Yehude Simon
Encyclopedia
Yehude Simon Munaro is a Peru
vian politician (PHP) and former Prime Minister of Peru
.
descent and was born in Lima
. When he was a child his family moved to Chiclayo
to further a business selling shoes. His primary and secondary education were conducted in the Colegio Manuel Pardo and he joined the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
at the Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque
, where he later was a lecturer
. He married Nancy Valcárcel, a Chiclayo painter with whom he had four children: Jessica, Yehuda, and Yusef Yail and four grandchildren: David, Micaela, Joaquín and Isabella.
of prosperous Chiclayo by the party United Left
, and was placed second. In 1985 he applied to the Chamber of Deputies by United Left, was elected MP for Lambayeque (1985-1990), integrating the Committees on Justice and Human Rights Congress.
In 1991, he founded the Free Patriotic Movement, who was accused of being the legal wing of the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement
) rebel movement, famous for the 1996 Japanese embassy hostage crisis
in Lima. On April 5, 1992, Simon was in Europe, participating in conferences. Upon learning of the breakdown of the constitutional President Alberto Fujimori
he returned to Peru and decided to participate in the protest against the closure of the Congress of Peru
.
, some media and some opposition Peruvian politicians demanded that the Fujimori regime pardon
him.
Lambayeque Region
.
Since July 2008 he has been the president of the moderate center-left Peruvian Humanist Party.
On 14 October 2008, Simon was sworn in as President of the Peruvian Minister Cabinet
, a position akin to that of a Prime Minister. President Alan García had appointed Simon, who is politically to the left of García, in an effort to mollify the country's poor and nationalists who are considered "hard-line leftists" by the right-wing Peruvian parties.
. He resigned on 10 July 2009 and was replaced on 12 July 2009 by Ángel Javier Velásquez Quesquén.
Simon went on to apologize to the indigenous people, acknowledging the government had not properly consulted with the Amazon Indians prior to passing ten controversial laws, designed to ease foreign companies in the exploration of the Amazon
for oil
, gas
and lumber
. Simon pledged to work to persuade the Peruvian congress to repeal these controversial laws. Peru's indigenous leaders had launched protest strikes and blockades in April 2009; resulting in 34 persons killed, including 23 policemen; in bloody clashes between the Amazon Indians and the Peruvian police.
Simon was elected Congressman for Lambayeque on the list of the Alliance for the Great Change
to which Simon's Humanist Party has integrated.
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
vian politician (PHP) and former Prime Minister of Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
.
Early life and family
He is of Jewish and ItalianItalian people
The Italian people are an ethnic group that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence , and are distinguished from people...
descent and was born in Lima
Lima
Lima is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, in the central part of the country, on a desert coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima...
. When he was a child his family moved to Chiclayo
Chiclayo
Chiclayo is the capital city of the Lambayeque region in northern Peru. It is located 13 kilometers inland from the Pacific coast and 770 kilometers from the nation's capital, Lima...
to further a business selling shoes. His primary and secondary education were conducted in the Colegio Manuel Pardo and he joined the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary medicine
Veterinary Medicine is the branch of science that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals...
at the Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque
Lambayeque, Peru
Lambayeque is a city in the Lambayeque region of northern Peru. It is notable for its exceptional museums featuring artefacts from local archaeological sites. The Bruning Museum, established in the early 1900s, contains hundreds of gold and silver pieces, as well as textiles and ceramics, from the...
, where he later was a lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer is an academic rank. In the United Kingdom, lecturer is a position at a university or similar institution, often held by academics in their early career stages, who lead research groups and supervise research students, as well as teach...
. He married Nancy Valcárcel, a Chiclayo painter with whom he had four children: Jessica, Yehuda, and Yusef Yail and four grandchildren: David, Micaela, Joaquín and Isabella.
Beginning in politics: 1980s
Yehuda Simon began his political activity in 1983, when he applied for the post of MayorMayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
of prosperous Chiclayo by the party United Left
United Left (Peru)
United Left was an alliance of leftist political parties in Peru founded in 1980 by Popular Democratic Unity , Revolutionary Left Union , Peruvian Communist Party , Revolutionary Socialist Party , Revolutionary Communist Party and FOCEP.In 1984 UDP and a part of PCR converted itself into the...
, and was placed second. In 1985 he applied to the Chamber of Deputies by United Left, was elected MP for Lambayeque (1985-1990), integrating the Committees on Justice and Human Rights Congress.
In 1991, he founded the Free Patriotic Movement, who was accused of being the legal wing of the MRTA (Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement
Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement
The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement was a Marxist revolutionary group active in Peru from the early 1980s to 1997 and one of the main actors in the internal conflict in Peru...
) rebel movement, famous for the 1996 Japanese embassy hostage crisis
Japanese embassy hostage crisis
The Japanese embassy hostage crisis began on 17 December 1996 in Lima, Peru, when 14 members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement took hostage hundreds of high-level diplomats, government and military officials and business executives who were attending a party at the official residence of...
in Lima. On April 5, 1992, Simon was in Europe, participating in conferences. Upon learning of the breakdown of the constitutional President Alberto Fujimori
Alberto Fujimori
Alberto Fujimori Fujimori served as President of Peru from 28 July 1990 to 17 November 2000. A controversial figure, Fujimori has been credited with the creation of Fujimorism, uprooting terrorism in Peru and restoring its macroeconomic stability, though his methods have drawn charges of...
he returned to Peru and decided to participate in the protest against the closure of the Congress of Peru
Congress of Peru
The Congress of the Republic of Peru or the National Congress of Peru is the unicameral body that assumes legislative power in Peru.Congress consists of 130 members of congress , who are elected for five year periods in office on a proportional representation basis...
.
Imprisonment
On June 11, 1992 he was arrested along with other leaders of Patria Libre, and accused of being a subversive. Later that year he was sentenced by the judiciary to 20 years of imprisonment for the crime of "glorification of terrorism." During his 8 and a half years in prison, human rights organizations, Amnesty InternationalAmnesty International
Amnesty International is an international non-governmental organisation whose stated mission is "to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave abuses of human rights, and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated."Following a publication of Peter Benenson's...
, some media and some opposition Peruvian politicians demanded that the Fujimori regime pardon
Pardon
Clemency means the forgiveness of a crime or the cancellation of the penalty associated with it. It is a general concept that encompasses several related procedures: pardoning, commutation, remission and reprieves...
him.
Post-imprisonment: governor and Prime Minister
After being cleared of all charges, Simon served as governor of the prosperousProsperous
Prosperous is the second album by Irish folk musician Christy Moore, released in 1972. His first album, Paddy On The Road was recorded by Dominic Behan in 1969 and has long been out of print...
Lambayeque Region
Lambayeque Region
Lambayeque is a region in northwestern Peru known for its rich Moche and Chimú historical past. The region's name originates from the ancient pre-Inca civilization of the Lambayeque.-Etymology:...
.
Since July 2008 he has been the president of the moderate center-left Peruvian Humanist Party.
On 14 October 2008, Simon was sworn in as President of the Peruvian Minister Cabinet
Council of Ministers of Peru
The Cabinet of Peru is made up of all the Ministers of State. This council is presided by the President of the Council of Ministers, a position likened to that of a prime minister. That position is directly appointed by the President of the Republic...
, a position akin to that of a Prime Minister. President Alan García had appointed Simon, who is politically to the left of García, in an effort to mollify the country's poor and nationalists who are considered "hard-line leftists" by the right-wing Peruvian parties.
Resignation
In June 2009, Simon announced that he would resign as prime minister "in the coming weeks", following violence over the land rights of Amazon Indians2009 Peruvian political crisis
The 2009 Peruvian political crisis resulted from the ongoing opposition to oil development in the Peruvian Amazon, with local Native Americans opposing Petroperú and the National Police...
. He resigned on 10 July 2009 and was replaced on 12 July 2009 by Ángel Javier Velásquez Quesquén.
Simon went on to apologize to the indigenous people, acknowledging the government had not properly consulted with the Amazon Indians prior to passing ten controversial laws, designed to ease foreign companies in the exploration of the Amazon
Amazon Rainforest
The Amazon Rainforest , also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon Basin of South America...
for oil
Oil
An oil is any substance that is liquid at ambient temperatures and does not mix with water but may mix with other oils and organic solvents. This general definition includes vegetable oils, volatile essential oils, petrochemical oils, and synthetic oils....
, gas
Gas
Gas is one of the three classical states of matter . Near absolute zero, a substance exists as a solid. As heat is added to this substance it melts into a liquid at its melting point , boils into a gas at its boiling point, and if heated high enough would enter a plasma state in which the electrons...
and lumber
Lumber
Lumber or timber is wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural material for construction, or wood pulp for paper production....
. Simon pledged to work to persuade the Peruvian congress to repeal these controversial laws. Peru's indigenous leaders had launched protest strikes and blockades in April 2009; resulting in 34 persons killed, including 23 policemen; in bloody clashes between the Amazon Indians and the Peruvian police.
Congressman
In the general election, 2011Peruvian general election, 2011
The Peruvian general election, 2011 took place on 10 April 2011. Since no candidate received more than half of all valid votes, a second round was necessary to determine the winner. This second round took place on 5 June and determined the successor of Alan García, as well as 130 members of the...
Simon was elected Congressman for Lambayeque on the list of the Alliance for the Great Change
Alliance for the Great Change
- Constituent Parties :*Christian People's Party , Christian democratic and conservative, chaired by Lourdes Flores*Alliance for Progress , led by César Acuña...
to which Simon's Humanist Party has integrated.