yaumati Theatre , once the largest theatre in Kowloon, is located at the junction of Waterloo Road and Reclamation Street, in Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong. It is classified as "Grade II Historic Building" The abandoned building is the only remaining pre-World War II theatre in Kowloon. It is to be...

 was once the largest theatre in Kowloon. The Kwong Wah Hospital
Kwong Wah Hospital
Kwong Wah Hospital is a major hospital in South Kowloon of Hong Kong. It is located at Waterloo Road in Yau Ma Tei.The former Main Hall Building of Kwong Wah Hospital is preserved and houses the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum.-History:...

 was the first hospital on the Kowloon peninsula established in 1911. YMCA
YMCA
The Young Men's Christian Association is a worldwide organization of more than 45 million members from 125 national federations affiliated through the World Alliance of YMCAs...

 headquarters and its hostel
Hostel
Hostels provide budget oriented, sociable accommodation where guests can rent a bed, usually a bunk bed, in a dormitory and share a bathroom, lounge and sometimes a kitchen. Rooms can be mixed or single-sex, although private rooms may also be available...

 in Hong Kong are also located on that road.

Public health

Kwong Wah Hospital
Kwong Wah Hospital
Kwong Wah Hospital is a major hospital in South Kowloon of Hong Kong. It is located at Waterloo Road in Yau Ma Tei.The former Main Hall Building of Kwong Wah Hospital is preserved and houses the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum.-History:...

, run by charity Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals , with a long history from 1870, is the oldest and the largest charitable organisation in Hong Kong. Their education Services and Community Services to the community with a total of 194 service centres spreading over the territory of Hong Kong.Although it appears a...

, is the first major hospital in the area. Historically, there was a small pox hospital (油蔴地痘局) at the hill northeast of Kwong Wah Hospital. Founded by Hong Kong Government, Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
Queen Elizabeth Hospital , QE in short, is a hospital at King's Park in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was named after Queen Elizabeth II. The hospital is a major hospital in southern Kowloon. This hospital has around 1,800 beds. It has more or less 350 physicians and surgeons...

 is another major hospital in the area.

Demographics

During the 1960s and 1970s, Yau Ma Tei saw distinct development and the accompanying influx of an active, young population due to various commercial activities, such as movie theaters. These theaters have however moved or closed down, removing the incentive for development and the attractiveness of the neighborhood for the young, leaving the area with an aging population.

The higher rate of elderly also poses some practical issues: facilities for aid in mobility such as lifts and skid-proof tape on stairs have since been installed, often at the expense of the local commerce.

Sightseeing

The district is mainly an area of mixed residential and retail. Every night there is a market selling many different kinds of products including clothes, decorations, VCD and toys in Temple Street
Temple Street, Hong Kong
Temple Street is a street located in the areas of Jordan and Yau Ma Tei in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is known for its night market and one of the busiest flea markets at night in the territory. The night market is in the Yau Ma Tei, Jordan part of the street and not the Mong Kok part of the street...

, a street in the area where the famous Tin Hau Temple
Tin Hau temples in Hong Kong
Over 70 temples are dedicated to Tin Hau in Hong Kong. They include:* Tin Hau temple, located at 10 Tin Hau Temple Road, Causeway Bay, east of Victoria Park, in Eastern District, on Hong Kong Island. It is a declared monument. The temple has given its name to the MTR station serving it .* The Tin...

 was built in 1876. The Temple is at Public Square Street
Public Square Street
Public Square Street is a street in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The street runs in an east-west alignment from Cliff Road to Ching Ping Street, meeting Nathan Road, Temple Street, Shanghai Street, Reclamation Street and Canton Road in its course....

. The square, known as Yung Shue Tau
Yung Shue Tau
Yung Shue Tau is the public square before Tin Hau Temple in Yau Ma Tei of Kowloon in Hong Kong. The name in Cantonese means the head of banyan indicating banyan-covered square. Yung Shue Tau is known natively but seldom written on the maps. The square is bounded by Shanghai Street, Public...

, was a night market
Night market
Night markets or night bazaars are street markets which operate at night and are generally dedicated to more leisurely strolling, shopping, and eating than more businesslike day markets.-Geographical spread:...

.

Museums

The Hong Kong International Hobby and Toy Museum (香港國際玩具博物館), located at No. 330 Shanghai Street
Shanghai Street
Shanghai Street is a 2.3 km long street in the Jordan, Yau Ma Tei and Mong Kok areas of Kowloon, Hong Kong. Completed in 1887 under the name of Station Street , it was once the most prosperous street in Kowloon. It originates from the south at Austin Road, and terminates in the north at Lai...

, showcases models, toys and pop culture memorabilia from around the world. Exhibits include toy vehicles, dolls, action figures, cartoon characters, science fiction collectibles, model rockets, Japanese anime, classic toys.

Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum
Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum
Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum is housed in the formly Main Hall Building of Kwong Wah Hospital, located at 25 Waterloo Road, Kowloon. Only this building was preserved when Kwong Wah Hospital was re-developed in 1958–1963...

 in Kwong Wah Hospital
Kwong Wah Hospital
Kwong Wah Hospital is a major hospital in South Kowloon of Hong Kong. It is located at Waterloo Road in Yau Ma Tei.The former Main Hall Building of Kwong Wah Hospital is preserved and houses the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum.-History:...

 details the history of Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals , with a long history from 1870, is the oldest and the largest charitable organisation in Hong Kong. Their education Services and Community Services to the community with a total of 194 service centres spreading over the territory of Hong Kong.Although it appears a...

 and its relation with Hong Kong people, is also located in Yau Ma Tei.

Historic buildings

  • Tin Hau Temple
    Tin Hau temples in Hong Kong
    Over 70 temples are dedicated to Tin Hau in Hong Kong. They include:* Tin Hau temple, located at 10 Tin Hau Temple Road, Causeway Bay, east of Victoria Park, in Eastern District, on Hong Kong Island. It is a declared monument. The temple has given its name to the MTR station serving it .* The Tin...

  • Yau Ma Tei Police Station
    Yau Ma Tei Police Station
    Yau Ma Tei Police Station is a police station in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Its buildings at No. 627 Canton Road, at the junction of Public Square Street, were erected in 1922 after relocation from the junction of Public Square Street and Shanghai Street.-History:Yau Ma Tei Police Station...

  • Yau Ma Tei Fruit Market
  • Yaumati Theatre
    Yaumati Theatre
    Yaumati Theatre , once the largest theatre in Kowloon, is located at the junction of Waterloo Road and Reclamation Street, in Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong. It is classified as "Grade II Historic Building" The abandoned building is the only remaining pre-World War II theatre in Kowloon. It is to be...

  • Engineer's Office of the Former Pumping Station
    Engineer's Office of the Former Pumping Station
    The Engineer's Office of the Former Pumping Station, Water Supplies Department , sometimes called "The Red Brick House" , is located at No. 344 Shanghai Street, in Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong. It has been classified as a Grade I historical building since 2000 by the Antiquities Advisory Board in view of...

  • Old South Kowloon District Court
    Old South Kowloon District Court
    The Old South Kowloon District Court is a historic building and former Magistrate's Court in Hong Kong, located at No. 38 Gascoigne Road, Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon.-History:...

  • Kowloon Union Church

Public housing

Prosperous Garden

In the 1980s, the Government handed over the redevelopment
Redevelopment
Redevelopment is any new construction on a site that has pre-existing uses.-Description:Variations on redevelopment include:* Urban infill on vacant parcels that have no existing activity but were previously developed, especially on Brownfield land, such as the redevelopment of an industrial site...

 project of Lee Tat Street and Cheung Shui Street in Yau Mei Tei (the two streets were later removed during redevelopment) to the Hong Kong Housing Society
Hong Kong Housing Society
The Hong Kong Housing Society or Housing Society for short, is the second largest public housing provider in Hong Kong . The HKHS is a non-governmental organization and non profit organization that was founded in 1948 by "members coming from all walks of life" with a donation of £14,000...

. This became Prosperous Garden , a "Urban Improvement Scheme" estate in Public Square Street
Public Square Street
Public Square Street is a street in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The street runs in an east-west alignment from Cliff Road to Ching Ping Street, meeting Nathan Road, Temple Street, Shanghai Street, Reclamation Street and Canton Road in its course....

 Phase 1, including Block 1, 2 and 5, was completed in the site in 1991. Block 1 and 2 were for sale while Block 5 was for rental. Its Phase 2, including Block 3 and 4, was completed in 1995 and was for sale.

Hoi Fu Court

Hoi Fu Court is a mixed Home Ownership Scheme
Home Ownership Scheme
The Home Ownership Scheme is a subsidized-sale programme of public housing in Hong Kong managed by the Hong Kong Housing Authority...

 court and public estate built on reclaimed land
Land reclamation in Hong Kong
Land is in short supply in Hong Kong, and land reclamation has been conducted there since the mid-19th century.-Projects:One of the earliest and famous project was the Praya Reclamation Scheme, which added 50 to of land in 1890 during the second phase of construction...

 of the old Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter
Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter
Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter is a typhoon shelter located near Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong.-History:The Government of Hong Kong planned for the construction of a second typhoon shelter after Causeway Bay Typhoon Shelter in late 1906. In 1908 the Works Department decided to construct the typhoon...

. It is the only public housing estate built by Hong Kong Housing Authority
Hong Kong Housing Authority
The Hong Kong Housing Authority is the main provider of public housing in Hong Kong. It was established in 1973 under the Housing Ordinance and is an agency of the Government of Hong Kong...

 in the District. It comprises 6 blocks completed in 1999 and 2004.

Education

The Wah Yan College, Kowloon
Wah Yan College, Kowloon
Wah Yan College, Kowloon is a Latin Rite Catholic secondary school for boys, located at 56 Waterloo Road, Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon...

 is located in Yau Ma Tei. It's a boys' school.
The Methodist College is located in Yau Ma Tei. It's an EMI
English medium education
An English medium education system is one that uses English as the primary medium of instruction - in particular where English is not the mother tongue of the students....

 school for both boys and girls.

Transport

Nathan Road goes north-south across the heart of Yau Ma Tei. Most of buses routes via Nathan Road to the destinations in North Kowloon and New Territories
New Territories
New Territories is one of the three main regions of Hong Kong, alongside Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula. It makes up 86.2% of Hong Kong's territory. Historically, it is the region described in The Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory...

. Trains of MTR
MTR
Mass Transit Railway is the rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong. Originally opened in 1979, the system now includes 211.6 km of rail with 155 stations, including 86 railway stations and 69 light rail stops...

 shuttle beneath the road. Yau Ma Tei is served by Tsuen Wan and Kwun Tong lines on the MTR
MTR
Mass Transit Railway is the rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong. Originally opened in 1979, the system now includes 211.6 km of rail with 155 stations, including 86 railway stations and 69 light rail stops...

 metro
Rapid transit
A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway, metro or metropolitan railway system is an electric passenger railway in an urban area with a high capacity and frequency, and grade separation from other traffic. Rapid transit systems are typically located either in underground tunnels or on...

 system, at a single station with the same name, Yau Ma Tei MTR Station. The station is the terminus of Kwun Tong Line.

Other streets in the area or partly in the area include:
  • Canton Road
    Canton Road
    Canton Road is a road in Hong Kong, linking the former west reclamation shore in Tsim Sha Tsui, Jordan, Yau Ma Tei and Mong Kok on the Kowloon Peninsula. The road runs mostly parallel and west to Nathan Road. It starts from the junction with Salisbury Road in the south and ends in the north at the...

  • Portland Street
    Portland Street
    Portland Street is a popular street in Kowloon, Hong Kong. The street is known for its business and retailing skyscraper complex Langham Place, numerous restaurants and its famous red-light district.-Geography:...

  • Reclamation Street
    Reclamation Street
    Reclamation Street is a street stretching from Jordan to Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong. As its name suggests, it was built on the reclaimed western shore of the Kowloon Peninsula.-Location:Reclamation Street runs mostly parallel and west to Nathan Road...

  • Shanghai Street
    Shanghai Street
    Shanghai Street is a 2.3 km long street in the Jordan, Yau Ma Tei and Mong Kok areas of Kowloon, Hong Kong. Completed in 1887 under the name of Station Street , it was once the most prosperous street in Kowloon. It originates from the south at Austin Road, and terminates in the north at Lai...


See also

  • List of areas of Hong Kong
  • Broadway Cinematheque
    Broadway Cinematheque
    Broadway Cinematheque is a cinema in Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong, run by Broadway Circuit. Located in Prosperous Garden, a private housing estate, the cinema provides a wider spectrum of films than other cinemas in Hong Kong. The cinema hosts four houses with 640 seats...

  • Charming Garden
    Charming Garden
    Charming Garden is a Home Ownership Scheme and Private Sector Participation Scheme court in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong, built on reclaimed land of the old Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter. It was jointly developed by Hong Kong Housing Authority and Chevalier Group. It comprises 18 blocks completed...

  • Eaton Hotel Hong Kong
    Eaton Hotel Hong Kong
    Eaton Hotel Hong Kong is a four-star hotel in Hong Kong. It is owned and managed by Langham Hotels International, which is a subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Great Eagle Holdings Limited...

  • Fo Pang
    Fo Pang
    Fo Pang is a place located in a valley of Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is at the northeast of Danger Flag Hill and south of proper Ho Mun Tin. It is about present-day Wylie Road and east of Wah Yan College, Kowloon....

  • King's Park, Hong Kong
  • Kowloon Central Post Office
    Kowloon Central Post Office
    Kowloon Central Post Office is the main post office in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is located at 405 Nathan Road, Yau Ma Tei, just beneath the Kowloon Government Offices.-References:...

  • Yaumatei Ferry Pier
    Yaumatei Ferry Pier
    Yaumetei Ferry Pier was a ferry pier at the junction of Public Square Street and Ferry Street in Yau Ma Tei, Kowloon, Hong Kong...


External links

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