Incumbents

• Monarch
  Monarchy in Australia
  The Monarchy of Australia is a form of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Australia. The monarchy is a constitutional one modelled on the Westminster style of parliamentary government, incorporating features unique to the Constitution of Australia.The present monarch is...
  
   – King George V
  George V of the United Kingdom
  George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
  
  
• Governor-General
  Governor-General of Australia
  The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
  
   – The Right Hon. Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron Denman
  Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron Denman
  Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron Denman GCMG, KCVO, PC was a British Liberal politician and the fifth Governor-General of Australia.-Early years:...
  
  
• Prime Minister
  Prime Minister of Australia
  The Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
  
   – Andrew Fisher
  Andrew Fisher
  Andrew Fisher was an Australian politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister on three separate occasions. Fisher's 1910-13 Labor ministry completed a vast legislative programme which made him, along with Protectionist Alfred Deakin, the founder of the statutory structure of the new nation...
  
   (until 24 June), then Joseph Cook
  Joseph Cook
  Sir Joseph Cook, GCMG was an Australian politician and the sixth Prime Minister of Australia. Born as Joseph Cooke and working in the coal mines of Silverdale, Staffordshire during his early life, he emigrated to Lithgow, New South Wales during the late 1880s, and became General-Secretary of the...
  
  

State premiers

• Premier of New South Wales – James McGowen
  James McGowen
  James Sinclair Taylor McGowen was an Australian politician and the first Labor Premier of New South Wales from 21 October 1910 to 30 June 1913.-Early life and family:...
  
   (until 29 June), then William Holman
  William Holman
  William Arthur Holman was an Australian Labor Party Premier of New South Wales, Australia, who split with the party on the conscription issue in 1916 during World War I, and immediately became Premier of a conservative Nationalist Party Government.-Early life:Holman was born in St Pancras, London,...
  
  
• Premier of Queensland – Digby Denham
  Digby Denham
  Digby Frank Denham was an Australian politician, businessman and leading Queensland Orangeman. He was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 1902 until 1915 representing the seat of Oxley, and was Premier of Queensland from 7 February 1911 to 1 June 1915...
  
  
• Premier of South Australia – Archibald Peake
  Archibald Peake
  Archibald Henry Peake was an Australian politician and the 25th Premier of South Australia, serving on three separate occasions in the 1910s.-Early life and career:...
  
  
• Premier of Tasmania – Albert Solomon
  Albert Solomon
  Albert Edgar Solomon was an Australian politician. He was Premier of Tasmania from 14 June 1912 to 6 April 1914....
  
  
• Premier of Victoria – William Watt
  William Watt
  William Alexander Watt PC was an Australian politician who was the 24th Premier of Victoria, and later a leading federal politician and Speaker of the House of Representatives....
  
   (until 9 December), then George Elmslie
  George Elmslie (Australian politician)
  George Alexander Elmslie , Australian politician, was the 25th Premier of Victoria, and the first Labor Premier....
  
  
• Premier of Western Australia
  Premier of Western Australia
  The Premier of Western Australia is the head of the executive government in the Australian State of Western Australia. The Premier has similar functions in Western Australia to those performed by the Prime Minister of Australia at the national level, subject to the different Constitutions...
  
   – John Scaddan
  John Scaddan
  John Scaddan, CMG , popularly known as "Happy Jack", was Premier of Western Australia from 7 October 1911 until 27 July 1916.- Biography :...
  
  

State governors

• Governor of New South Wales – Frederic Thesiger, 3rd Baron Chelmsford
  Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford
  Frederic John Napier Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, GBE, PC was a British statesman who served as Governor of Queensland , Governor of New South Wales from 1909 to 1913, and Viceroy of India from 1916 to 1921, where he was responsible for the creation of the Montagu-Chelmsford...
  
   (until 11 March), then Sir Gerald Strickland
  Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland
  Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland, 6th Count of Catena, GCMG was a Maltese and British politician and peer, who served as Prime Minister of Malta, Governor of the Leeward Islands, Governor of Tasmania, Governor of Western Australia and Governor of New South Wales.-Early...
  
   (from 14 March)
• Governor of Queensland – Sir William MacGregor
  William MacGregor
  Sir William MacGregor GCMG, CB was a Lieutenant-Governor of British New Guinea, Governor of Newfoundland and Governor of Queensland.-Early life:...
  
  
• Governor of South Australia – Admiral Sir Day Bosanquet
  Day Bosanquet
  Admiral Sir Day Hort Bosanquet GCVO, KCB was the Governor of South Australia from 18 February 1909 until 22 March 1914.-Naval career:Born in Alnwick in Northumberland, Bosanquet joined the Royal Navy in 1857...
  
  
• Governor of Tasmania – Major General Sir Harry Barron
  Harry Barron
  Major General Sir Harry Barron KCMG, CVO was Governor of Tasmania from 1909 to 1913, and Governor of Western Australia from 1913 to 1917....
  
   (until 10 March), then Sir William Ellison-Macartney
  William Ellison-Macartney
  Sir William Grey Ellison-Macartney, KCMG was a British politician, who also served as the Governor of the Australian states of Tasmania and Western Australia.-Early life:...
  
   (from 4 June)
• Governor of Victoria – Sir John Fuller
  Sir John Fuller, 1st Baronet
  Sir John Michael Fleetwood Fuller, 1st Baronet KCMG , was a British Liberal Party politician and colonial administrator....
  
  
• Governor of Western Australia
  Governor of Western Australia
  The Governor of Western Australia is the representative in Western Australia of Australia's Monarch, Queen Elizabeth II. The Governor performs important constitutional, ceremonial and community functions, including:* presiding over the Executive Council;...
  
   – Sir Gerald Strickland
  Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland
  Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland, 6th Count of Catena, GCMG was a Maltese and British politician and peer, who served as Prime Minister of Malta, Governor of the Leeward Islands, Governor of Tasmania, Governor of Western Australia and Governor of New South Wales.-Early...
  
   (until 4 March), then Major General Sir Harry Barron
  Harry Barron
  Major General Sir Harry Barron KCMG, CVO was Governor of Tasmania from 1909 to 1913, and Governor of Western Australia from 1913 to 1917....
  
   (from 17 March)

Events

• 2 January – Australian philately
  Postage stamps and postal history of Australia
  This is an overview of the postage stamps and postal history of Australia.- Postal history :The six self-governing Australian colonies that formed the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901 operated their own postal service and issued their own stamps – see articles on the systems on New South...
  
   proper begins in early 1913 with the Kangaroo and Map
  Kangaroo and Map
  The Kangaroo and Map is the commonly used name for the first stamp issues of the Australian Commonwealth.They were issued in 1913, over 12 years after Federation. Although the delay had several causes, one of the major reasons was political wrangling regarding the design...
  
   series of stamps, featuring a kangaroo standing on a map of Australia, and inscribed "AUSTRALIA POSTAGE".
• 12 March – Canberra
  Canberra
  Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory , south-west of Sydney, and north-east of Melbourne...
  
   is named by Lady Denman
  Gertrude Denman
  Gertrude Mary Denman, Baroness Denman, GBE , née Pearson, sometimes known as Trudie, was a British woman active in women's rights issues including the promotion of Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom...
  
  
• 1 May – The first national banknotes
  Australian pound
  The pound was the currency of Australia from 1910 until 13 February 1966, when it was replaced by the Australian dollar. It was subdivided into 20 shillings, each of 12 pence.- Earlier Australian currencies :...
  
   were introduced in denominations of 10 shillings, and 1, 5, and 10 pounds.
• 31 May – Australian referendum, 1913
  Australian referendum, 1913
  The 1913 Australian Referendum was held on 31 May 1913. It contained six referendum questions.* Trade and Commerce * Corporations * Industrial Matters * Trusts ...
  
   contained six questions: Trade and Commerce
  Australian referendum, 1913 (Trade and Commerce)
  The Constitution Alteration 1912 was a question was put to referendum in the Australian referendum, 1913. With this question, the Australian government sought to extend its power over trade and commerce.-Question:...
  
  , Corporations
  Australian referendum, 1913 (Corporations)
  Constitution Alteration 1912 was a question put to referendum in the Australian referendum, 1913. It sought to extend the Commonwealth Parliament's power to make laws with respect to corporations.-Results:...
  
  , Industrial Matters
  Australian referendum, 1913 (Industrial Matters)
  The Australian referendum, 1913 , or more correctly, Constitution Alteration 1912, was a question put to referendum in the Australian referendum, 1913...
  
  , Trusts
  Australian referendum, 1913 (Trusts)
  Constitution Alteration 1912 sought to give the Commonwealth Parliament power to make laws with respect to trusts.The question was put to a referendum in the Australian referendum, 1913.-Results:...
  
  , Monopolies
  Australian referendum, 1913 (Monopolies)
  Constitution Alteration 1912 sought to give the Commonwealth Parliament power to make laws with respect to monopolies.The question was put to a referendum in the Australian referendum, 1913.-Results:...
  
  , Railway Disputes
  Australian referendum, 1913 (Railway Disputes)
  Constitution Alteration 1912 sought to give the Commonwealth Parliament power over industrial relations in the State railway services.The question was put to a referendum in the Australian referendum, 1913.-Results:...
  
  . None of these were carried.
• 21 June – HMAS Australia
  HMAS Australia (1911)
  HMAS Australia was one of three s built for the defence of the British Empire. Ordered by the Australian government in 1909, she was launched in 1911, and commissioned as flagship of the fledgling Royal Australian Navy in 1913...
  
  , commissioned at Portsmouth and sailed to Australia to become the Australian flagship
  Flagship
  A flagship is a vessel used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships, reflecting the custom of its commander, characteristically a flag officer, flying a distinguishing flag...
  
  .

• Royal Commission appointed to inquire into certain charges against Mr. Henry Chinn; Chinn was supervising engineer for the transcontinental railway in Western Australia.
• Royal Commission on Northern Territory railways and ports
• Royal Commission on powellised timber
• Golden Fleece Company established by HC Sleigh; acquired by Caltex
  Caltex
  Caltex is a petroleum brand name of Chevron Corporation used in more than 60 countries in the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, and southern Africa.-History:...
  
   in 1981
  1981 in Australia
  -Incumbents:*Queen of Australia – Elizabeth II*Governor General – Sir Zelman Cowen*Prime Minister – Malcolm Fraser*Premier of New South Wales – Neville Wran*Premier of South Australia – David Tonkin*Premier of Queensland – Joh Bjelke-Petersen...
  
  
• The Workers' Educational Association
  Workers' Educational Association
  The Workers’ Educational Association seeks to provide access to education and lifelong learning for adults from all backgrounds, and in particular those who have previously missed out on education. The International Federation of Workers Education Associations has consultative status to UNESCO...
  
   founded; it is Australia's largest non-government adult community education organisation.
• From 1859
  1859 in Australia
  See also:1858 in Australia,other events of 1859,1860 in Australia and theTimeline of Australian history.- Governors:Governors of the Australian colonies:*Governor of New South Wales — Sir William Denison*Governor of Queensland — Sir George Bowen...
  
   until 1913, a squadron of the Royal Navy
  Royal Navy
  The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
  
   was maintained in Australian waters.
• Norfolk Island Act 1913 meant that Norfolk Island
  Norfolk Island
  Norfolk Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia, but it enjoys a large degree of self-governance...
  
   became an Australia Territory under the authority of the Australian Commonwealth.

Science and technology

• Amalgamation took place between Marconi's Wireless Telegraph Co. Ltd and the Australian Wireless Company forming Amalgamated Wireless Australasia Limited
  Amalgamated Wireless Australasia Limited
  Amalgamated Wireless Ltd . Throughout most of the 20th century AWA was Australia's largest and most prominent electronics organisation, undertaking development, manufacture and distribution of radio, telecommunications, television and audio equipment as well as broadcasting services.After the...
  
  .
• The first totalisator, an entirely mechanical system invented by the Australian George Julius
  George Julius
  Sir George Alfred Julius was the founder of Julius Poole & Gibson Pty Ltd and Automatic Totalisators Ltd, and invented the world's first automatic totalisator.-Early years:...
  
   of Julius Poole & Gibson Pty Ltd, was installed at Ellerslie
  Ellerslie, New Zealand
  Ellerslie is a suburb of the city of Auckland, New Zealand. It is seven kilometres to the southeast of the city centre, close to State Highway 1...
  
   Racecourse in New Zealand
  New Zealand
  New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
  
  .

Film

• Moondyne
  Moondyne
  Moondyne is an 1879 novel by John Boyle O'Reilly, which was made into a film of the same name in 1913. It is very loosely based on the life of the Western Australian convict escapee and bushranger Moondyne Joe.-Background:...
  
  
• Australia Calls, Raymond Longford's last film for Cozens Spencer was released.
• Frank Hurley
  Frank Hurley
  James Francis "Frank" Hurley, OBE was an Australian photographer and adventurer. He participated in a number of expeditions to Antarctica and served as an official photographer with Australian forces during both world wars.His artistic style produced many memorable images but he also used staged...
  
  's actuality film, The Home of the Blizzard, about the Douglas Mawson
  Douglas Mawson
  Sir Douglas Mawson, OBE, FRS, FAA was an Australian geologist, Antarctic explorer and Academic. Along with Roald Amundsen, Robert Falcon Scott, and Ernest Shackleton, Mawson was a key expedition leader during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.-Early work:He was appointed geologist to an...
  
   expedition to Antarctica, was released.

Sport

• The 1913 NSWRFL Premiership is won by Eastern Suburbs
  Sydney Roosters
  The Sydney Roosters are an Australian professional rugby league football club based in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney. The club competes in the National Rugby League and is one of the oldest and most successful clubs in Australian rugby league history, having won twelve New South Wales Rugby League...
  
  
• Posinatus wins the Melbourne Cup
  Melbourne Cup
  The Melbourne Cup is Australia's major Thoroughbred horse race. Marketed as "the race that stops a nation", it is a 3,200 metre race for three-year-olds and over. It is the richest "two-mile" handicap in the world, and one of the richest turf races...
  
  
• South Australia
  Southern Redbacks
  The South Australia cricket team, nicknamed the Southern Redbacks and known as the West End Redbacks due to their sponsorship agreement with local brewers West End, are an Australian first class cricket team based in Adelaide, South Australia, and represent the state of South Australia...
  
   wins the 1912–13 Sheffield Shield
  Pura Cup
  The Sheffield Shield is the domestic cricket competition of Australia. The tournament is contested between teams from the six states of Australia. Prior to the Shield being established, a number of intercolonial matches were played. The Shield, donated by Lord Sheffield, was first contested during...
  
  
• The Australian cricket team
  Australian cricket team
  The Australian cricket team is the national cricket team of Australia. It is the joint oldest team in Test cricket, having played in the first Test match in 1877...
  
   toured USA
  United States
  The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
  
   and Canada
  Canada
  Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
  
   in June to August, playing five matches, four in Philadelphia and one in Toronto
  Toronto
  Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
  
  .

Births

• 24 January – Ray Stehr
  Ray Stehr
  Raymond Ernest Stehr was an Australian rugby league footballer, a state and national representative player whose club career was played at Sydney's Eastern Suburbs club. He has been named as one of the nation's finest footballers of the 20th century.-Early life:Stehr was born in the country New...
  
   (d. 1983), rugby league footballer
• 20 February – Mary Durack
  Mary Durack
  Dame Mary Durack AC DBE was an Australian author and historian. She wrote Kings in Grass Castles and Keep Him My Country.-Childhood:...
  
  , author and historian (d. 1994)
• 6 March – Ken Kennedy, ice speed skater (d. 1985)
• 4 April – Dave Brown (d. 1974), rugby league footballer
• 2 October – Roma Mitchell
  Roma Mitchell
  Dame Roma Flinders Mitchell, AC, DBE, CVO, QC was an Australian lawyer, judge and state governor. Mitchell was the first Australian woman to be a judge, a Queen's Counsel, a chancellor of an Australian university and the Governor of an Australian state.Roma Mitchell was born in Adelaide in 1913,...
  
  , Australia's first female QC
  Queen's Counsel
  Queen's Counsel , known as King's Counsel during the reign of a male sovereign, are lawyers appointed by letters patent to be one of Her [or His] Majesty's Counsel learned in the law...
  
  , and first female judge; judge of the Supreme Court of South Australia
  Supreme Court of South Australia
  The Supreme Court of South Australia is the superior court for the Australian State of South Australia. It has unlimited jurisdiction within the state in civil matters, and hears the most serious criminal matters. The Supreme Court is the highest South Australian court in the Australian court...
  
   and subsequently Governor of South Australia
  Governors of South Australia
  The Governor of South Australia is the representative in the Australian state of South Australia of Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level.In...
  
  .
• 30 December – Elyne Mitchell
  Elyne Mitchell
  Elyne Mitchell, OAM was an Australian author noted for the Silver Brumby series of children's novels...
  
  , Australian author (d. 2002)