1380s
Encyclopedia
Births
- 1380
- February 11 – Gian Francesco Poggio BraccioliniGian Francesco Poggio BraccioliniPoggio Bracciolini was an Italian scholar, writer and humanist. He recovered a great number of classical Latin texts, mostly lying forgotten in German and French monastic libraries, and disseminated manuscript copies among the educated world.- Biography :Poggio di Duccio was...
, Italian humanist (d. 1459) - September 8 – Saint Bernardino of SienaBernardino of SienaSaint Bernardino of Siena, O.F.M., was an Italian priest, Franciscan missionary, and is a Catholic saint.-Early life:...
, Italian Franciscan missionary (d. 1444) - Ghiyath al-Kashi, Persian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1429)
- Thomas à KempisThomas à KempisThomas à Kempis was a late Medieval Catholic monk and the probable author of The Imitation of Christ, which is one of the best known Christian books on devotion. His name means, "Thomas of Kempen", his home town and in German he is known as Thomas von Kempen...
, German monk and writer (d. 1471)
- February 11 – Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini
- 1381
- May 9 – Johann SchiltbergerJohann SchiltbergerJohann Schiltberger was a German traveller and writer. He was born of a noble family, probably at Hollern near Lohhof halfway between Munich and Freising.- Travels:...
, German traveller and writer (d. 1440) - October 13 – Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of ArundelThomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of ArundelThomas Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel and 10th Earl of Surrey, KG was an English nobleman, one of the principals of the deposition of Richard II, and a major figure during the reign of Henry IV.-Lineage:...
, English politician (d. 1415) - John I, Duke of BourbonJohn I, Duke of BourbonJean de Bourbon was Duke of Bourbon, from 1410 to his death and Duke of Auvergne since 1416. He was the eldest son of Louis II and Anna d'Auvergne...
(d. 1434) - Saint Rita of Cascia (d. 1457)
- May 9 – Johann Schiltberger
- 1382
- Frederick IV of Austria, Regent of TyrolCounty of TyrolThe County of Tyrol, Princely County from 1504, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, from 1814 a province of the Austrian Empire and from 1867 a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary...
and Further AustriaFurther AustriaFurther Austria or Anterior Austria was the collective name for the old possessions of the House of Habsburg in the former Swabian stem duchy of south-western Germany, including territories in the Alsace region west of the Rhine and in Vorarlberg, after the focus of the Habsburgs had moved to the...
(d. 1439) - Dawit I of EthiopiaDawit I of EthiopiaDawit I was of Ethiopia, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. He was the younger son of Newaya Krestos.-Life:...
(d. 1413) - Eric of PomeraniaEric of PomeraniaEric of Pomerania KG was King Eric III of Norway Norwegian Eirik, King Eric VII of Denmark , and as Eric King of Sweden...
, King of Norway, Sweden and Denmark (d. 1459) - Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of WarwickRichard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of WarwickRichard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Count of Aumale, KG was an English medieval nobleman and military commander.-Early Life:...
(d. 1439)
- Frederick IV of Austria, Regent of Tyrol
- 1383
- Amadeus VIII of Savoy (d. 1451)
- Pope Eugene IVPope Eugene IVPope Eugene IV , born Gabriele Condulmer, was pope from March 3, 1431, to his death.-Biography:He was born in Venice to a rich merchant family, a Correr on his mother's side. Condulmer entered the Order of Saint Augustine at the monastery of St. George in his native city...
(d. 1447) - Anne of GloucesterAnne of GloucesterAnne of Gloucester, Countess of Stafford was the eldest daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester and Eleanor de Bohun.-Family:...
, English noblewoman (d. 1438)
- 1384
- Antoine, Duke of Brabant (d. 1415)
- St Frances of Rome (d. 1440)
- Khalil Sultan, Timurid ruler in Transoxiana (d. 1411)
- 1385
- John FitzAlan, 13th Earl of ArundelJohn FitzAlan, 13th Earl of ArundelJohn FitzAlan, 13th Earl of Arundel, 3rd Baron Maltravers was an English nobleman.He was the son of John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, and Elizabeth le Despenser, and became Baron Arundel on his father's death in 1390 and Baron Maltravers on his grandmother's death in 1405...
(d. 1421) - Jan van EyckJan van EyckJan van Eyck was a Flemish painter active in Bruges and considered one of the best Northern European painters of the 15th century....
, Flemish painter (approximate date; died 1441]]) - Margaret HollandMargaret HollandMargaret Holland, Countess of Somerset was the daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, who was the son of Joan "the Fair Maid of Kent"...
, English noblewoman (d. 1429)
- John FitzAlan, 13th Earl of Arundel
- 1386
- Ashikaga YoshimochiAshikaga Yoshimochiwas the 4th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1394 to 1423 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimochi was the son of the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu....
, Japanese shogun (d. 1428) - Giovanni da CapistranoGiovanni da CapistranoSaint John of Capistrano, O.F.M., was a Franciscan friar and Catholic priest from Italy...
, Italian saint (d. 1456) - DonatelloDonatelloDonato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi , also known as Donatello, was an early Renaissance Italian artist and sculptor from Florence...
, Italian artist (d. 1466) - Mircea cel Batran, ruler of Wallachia (d. 1418)
- Niccolò PiccininoNiccolò PiccininoNiccolò Piccinino was an Italian condottiero.-Biography:He was born at Perugia, was the son of a butcher.He began his military career in the service of Braccio da Montone, who at that time was waging war against Perugia on his own account, and at the death of his chief, shortly followed by that of...
, Italian mercenary (d. 1444)
- Ashikaga Yoshimochi
- 1387
- King Henry V of EnglandHenry V of EnglandHenry V was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 35 in 1422. He was the second monarch belonging to the House of Lancaster....
(d. 1422) - King Charles III of NavarreCharles III of NavarreCharles III , called the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1387 to his death and Count of Évreux from 1387 to 1404, when he exchanged it for the title Duke of Nemours...
(d. 1425) - Isabella of Valois, Princess of France (d. 1410)
- King Henry V of England
- 1388
- Claudius Clavus, Danish geographer
- Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of ClarenceThomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of ClarenceThomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, KG , also known as Thomas Plantagenet, was the second son of King Henry IV of England and his first wife, Mary de Bohun. He was born before 25 November 1387 as on that date his father's accounts note a payment made to a woman described as his nurse...
, second son of Henry IV of EnglandHenry IV of EnglandHenry IV was King of England and Lord of Ireland . He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry Bolingbroke...
(d. 1421) - Juliana BernersJuliana BernersJuliana Berners , English writer on heraldry, hawking and hunting, is said to have been prioress of Sopwell nunnery near St Albans...
, English writer - Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of SalisburyThomas Montacute, 4th Earl of SalisburyThomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury, 6th and 3rd Baron Montacute, 5th Baron Monthermer, and Count of Perche, KG was an English nobleman...
(d. 1428)
- 1389
- John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford, son of Henry IV of EnglandHenry IV of EnglandHenry IV was King of England and Lord of Ireland . He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry Bolingbroke...
, regent of England (d. 1435) - Cosimo de' MediciCosimo de' MediciCòsimo di Giovanni degli Mèdici was the first of the Medici political dynasty, de facto rulers of Florence during much of the Italian Renaissance; also known as "Cosimo 'the Elder'" and "Cosimo Pater Patriae" .-Biography:Born in Florence, Cosimo inherited both his wealth and his expertise in...
, ruler of Florence (d. 1464) - John VI, Duke of BrittanyJohn VI, Duke of BrittanyJohn VI the Wise , was duke of Brittany, count of Montfort, and titular earl of Richmond, from 1399 to his death...
(d. 1442) - Zbigniew Oleśnicki, Polish cardinal and statesman (d. 1455)
- Antoninus of Florence, Italian archbishop
- John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford, son of Henry IV of England
Deaths
- 1380
- Philippa Plantagenet, Countess of Ulster (b. 1355)
- Saint Catherine of SienaCatherine of SienaSaint Catherine of Siena, T.O.S.D, was a tertiary of the Dominican Order, and a Scholastic philosopher and theologian. She also worked to bring the papacy of Gregory XI back to Rome from its displacement in France, and to establish peace among the Italian city-states. She was proclaimed a Doctor...
(b. 1347) - Emperor Komyo of Japan (b. 1322)
- King Charles V of FranceCharles V of FranceCharles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
(b. 1338) - Bertrand du GuesclinBertrand du GuesclinBertrand du Guesclin , known as the Eagle of Brittany or the Black Dog of Brocéliande, was a Breton knight and French military commander during the Hundred Years' War. He was Constable of France from 1370 to his death...
, Constable of France - Dafydd ap GwilymDafydd ap GwilymDafydd ap Gwilym , is regarded as one of the leading Welsh poets and amongst the great poets of Europe in the Middle Ages. Dafydd ap Gwilym (c. 1315/1320 – c. 1350/1370), is regarded as one of the leading Welsh poets and amongst the great poets of Europe in the Middle Ages. Dafydd ap Gwilym...
, Welsh poet - Haakon VI of NorwayHaakon VI of NorwayHaakon VI of Norway was King of Norway from 1343 until his death and King of Sweden from 1362 until 1364, when he was deposed by Albert of Mecklenburg in Sweden.-Background:...
(b. 1340) - Nissim of GeronaNissim of GeronaNissim ben Reuven of Girona, Catalonia was an influential talmudist and authority on Jewish law. He was one of the last of the great Spanish medieval talmudic scholars. He is also known as the RaN .-Biography:The Ran was born in Barcelona, Catalonia...
, rabbi (b. 1320)
- 1381
- St Catherine of Sweden
- Simon SudburySimon SudburySimon Sudbury, also called Simon Theobald of Sudbury and Simon of Sudbury was Bishop of London from 1361 to 1375, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1375 until his death, and in the last year of his life Lord Chancellor of England....
, Archbishop of CanterburyArchbishop of CanterburyThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group... - John CavendishJohn CavendishSir John Cavendish of Cavendish came from Cavendish, Suffolk, England. He and the village gave the name Cavendish to the aristocratic families, of the Dukedoms of Devonshire, Newcastle and Portland.-Biography:...
, English jurist - John of Ruysbroeck, Flemish mystic (b. 1293)
- Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March (b. 1351)
- Wat TylerWat TylerWalter "Wat" Tyler was a leader of the English Peasants' Revolt of 1381.-Early life:Knowledge of Tyler's early life is very limited, and derives mostly through the records of his enemies. Historians believe he was born in Essex, but are not sure why he crossed the Thames Estuary to Kent...
, English rebel
- 1382
- Janusz SuchywilkJanusz SuchywilkJanusz Suchywilk of Grzymala Coat of Arms was a Polish nobleman , relative of Jarosław z Bogorii i Skotnik....
, Polish nobleman - Joan I of NaplesJoan I of NaplesJoan I , born Joanna of Anjou, was Queen of Naples from 1343 until her death. She was also Countess of Provence and Forcalquier, Queen consort of Majorca and titular Queen of Jerusalem and Sicily 1343–82, and Princess of Achaea 1373/5–81....
(b. 1327) - KestutisKestutisKęstutis was monarch of medieval Lithuania. He was the Duke of Trakai and governed the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 1342–82, together with his brother Algirdas , and with his nephew Jogaila...
, Grand Prince of Lithuania (b. 1297) - Eleanor of Aragon, queen of John I of CastileJohn I of CastileJohn I was the king of Crown of Castile, was the son of Henry II and of his wife Juana Manuel of Castile, daughter of Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena, head of a younger branch of the royal house of Castile...
(b. 1358) - Peter II of CyprusPeter II of CyprusPeter II of Cyprus or Pierre II le Gros de Lusignan , called The Fat, was king of Cyprus from 17 January 1369 until his death.-Biography:...
, called The Fat - Philip van ArteveldePhilip van ArteveldePhilip van Artevelde was a Flemish patriot, the son of Jacob van Artevelde. Because of his father's prominence he was godson of English queen Philippa of Hainault, who held him in her arms during his baptism....
, Flemish patriot (b. 1340) - Louis I of Hungary (b. 1326)
- Nicole Oresme, French philosopher (b. 1325)
- Janusz Suchywilk
- 1383
- Amadeus VI of Savoy (b. 1334)
- Thomas de Ros, 5th Baron de RosThomas de Ros, 5th Baron de RosThomas de Ros, 5th Baron de Ros of Helmsley was the son of William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros, and the brother of William de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros....
(b. 1338) - John VI Cantacuzenus, Byzantine emperor (b. c. 1292)
- King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)
- 1384
- Geert GrooteGeert GrooteGerard Groote , otherwise Gerrit or Gerhard Groet, in Latin Gerardus Magnus, was a Dutch preacher and founder of the Brethren of the Common Life and a key figure in the Devotio Moderna movement....
, Dutch preacher and founder of the Brethren of the Common LifeBrethren of the Common LifeThe Brethren of the Common Life was a Roman Catholic pietist religious community founded in the 14th century by Gerard Groote, formerly a successful and worldly educator who had had a religious experience and preached a life of simple devotion to Jesus Christ...
(b. 1340) - John Wyclif, English theologian and Bible translator (b. 1328)
- Ruaidri mac Tairdelbach Ua ConchobairRuaidri mac Tairdelbach Ua ConchobairRuaidri mac Tairdelbach Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht, died 1384.The Annals of the Four Masters say of him:"Rory, the son of Turlough O'Conor, King of Connaught, died of the plague on the night of St...
, King of Connacht - Joanna of Dreux, countess of Penthièvre and nominal Duchess of Brittany (b. 1319)
- John of FordunJohn of FordunJohn of Fordun was a Scottish chronicler. It is generally stated that he was born at Fordoun, Mearns. It is certain that he was a secular priest, and that he composed his history in the latter part of the 14th century; and it is probable that he was a chaplain in the St Machar's Cathedral of...
, Scottish chronicler - KanamiKanamiKan'ami Kiyotsugu , was a Japanese Noh actor, author, and musician during the Muromachi period. Born Yūzaki Kiyotsugu in Iga Province, Kan'ami also went by the names 'Miyomaru' and 'Kanza Kiyotsugu' ....
, Japanese NohNoh, or - derived from the Sino-Japanese word for "skill" or "talent" - is a major form of classical Japanese musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century. Many characters are masked, with men playing male and female roles. Traditionally, a Noh "performance day" lasts all day and...
actor and playwright (b. 1333) - LubartLubartLiubartas was the ruler of Galicia–Volhynia, in present-day Ukraine. He was the youngest son of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania. Ca. 1320 or ca. 1323 he married a daughter of Andrew of Galicia and ruled Lutsk in eastern Volhynia. After Andrew and his brother Lev II died ca...
, King of Galicia - Peter of EnghienPeter of EnghienPeter of Enghien was Count of Lecce from 1380 to 1384.He inherited the County of Lecce on the death of his father, John of Enghien, in 1380. He married Margaret, daughter of Guy of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny. However, the marriage was childless, and he was succeeded in Lecce by his sister, Mary...
, Count of Lecce
- Geert Groote
- 1385 – Joan of KentJoan of KentJoan, Countess of Kent , known to history as The Fair Maid of Kent, was the first English Princess of Wales...
, wife of Edward, the Black PrinceEdward, the Black PrinceEdward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall, Prince of Aquitaine, KG was the eldest son of King Edward III of England and his wife Philippa of Hainault as well as father to King Richard II of England....
(b. 1328)
- 1386
- Duke Leopold III of Austria (b. 1351)
- James AudleyJames AudleySir James Audley KG was one of the original knights, or founders, of the Order of the Garter. He was the eldest son of Sir James Audley of Stratton Audley in Oxfordshire.-Biography:...
, English knight
- 1387
- Franz AckermanFranz AckermanFrans Ackerman , sometimes given as Franz or French Ackerman, was one of the most famous Flemish statesmen of the 14th century....
, Flemish statesman (b. 1330) - Olaf IV of Norway/Olaf III of Denmark (b. 1370)
- Peter IV of AragonPeter IV of AragonPeter IV, , called el Cerimoniós or el del punyalet , was the King of Aragon, King of Sardinia and Corsica , King of Valencia , and Count of Barcelona Peter IV, (Balaguer, September 5, 1319 – Barcelona, January 6, 1387), called el Cerimoniós ("the Ceremonious") or el del punyalet ("the one...
(b. 1319) - Richard Og BurkeRichard Og BurkeRichard Og Burke was an Irish nobleman, the son of Sir Ulick Burke, and the second Mac William Uachtar, head of Clanricarde.He married a daughter of O'Madden of Síol Anmchadha....
, second ClanricardeClanricardeClanricarde was a term meaning both a territory and a title in Ireland between the 13th and early 20th centuries.-Territory:The territory, in what is now County Galway, Ireland, stretched from the barony of County Clare in the north-west along the borders of County Mayo, to the River Shannon in the... - Peter de la MarePeter de la MareSir Peter de la Mare was an English politician and Presiding Officer of the House of Commons during the Good Parliament of 1376....
, English politician - King Charles II of NavarreCharles II of NavarreCharles II , called "Charles the Bad", was King of Navarre 1349-1387 and Count of Évreux 1343-1387....
(b. 1332)
- Franz Ackerman
- 1388
- Simon de BurleySimon de BurleySir Simon de Burley, KG was holder of the offices of Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Constable of Dover Castle between 1384-88, and was a Knight of the Garter....
, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports - James Douglas, 2nd Earl of DouglasJames Douglas, 2nd Earl of DouglasSir James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas and Mar was an influential and powerful magnate in the Kingdom of Scotland.-Early life:He was the eldest son and heir of William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas and Margaret, Countess of Mar...
- Thomas UskThomas UskThomas Usk was appointed the under-sheriff of London by Richard II in 1387.- Author of The Testament of Love :Born in London, he is the author of The Testament of Love, which was once thought to be by Geoffrey Chaucer.- Appeal :...
, English author
- Simon de Burley
- 1389
- Murad IMurad IMurad I was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1361 to 1389...
, emperor of the Ottoman EmpireOttoman EmpireThe Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
(b. 1319) - Prince Lazar, Prince of SerbiaSerbiaSerbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
- Pope Urban VIPope Urban VIPope Urban VI , born Bartolomeo Prignano, was Pope from 1378 to 1389.-Biography:Born in Itri, he was a devout monk and learned casuist, trained at Avignon. On March 21, 1364, he was consecrated Archbishop of Acerenza in the Kingdom of Naples...
(b. c. 1318) - Dimitri DonskoiDmitri DonskoiSaint Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy , or Dmitry of the Don, sometimes referred to as Dmitry I , son of Ivan II the Meek of Moscow , reigned as the Prince of Moscow from 1359 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1363 to his death. He was the first prince of Moscow to openly challenge Mongol authority in...
, Russian tsarTsarTsar is a title used to designate certain European Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers. As a system of government in the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire, it is known as Tsarist autocracy, or Tsarism... - Isabel Macduff, 9th Countess of Fife
- Hayam WurukHayam WurukHayam Wuruk, also called Rajasanagara, , was a Javanese King and the fourth monarch of Majapahit empire. Together with his prime minister Gajah Mada, he reigned the empire at the time of its greatest power. He was preceded by Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi and succeeded by his son in law...
, Ruler of the Majapahit EmpireMajapahit EmpireMajapahit was a vast archipelagic empire based on the island of Java from 1293 to around 1500. Majapahit reached its peak of glory during the era of Hayam Wuruk, whose reign from 1350 to 1389 marked by conquest which extended through Southeast Asia. His achievement is also credited to his prime...
on Java (b. 1334)
- Murad I