1922 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- January 2 - The first edition of the newspaper Poblacht na hÉireann is published. It is established by republican opponents to the Anglo-Irish TreatyAnglo-Irish TreatyThe Anglo-Irish Treaty , officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and representatives of the secessionist Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of...
who declare their fealty to the Irish RepublicIrish RepublicThe Irish Republic was a revolutionary state that declared its independence from Great Britain in January 1919. It established a legislature , a government , a court system and a police force...
. - January 6 - The terms of the Anglo-Irish TreatyAnglo-Irish TreatyThe Anglo-Irish Treaty , officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and representatives of the secessionist Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of...
are published. Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
offers his resignation as President. - January 7 - Dáil ÉireannDáil ÉireannDáil Éireann is the lower house, but principal chamber, of the Oireachtas , which also includes the President of Ireland and Seanad Éireann . It is directly elected at least once in every five years under the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote...
votes on the Treaty following Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
's motion for approval. The result is 64 in favour and 57 against. - January 9 - Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
fails to be re-elected as President of the Irish RepublicIrish RepublicThe Irish Republic was a revolutionary state that declared its independence from Great Britain in January 1919. It established a legislature , a government , a court system and a police force...
. - January 10 - Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
is elected President of the Provisional Government. Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
becomes Minister for FinanceMinister for Finance (Ireland)The Minister for Finance is the title held by the Irish government minister responsible for all financial and monetary matters. The office-holder controls the Department of Finance and is considered one of the most important members of the Government of Ireland.The current Minister for Finance is...
. Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
and 56 of his supporters walk out of Dáil ÉireannDáil ÉireannDáil Éireann is the lower house, but principal chamber, of the Oireachtas , which also includes the President of Ireland and Seanad Éireann . It is directly elected at least once in every five years under the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote...
. - January 12 - The British Government releases remaining Irish prisoners captured in the War of IndependenceIrish War of IndependenceThe Irish War of Independence , Anglo-Irish War, Black and Tan War, or Tan War was a guerrilla war mounted by the Irish Republican Army against the British government and its forces in Ireland. It began in January 1919, following the Irish Republic's declaration of independence. Both sides agreed...
. - January 16 - Dublin CastleDublin CastleDublin Castle off Dame Street, Dublin, Ireland, was until 1922 the fortified seat of British rule in Ireland, and is now a major Irish government complex. Most of it dates from the 18th century, though a castle has stood on the site since the days of King John, the first Lord of Ireland...
handed over to Michael Collins - January 30 - The first meeting of the committee to draft a constitution for the Irish Free StateIrish Free StateThe Irish Free State was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand...
takes place under the chairmanship of Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
. - January 31 - The first edition of Iris OifigiúilIris OifigiúilIris Oifigiúil replaced the former Dublin Gazette on 31 January 1922 as the official newspaper of record of the Irish Free State, the state which has since become known as Ireland....
is published: it is the newspaper of record of the state and replaces the Dublin GazetteDublin GazetteThe Dublin Gazette was the Gazette, or official newspaper, of the Irish Executive, Britain's government in Ireland based at Dublin Castle, between 1705 and 1922...
(founded 7 November 1706; last issue 27 January 1922). - February 1 - The formal handing over of Beggar's Bush BarracksBeggars Bush (Dublin)Beggars Bush is the name of a former barracks on Haddington Road in Dublin, Ireland, as well the surrounding area and a nearby pub.The barracks dates from 1827 and is bordered to the east by Shelbourne Road, which used to be the western bank of the River Dodder.-History:The British Army used the...
takes place in Dublin. This marks the first act of British military withdrawal from Ireland. - February 7 - At the opening of the British parliament in WestminsterParliament of the United KingdomThe Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
, King George VGeorge V of the United KingdomGeorge V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
says that the world is anxiously awaiting the final establishment of the Irish Free StateIrish Free StateThe Irish Free State was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand...
. - February 10 - The Treaty BillIrish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922The Irish Free State Act 1922 was an Act of the British Parliament passed on 31 March 1922. It gave the force of law to the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which was scheduled to the Act.-Main provisions:...
is introduced in the British House of CommonsBritish House of CommonsThe House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
. It provides for the dissolution of the "Southern Ireland" parliament and the election of a parliament to which the Provisional Government will be responsible. - February 12 - At the launch of the Republican Party, Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
says that the Treaty denies the sovereignty of the Irish people. - February 17 - Existing British postage stampPostage stampA postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage. Typically, stamps are made from special paper, with a national designation and denomination on the face, and a gum adhesive on the reverse side...
s issued with overprintOverprintAn overprint is an additional layer of text or graphics added to the face of a postage stamp or banknote after it has been printed. Post offices most often use overprints for internal administrative purposes such as accounting but they are also employed in public mail...
Rialtas Sealadach na hÉireann 1922. - April 1 - The British Government orders the release of all Irish prisoners in British prisons convicted of seditionSeditionIn law, sedition is overt conduct, such as speech and organization, that is deemed by the legal authority to tend toward insurrection against the established order. Sedition often includes subversion of a constitution and incitement of discontent to lawful authority. Sedition may include any...
. - April 26 - The Irish Hierarchy implores the people of Ireland to accept the Treaty and to make the best of the freedom which it brings.
- May 4 - A conference at the Mansion House, DublinMansion House, DublinThe Mansion House on Dawson Street, Dublin, is the official residence of the Lord Mayor of Dublin since 1715.-Features:The Mansion House's most famous features include the "Round Room", where the First Dáil assembled on 21 January 1919 to proclaim the Irish Declaration of Independence...
between both sections of the Irish Republican ArmyRoyal Irish Regiment (1684-1922)The Royal Irish Regiment, until 1881 the 18th Regiment of Foot, was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, first raised in 1684. Also known as the 18th Regiment of Foot and the 18th Regiment of Foot, it was one of eight Irish regiments raised largely in Ireland, its home depot in...
secures a three-day truce. - May 16 - The final group of British troops leave the Curragh Army Camp.
- May 20 - "Pact" between de Valera and Collins provides that Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
contest election as a single party - May 22 - Two hundred men, all Catholics, are arrested and interned under the Special Powers Act after a period of public disorder and the murder of a member of the Parliament of Northern IrelandParliament of Northern IrelandThe Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which sat from 7 June 1921 to 30 March 1972, when it was suspended...
, mostly on the Argenta prison shipPrison shipA prison ship, historically sometimes called a prison hulk, is a vessel used as a prison, often to hold convicts awaiting transportation to penal colonies. This practice was popular with the British government in the 18th and 19th centuries....
moored in Belfast LoughBelfast LoughBelfast Lough is a large, natural intertidal sea lough at the mouth of the River Lagan on the east coast of Northern Ireland. The inner part of the lough comprises a series of mudflats and lagoons. The outer lough is restricted to mainly rocky shores with some small sandy bays...
. They include national spokesman Sean Nethercott and national leader Cahir HealyCahir HealyCahir Healy was an Irish politician.Born in Mountcharles in County Donegal, he became a journalist working on various local papers. He joined Sinn Féin on its foundation in 1905. He later campaigned against the inclusion of County Fermanagh and County Tyrone in Northern Ireland, arguing that they...
. - June 12 - At Windsor CastleWindsor CastleWindsor Castle is a medieval castle and royal residence in Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, notable for its long association with the British royal family and its architecture. The original castle was built after the Norman invasion by William the Conqueror. Since the time of Henry I it...
, King George VGeorge V of the United KingdomGeorge V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
receives the colours of the six Irish regiments that are to be disbanded - the Royal Irish RegimentRoyal Irish Regiment (1684-1922)The Royal Irish Regiment, until 1881 the 18th Regiment of Foot, was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, first raised in 1684. Also known as the 18th Regiment of Foot and the 18th Regiment of Foot, it was one of eight Irish regiments raised largely in Ireland, its home depot in...
, the Connaught Rangers, the South Irish HorseSouth Irish HorseThe South Irish Horse was a Territorial Yeomanry regiment of the British Army. Formed on the 2nd January 1902 as the South of Ireland Imperial Yeomanry. It was renamed as the South Irish Horse from 7 July 1908 and transferred to the Special Reserve...
, the Prince of Wales Leinster Regiment, the Royal Munster FusiliersRoyal Munster FusiliersThe Royal Munster Fusiliers was a regular infantry regiment of the British Army. One of eight Irish regiments raised largely in Ireland, it had its home depot in Tralee. It was originally formed in 1881 by the amalgamation of two regiments of the former East India Company. It served in India and...
and the Royal Dublin Fusiliers. - June 1 - Official founding of the Royal Ulster ConstabularyRoyal Ulster ConstabularyThe Royal Ulster Constabulary was the name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2000. Following the awarding of the George Cross in 2000, it was subsequently known as the Royal Ulster Constabulary GC. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary...
. - June 16 - Pro-treaty candidates receive 75 percent of the vote in the general electionIrish general election, 1922The Irish general election of 1922 took place in Southern Ireland on 16 June 1922, under the provisions of the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty to elect a constituent assembly paving the way for the formal establishment of the Irish Free State...
. - June 22 - IRAIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
agents assassinate British field marshal Henry Wilson in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
(they are sentenced to death on July 18). - June 30 - An official bulletin announces that anti-treaty forces have stormed the Four CourtsFour CourtsThe Four Courts in Dublin is the Republic of Ireland's main courts building. The Four Courts are the location of the Supreme Court, the High Court and the Dublin Circuit Court. The building until 2010 also formerly was the location for the Central Criminal Court.-Gandon's Building:Work based on...
and taken 33 prisoners. - July 5 - Cathal BrughaCathal BrughaCathal Brugha was an Irish revolutionary and politician, active in the Easter Rising, Irish War of Independence, and the Irish Civil War and was the first Ceann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann.-Background:...
refuses to surrender and is badly wounded as he tries to escape from the Hamman Hotel in Dublin. - July 13 - The Free State government appoints a War Council, comprising Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
, Richard MulcahyRichard MulcahyRichard James Mulcahy was an Irish politician, army general and commander in chief, leader of Fine Gael and Cabinet Minister...
and Eoin O'DuffyEoin O'DuffyEoin O'Duffy was in succession a Teachta Dála , the Chief of Staff of the Irish Republican Army , the second Commissioner of the Garda Síochána, leader of the Army Comrades Association and then the first leader of Fine Gael , before leading the Irish Brigade to fight for Francisco Franco during...
, to direct military operations against the IrregularsIrregular militaryIrregular military refers to any non-standard military. Being defined by exclusion, there is significant variance in what comes under the term. It can refer to the type of military organization, or to the type of tactics used....
. - July 16 - Three hundred Irregulars are captured in DundalkDundalkDundalk is the county town of County Louth in Ireland. It is situated where the Castletown River flows into Dundalk Bay. The town is close to the border with Northern Ireland and equi-distant from Dublin and Belfast. The town's name, which was historically written as Dundalgan, has associations...
, County LouthCounty LouthCounty Louth is a county of Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Louth. Louth County Council is the local authority for the county...
, by the National Army. Seventy more surrender in County Sligo and their last stronghold in County DonegalCounty DonegalCounty Donegal is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Donegal. Donegal County Council is the local authority for the county...
is captured. - July 27 - 105 Irregular prisoners escape from Dundalk Jail.
- July 31 - Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
's Private Secretary, Harry BolandHarry BolandHarry Boland was an Irish Republican politician and member of the First Dáil.-Early life:Boland was born in Phibsboro, Dublin on 27 April 1887. He was active in GAA circles in early life, and ultimately joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood...
, is seriously wounded while resisting arrest in a hotel room in Dublin. - August 12 - Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
dies suddenly in Dublin. He founded Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
, was a supporter of national self-reliance and led the TreatyAnglo-Irish TreatyThe Anglo-Irish Treaty , officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and representatives of the secessionist Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of...
negotiations in 1921. - August 16 - The funeral of Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
takes place at Glasnevin CemeteryGlasnevin CemeteryGlasnevin Cemetery , officially known as Prospect Cemetery, is the largest non-denominational cemetery in Ireland with an estimated 1.5 million burials...
in Dublin. W. T. Cosgrave delivers the graveside oration. - August 17 - Dublin Castle is formally handed over to the Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
as the last British ArmyBritish ArmyThe British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
troops leave. - August 22 - Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
is killed in an ambush at Béal na Bláth, County CorkCounty CorkCounty Cork is a county in Ireland. It is located in the South-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. It is named after the city of Cork . Cork County Council is the local authority for the county...
. In his 32 years of life he fought during the Easter RisingEaster RisingThe Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War...
in 1916, was a member of the delegation that negotiated the TreatyAnglo-Irish TreatyThe Anglo-Irish Treaty , officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and representatives of the secessionist Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of...
in 1921 and at the time of his death was Commander-in-Chief of the government forces. - August 28 - All businessess close for the day as a mark of respect for the funeral of Michael Collins which takes place today. Richard MulcahyRichard MulcahyRichard James Mulcahy was an Irish politician, army general and commander in chief, leader of Fine Gael and Cabinet Minister...
delivers the graveside oration. - September 9 - The first meeting of the Provisional Parliament, or the Third DáilThird DáilThe Third Dáil, also known as the Provisional Parliament or the Constituent Assembly, was:*the "provisional parliament" or "constituent assembly" of Southern Ireland from 9 August 1922 until 6 December 1922; and...
, takes place at Leinster HouseLeinster HouseLeinster House is the name of the building housing the Oireachtas, the national parliament of Ireland.Leinster House was originally the ducal palace of the Dukes of Leinster. Since 1922, it is a complex of buildings, of which the former ducal palace is the core, which house Oireachtas Éireann, its...
. W. T. Cosgrave is elected President of Dáil ÉireannPresident of Dáil ÉireannThe President of Dáil Éireann was the leader of the revolutionary Irish Republic of 1919–1921. The office, also known as Príomh Aire , was created in the Dáil Constitution adopted by Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Republic, at its first meeting in January 1919. This provided that the...
and Chairman of the Provisional Government. - September 18 - W. T. Cosgrave introduces the Constitution of Saorstát Éireann BillConstitution of the Irish Free StateThe Constitution of the Irish Free State was the first constitution of the independent Irish state. It was enacted with the adoption of the Constitution of the Irish Free State Act 1922, of which it formed a part...
to enable the implementation of the Treaty between Great Britain and Ireland. - November 24 - Erskine ChildersRobert Erskine ChildersRobert Erskine Childers DSC , universally known as Erskine Childers, was the author of the influential novel Riddle of the Sands and an Irish nationalist who smuggled guns to Ireland in his sailing yacht Asgard. He was executed by the authorities of the nascent Irish Free State during the Irish...
is executed for the unlawful possession of a gun, a weapon presented to him by Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
in 1920 as a gift. - December 5 – The Parliament of the United KingdomParliament of the United KingdomThe Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
enacts the Irish Free State Constitution ActIrish Free State Constitution Act 1922The Irish Free State Constitution Act 1922 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, passed in 1922 to confirm the Constitution of the Irish Free State, and to ratify the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty....
, by which it legally sanctions the new Constitution of the Irish Free StateConstitution of the Irish Free StateThe Constitution of the Irish Free State was the first constitution of the independent Irish state. It was enacted with the adoption of the Constitution of the Irish Free State Act 1922, of which it formed a part...
. - December 6
- Twelve months after the signing of the Treaty the Irish Free StateIrish Free StateThe Irish Free State was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand...
officially comes into existence. - First domestically designed 2d postage stampPostage stampA postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage. Typically, stamps are made from special paper, with a national designation and denomination on the face, and a gum adhesive on the reverse side...
issued depicting a map of Ireland and inscribed Éire. - The office of Lord Lieutenant of IrelandLord Lieutenant of IrelandThe Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was the British King's representative and head of the Irish executive during the Lordship of Ireland , the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
is abolished and replaced by the offices of Governor-General of the Irish Free StateGovernor-General of the Irish Free StateThe Governor-General was the representative of the King in the 1922–1937 Irish Free State. Until 1927 he was also the agent of the British government in the Irish state. By convention the office of Governor-General was largely ceremonial...
(held by Tim HealyTimothy Michael HealyTimothy Michael Healy, KC , also known as Tim Healy, was an Irish nationalist politician, journalist, author, barrister and one of the most controversial Irish Members of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
) and Governor of Northern IrelandGovernor of Northern IrelandThe Governor of Northern Ireland was the principal officer and representative in Northern Ireland of the British monarch. The office was established on 9 December 1922 and abolished on 18 July 1973.-Overview:...
(held by the Duke of AbercornJames Hamilton, 3rd Duke of AbercornJames Albert Edward Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Abercorn KG, KP, PC , styled Marquess of Hamilton between 1885 and 1913, was a British peer and Unionist politician. He was the first Governor of Northern Ireland, a post he held between 1922 and 1945...
).
- Twelve months after the signing of the Treaty the Irish Free State
- December 7 - The Parliament of Northern IrelandParliament of Northern IrelandThe Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which sat from 7 June 1921 to 30 March 1972, when it was suspended...
votes to remain part of the United Kingdom. - December 11
- Existing British postage stamps issued with overprintOverprintAn overprint is an additional layer of text or graphics added to the face of a postage stamp or banknote after it has been printed. Post offices most often use overprints for internal administrative purposes such as accounting but they are also employed in public mail...
Saorstát Éireann 1922. - PopePopeThe Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
Pius XI sends a message to the government of the Irish Free StateIrish Free StateThe Irish Free State was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand...
praying for a "happy era of peace and prosperity".
- Existing British postage stamps issued with overprint
- December 13 - The OireachtasOireachtasThe Oireachtas , sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the "national parliament" or legislature of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of:*The President of Ireland*The two Houses of the Oireachtas :**Dáil Éireann...
meets for the first time. The Governor-GeneralGovernor-General of the Irish Free StateThe Governor-General was the representative of the King in the 1922–1937 Irish Free State. Until 1927 he was also the agent of the British government in the Irish state. By convention the office of Governor-General was largely ceremonial...
, T.M. HealyTimothy Michael HealyTimothy Michael Healy, KC , also known as Tim Healy, was an Irish nationalist politician, journalist, author, barrister and one of the most controversial Irish Members of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
, delivers the first address to both houses. A message from King George V is also read out.
See also Timeline of the Irish Civil War
Arts and literature
- February 2 - James JoyceJames JoyceJames Augustine Aloysius Joyce was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century...
's novel UlyssesUlysses (novel)Ulysses is a novel by the Irish author James Joyce. It was first serialised in parts in the American journal The Little Review from March 1918 to December 1920, and then published in its entirety by Sylvia Beach on 2 February 1922, in Paris. One of the most important works of Modernist literature,...
is first published complete in book form by Sylvia BeachSylvia BeachSylvia Beach , born Nancy Woodbridge Beach, was an American-born bookseller and publisher who lived most of her life in Paris, where she was one of the leading expatriate figures between World War I and II.-Early life:...
in ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
Football
- League of IrelandLeague of IrelandThe League of Ireland is the national association football league of the Republic of Ireland. Founded in 1921, as a league of eight clubs, it has expanded over time into a two-tiered league of 22 clubs. It is currently split into the League of Ireland Premier Division and the League of Ireland...
-
- Winners: St James's GateSt James's Gate F.C.St James's Gate F.C. is an Irish football club that currently plays in the Leinster Senior League. St James Gate was founded as the footballing part of the Guinness Sports and Social club and was named after St. James's Gate Brewery....
(first ever competition)
- Winners: St James's Gate
- FAI CupFAI CupThe Football Association of Ireland Challenge Cup, known as the FAI Ford Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a knock-out association football competition contested annually by teams from the Republic of Ireland...
-
- Winners: St James's GateSt James's Gate F.C.St James's Gate F.C. is an Irish football club that currently plays in the Leinster Senior League. St James Gate was founded as the footballing part of the Guinness Sports and Social club and was named after St. James's Gate Brewery....
1 - 1, 1 - 0 Shamrock RoversShamrock Rovers F.C.Shamrock Rovers Football Club are a professional football club from Dublin, Ireland. They compete in the Premier Division of the League of Ireland and are the most successful club in Irish football history. The club have won the League of Ireland title a record 17 times and the FAI Cup a record 24...
(first ever competition, played at Dalymount ParkDalymount ParkDalymount Park is an Irish football stadium situated on Dublin's Northside. It is the home of Bohemian F.C., who have played there since the early 20th century. Affectionately known as 'Dalyer' by fans, it was also historically the "home of Irish football" holding Irish internationals and FAI Cup...
, Dublin, 17 March; replay at same venue 8 April)
- Winners: St James's Gate
Gaelic Games
- The All-Ireland Champions are KilkennyKilkenny GAAThe Kilkenny County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland and is responsible for Gaelic Games in County Kilkenny. The county board has its head office and main grounds at Nowlan Park and is also responsible for Kilkenny inter-county teams...
(hurlingHurlingHurling is an outdoor team game of ancient Gaelic origin, administered by the Gaelic Athletic Association, and played with sticks called hurleys and a ball called a sliotar. Hurling is the national game of Ireland. The game has prehistoric origins, has been played for at least 3,000 years, and...
) and DublinDublin GAADublin County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association , or Dublin GAA, is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Dublin. The county board is also responsible for the Dublin inter-county teams...
(Gaelic footballGaelic footballGaelic football , commonly referred to as "football" or "Gaelic", or "Gah" is a form of football played mainly in Ireland...
)
January to June
- 9 January - Patrick Denis O'DonnellPatrick Denis O'DonnellPatrick Denis O'Donnell, , was an Irish military historian, writer, former UN peace-keeper, and retired Commandant of the Irish Defence Forces. -Background:...
, military historian, writer and former Commandant of the Irish Defence ForcesIrish Defence ForcesThe armed forces of Ireland, known as the Defence Forces encompass the Army, Naval Service, Air Corps and Reserve Defence Force.The current Supreme Commander of the Irish Defence forces is His Excellency Michael D Higgins in his role as President of Ireland...
(d. 20052005 in Ireland-Incumbents:* President – Mary McAleese* Taoiseach – Bertie Ahern* Tánaiste – Mary Harney-January:*1 January – The Health Service Executive is established along with the HSE National Ambulance Service....
). - 26 January - Seán FlanaganSeán FlanaganSeán Flanagan was an Fianna Fáil politician and Gaelic footballer in Ireland. He served under Taoiseach Jack Lynch as Minister for Health and Minister for Lands .-Early life and education:...
, captain winning Mayo All Ireland football teams in 1950s, Fianna FáilFianna FáilFianna Fáil – The Republican Party , more commonly known as Fianna Fáil is a centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926. Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
, Cabinet Minister and MEPMember of the European ParliamentA Member of the European Parliament is a person who has been elected to the European Parliament. The name of MEPs differ in different languages, with terms such as europarliamentarian or eurodeputy being common in Romance language-speaking areas.When the European Parliament was first established,...
(d. 19931993 in Ireland-Events:*January 1 - The Single European Market comes into effect.*January 12 - Albert Reynolds is elected Taoiseach in Dáil Éireann. A Fianna Fáil-Labour Party coalition government comes to power....
). - 22 February - Joe Carr, amateur golfer (d. 20042004 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – Ireland takes over as President of the European Commission.*1 January – Scouting Ireland was founded.*28 February – Five people are killed in a bus crash at Wellington Quay, Dublin....
). - 4 June - Terry de Valera, youngest son of Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
and Sinéad de ValeraSinéad de ValeraSinéad de Valera, also known as Sinéad Ní Fhlannagáin and Sinéad Bean de Valera , was the wife of the Irish republican leader and third President of Ireland, Éamon de Valera.-Background:...
, solicitor, Taxing Master of Supreme Court until 1992. - 14 June - Kevin RocheKevin RocheKevin Roche is an Irish-American architect known for his creative work with glass.Born in Dublin, Roche spent his formative years in Mitchelstown, Co. Cork before he graduated from University College Dublin in 1945. He then worked with Michael Scott from 1945-1946...
, architect.
July to December
- 12 July - Reginald LyonsReginald LyonsReginald William Lyons was an Irish cricketer. A right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper, he played just once for the Ireland cricket team, a first-class match against Scotland in May 1947.-References:...
, cricketer (d. 19761976 in Ireland-Events:*January 5 - Former Taoiseach, John A. Costello, dies in Dublin aged 84.*March 18 - Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave and Mrs Cosgrave are greeted by President Gerald Ford and Mrs Betty Ford at the White House....
). - 30 July - James DoogeJames DoogeJames Clement Dooge was an Irish politician, engineer, climatologist, hydrologist and academic. Dooge had a profound effect on the debate on climate change, in the world of hydrology and in politics in the formation of the European Union.Dooge lived a multifaceted existence with his roles...
, former Fine GaelFine GaelFine Gael is a centre-right to centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland. It is the single largest party in Ireland in the Oireachtas, in local government, and in terms of Members of the European Parliament. The party has a membership of over 35,000...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
and Cabinet Minister. - 8 September - Kathleen RyanKathleen RyanKathleen Ryan was an Irish actress.She was born in Dublin, Ireland of Tipperary parentage and was a spirited and heart warming Irish actress who appeared in British and Hollywood movies between 1947 and 1957.-Family:...
, actress (d. 19851985 in Ireland-Events:*January 1 - Cork City celebrates 800 years as a chartered city.*February 26 - Former minister Desmond O'Malley is expelled from the Fianna Fáil Party.*February 28 - The IRA kills nine Royal Ulster Constabulary officers in a mortar attack at Newry station....
). - 11 September - Freddie AndersonFreddie AndersonFreddie Anderson was a writer and socialist, born in County Monaghan, Ireland, who became a bedrock of Glasgow culture from the 1950s....
, playwright and socialist (d. 20012001 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – Ireland celebrates the first day of the 21st century.*22 March – Ireland confirms its first case of Foot-and-mouth disease.*7 June – Irish voters reject the Nice Treaty in a referendum....
). - 27 September - James WilsonJames Wilson (composer)James Wilson was a notable Irish composer. Though born in England, Wilson was a resident of Ireland for over 50 years.-Early life:...
, composer (d. 20052005 in Ireland-Incumbents:* President – Mary McAleese* Taoiseach – Bertie Ahern* Tánaiste – Mary Harney-January:*1 January – The Health Service Executive is established along with the HSE National Ambulance Service....
. - 1 October - Neil BlaneyNeil BlaneyNeil Terence Columba Blaney was a senior Irish politician. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann in 1948 as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála representing Donegal East. Blaney served as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs , Minister for Local Government and Minister for Agriculture and Fisheries...
, Fianna FáilFianna FáilFianna Fáil – The Republican Party , more commonly known as Fianna Fáil is a centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926. Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
, Cabinet Minister and MEP (d. 19951995 in Ireland-Events:*January 27 - Taoiseach, John Bruton, and Gerry Adams hold their first formal discussions.*February 2 - President Mary Robinson addresses a joint session of the Houses of the Oireachtas....
). - 25 October - Brendan CauldwellBrendan CauldwellBrendan Cauldwell was an Irish radio, film and television actor.-Career:Brendan Cauldwell was born in Fairview, North Dublin. He was educated at O'Connell's Irish Christian Brothers School and went on to work in the insurance industry before becoming a full time actor...
, actor (d. 20062006 in Ireland- Incumbents :* President – Mary McAleese* Taoiseach – Bertie Ahern* Tánaiste – Mary Harney ; Michael McDowell * Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – Peter Hain* First Minister – office suspended...
). - 28 October - Con MurphyCon MurphyCon Murphy is a former Irish sportsperson who played hurling with Cork in the 1940s, winning four All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championships with the county. He later served as President of the Gaelic Athletic Association...
, Cork hurler and former President of the Gaelic Athletic AssociationPresidents of the Gaelic Athletic AssociationThe role of President of Gaelic Athletic Association has existed since the foundation of the GAA . The current president of the GAA is Christy Cooney. The role of President involves representing the GAA in Ireland and across the world...
(d. 20072007 in Ireland-Incumbents:* President – Mary McAleese* Taoiseach – Bertie Ahern* Tánaiste – Michael McDowell , Brian Cowen* Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – Peter Hain , Shaun Woodward* First Minister – office suspended , Ian Paisley...
). - 23 November - Denis GallagherDenis GallagherDenis Gallagher was a senior Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He served as Minister for the Gaeltacht on two occasions....
, Fianna FáilFianna FáilFianna Fáil – The Republican Party , more commonly known as Fianna Fáil is a centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926. Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
and Cabinet Minister (d. 20012001 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – Ireland celebrates the first day of the 21st century.*22 March – Ireland confirms its first case of Foot-and-mouth disease.*7 June – Irish voters reject the Nice Treaty in a referendum....
). - 24 November - Richard LeechRichard LeechRichard Leech , born Richard Leeper McClelland, was an accomplished actor.Richard Leeper McClelland was born in Dublin, Ireland, son of Isabella Frances and Herbert Saunderson McClelland, a lawyer. He was educated at Haileybury and Trinity College, Dublin...
, actor (d. 20042004 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – Ireland takes over as President of the European Commission.*1 January – Scouting Ireland was founded.*28 February – Five people are killed in a bus crash at Wellington Quay, Dublin....
). - 3 December - Kit LawlorKit LawlorJohn Christopher "Kit" Lawlor was an Irish professional football player .His League of Ireland playing career began with Shamrock Rovers....
, soccer player (d. 20042004 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – Ireland takes over as President of the European Commission.*1 January – Scouting Ireland was founded.*28 February – Five people are killed in a bus crash at Wellington Quay, Dublin....
). - 19 December - Eamonn AndrewsEamonn AndrewsEamonn Andrews, CBE , was an Irish television presenter based in the United Kingdom.-Life and career:...
, broadcaster (d. 19871987 in Ireland-Events:*January 20 - Labour ministers resign from the government over a disagreement over budget proposals.*February 19 - A general election returns a Fianna Fáil minority government with Charles Haughey as Taoiseach....
).
Full date unknown
- Paddy ClancyPatrick ClancyPatrick Clancy , usually called "Paddy" or "Pat" Clancy, was an Irish folk singer best known as a member of The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem....
, folk singer (d. 19981998 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – The VECs of the towns of Bray, Drogheda, Sligo, Tralee and Wexford are abolished.*14 January – The Planning Tribunal opens in Dublin Castle....
). - Máire Mhac an tSaoiMáire Mhac an tSaoi-Background:Mhac an tSaoi was born as Máire MacEntee in Dublin in 1922. Her father, Seán MacEntee, a native of Belfast, was a founding member of Fianna Fáil, a long-serving TD and Tánaiste in the Dáil and a participant in the Easter Rising of 1916. Her mother, County Tipperary-born Margaret Browne...
, Irish language scholar and academic. - Proinsias Ó MaonaighProinsias Ó MaonaighProinsias Ó Maonaigh or Francie Mooney was a fiddler from Gweedore , County Donegal, Ireland. He is known for his distinguished fiddle playing and his unique and vast contribution to Irish music and culture....
, fiddle player (d. 20062006 in Ireland- Incumbents :* President – Mary McAleese* Taoiseach – Bertie Ahern* Tánaiste – Mary Harney ; Michael McDowell * Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – Peter Hain* First Minister – office suspended...
). - Cathal Ó SándairCathal Ó Sándair-Biography:Born in Weston-super-Mare, England to an English father and Irish mother, his family moved to Ireland when he was a child. While still a school boy, Ó Sandair published a story in the first issue of the magazine Gael Óg in 1938. His first novel appeared in 1943 and featured Réics Carló,...
, writer (d. 19961996 in Ireland-Events:*January 24 - The international body proposes six principles of democracy and non-violence as conditions for entry to all-party talks in Northern Ireland....
).
January to June
- 5 January - Ernest ShackletonErnest ShackletonSir Ernest Henry Shackleton, CVO, OBE was a notable explorer from County Kildare, Ireland, who was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration...
, explorer, remembered for his Antarctic expedition of 1914–1916 in the ship EnduranceEndurance (1912 ship)The Endurance was the three-masted barquentine in which Sir Ernest Shackleton sailed for the Antarctic on the 1914 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition...
(b. 18741874 in Ireland-Events:*February — General election in which 59 professing Home Rulers were returned.*Queen Victoria creates her third eldest son, The Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, after the province of Connaught.-January to June:...
). - 11 January - Thomas LoughThomas LoughThomas Lough was a British Liberal politician.He was born in Ireland to Matthew Lough and Martha Steel of Cavan, and was educated at the Royal School Cavan and at Wesleyan Connexional School, Dublin....
, LiberalLiberal Party (UK)The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day...
politician in Britain, Lord Lieutenant of CavanLord Lieutenant of CavanThis is a list of people who have served as Lord-Lieutenant of Cavan. The office was created on 23 August 1831.* Thomas Taylour, 2nd Marquess of Headfort 17 October 1831 – 6 December 1870* John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar 3 April 1871 – 6 October 1876...
(b. 18501850 in Ireland-Events:* March 31 - The paddle steamer , bound from Cork to London, sinks in the English Channel with the loss of all 250 on board.* Crumlin Road Courthouse in Belfast is completed.-Births:...
). - 1 February - Harry Hammon LysterHarry Hammon LysterLieutenant General Harry Hammon Lyster VC, CB was an Anglo-Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Details:He was 27 years old and a lieutenant in the 72nd Bengal...
, recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
for gallantry in 1858 at Calpee, India (b. 18301830 in Ireland-Events:*10 May - Dublin Zoo opens. The first exhibit is a wild boar.*February - First Roman Catholics take their seats in the House of Commons at Westminster, among then Daniel O'Connell and Richard More O'Ferrall ....
). - 3 February - John Butler YeatsJohn Butler YeatsJohn Butler Yeats was an Irish artist and the father of William Butler Yeats, Lily Yeats, Lollie Yeats and Jack B. Yeats. He is probably best known for his portrait of the young William Butler Yeats which is one of a number of his portraits of Irishmen and women in the Yeats museum in the National...
, artist and father of William Butler YeatsWilliam Butler YeatsWilliam Butler Yeats was an Irish poet and playwright, and one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature. A pillar of both the Irish and British literary establishments, in his later years he served as an Irish Senator for two terms...
and Jack Butler YeatsJack Butler YeatsJohn "Jack" Butler Yeats was an Irish artist. His early style was that of an illustrator; he only began to work regularly in oils in 1906. His early pictures are simple lyrical depictions of landscapes and figures, predominantly from the west of Ireland—especially of his boyhood home of...
(b. 18391839 in Ireland-Events:*The Ulster Railway began construction of a railway line between Belfast and Lisburn.*Marquess of Donegall lays the foundation stone for the Palm House in Belfast Botanic Gardens....
). - 16 April - Frank LawlessFrank LawlessFrank J. Lawless was Sinn Féin member of the Dáil Éireann for Dublin County North, 1919-1922. He was a farmer at Saucerstown, Swords, Co. Dublin, and a member of a widely connected North County family identified with the National movement. He was an early member of Sinn Féin and of the Gaelic...
, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
, member of the 1st Dáil and the 2nd Dáil (b. c. 1871). - 29 April - Richard CrokerRichard CrokerRichard Croker, Sr. was an American politician, a leader of New York City's Tammany Hall.-Biography:...
, politician in America and a leader of New York City's Tammany HallTammany HallTammany Hall, also known as the Society of St. Tammany, the Sons of St. Tammany, or the Columbian Order, was a New York political organization founded in 1786 and incorporated on May 12, 1789 as the Tammany Society...
(b. 18431843 in Ireland-Events:*January - Daniel O'Connell proclaims 1843 as the "Repeal Year".*31 January - Queen's Bridge in Belfast opens.*21 February - Repeal debate in Dublin Corporation....
). - 22 May - William TwaddellWilliam TwaddellWilliam John Twaddell was a Unionist politician from Belfast.Twaddell was a draper from Belfast who was educated at a Belfast primary school....
, Ulster Unionist PartyUlster Unionist PartyThe Ulster Unionist Party – sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or, in a historic sense, simply the Unionist Party – is the more moderate of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland...
MP, assassinated by Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
(b. 18841884 in Ireland-Events:*October - Ballymena, Cushendall and Red Bay Railway taken over by Belfast and Northern Counties Railway.*22 October - The first woman receives a degree from an Irish university...
). - 31 May - Joseph McGuinnessJoseph McGuinnessJoseph P. McGuinness was an Irish Sinn Féin politician who was elected as Member of Parliament for South Longford at by-election in 1917....
, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
MPMember of ParliamentA Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
and TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
, member of the 1st Dáil (b. 18751875 in Ireland-Events:May - Ballymena, Cushendall and Red Bay Railway opens, with services between Ballymena and Retreat in County Antrim.-Births:*14 March - Patrick McLane, Democratic member of the U.S...
). - 22 June - Henry Hughes Wilson, British Field MarshalField MarshalField Marshal is a military rank. Traditionally, it is the highest military rank in an army.-Etymology:The origin of the rank of field marshal dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses , from the time of the early Frankish kings.-Usage and hierarchical...
and Conservative PartyConservative Party (UK)The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
politicianPoliticianA politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, killed by the Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican Army (1922–1969)The original Irish Republican Army fought a guerrilla war against British rule in Ireland in the Irish War of Independence 1919–1921. Following the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on 6 December 1921, the IRA in the 26 counties that were to become the Irish Free State split between supporters and...
(b. 18641864 in Ireland-Events:* 30 January - Opening of the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin.* Foundation of the Munster Bank later rescued as the Munster & Leinster Bank. See Allied Irish Banks.-Births:...
).
July to December
- 7 July - Cathal BrughaCathal BrughaCathal Brugha was an Irish revolutionary and politician, active in the Easter Rising, Irish War of Independence, and the Irish Civil War and was the first Ceann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann.-Background:...
, active in Easter RisingEaster RisingThe Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War...
, Irish War of IndependenceIrish War of IndependenceThe Irish War of Independence , Anglo-Irish War, Black and Tan War, or Tan War was a guerrilla war mounted by the Irish Republican Army against the British government and its forces in Ireland. It began in January 1919, following the Irish Republic's declaration of independence. Both sides agreed...
, and Irish Civil WarIrish Civil WarThe Irish Civil War was a conflict that accompanied the establishment of the Irish Free State as an entity independent from the United Kingdom within the British Empire....
and was first Ceann ComhairleCeann ComhairleThe Ceann Comhairle is the chairman of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas of Ireland. The person who holds the position is elected by members of the Dáil from among their number in the first session after each general election...
of Dáil ÉireannDáil ÉireannDáil Éireann is the lower house, but principal chamber, of the Oireachtas , which also includes the President of Ireland and Seanad Éireann . It is directly elected at least once in every five years under the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote...
, shot by Free State troops (b. 18741874 in Ireland-Events:*February — General election in which 59 professing Home Rulers were returned.*Queen Victoria creates her third eldest son, The Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, after the province of Connaught.-January to June:...
). - 26 July - John ClarkJohn Clark (boxer)John H. Clark was an Irish-American boxer.He was born in County Galway, but spent most of his childhood in England before moving to the United States. Clark was a clog and jig dancer before pursuing a career in prize-fighting...
, boxer (b. 18491849 in Ireland-Events:* 12 July — Battle of Dolly's Brae: Up to 1400 armed Orangemen march from Rathfriland to Tollymore Park near Castlewellan, County Down. When 1000 armed Ribbonmen gather, shots are fired, Catholic homes are burnt and about eighty Catholics killed....
). - 2 August - Harry BolandHarry BolandHarry Boland was an Irish Republican politician and member of the First Dáil.-Early life:Boland was born in Phibsboro, Dublin on 27 April 1887. He was active in GAA circles in early life, and ultimately joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood...
, Irish VolunteerIrish VolunteersThe Irish Volunteers was a military organisation established in 1913 by Irish nationalists. It was ostensibly formed in response to the formation of the Ulster Volunteers in 1912, and its declared primary aim was "to secure and maintain the rights and liberties common to the whole people of Ireland"...
in Easter RisingEaster RisingThe Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War...
, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
MP, shot by members of the Free StateIrish Free StateThe Irish Free State was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand...
National Army (b. 18871887 in Ireland-Events:*29 January - The Dublin newspaper The Union is founded. The Unionist newspaper's goals are stated in its first edition as "A Journal devoted to the maintenance of the Union in the three kingdoms."...
). - 12 August - Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
, founder and third leader of Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
, served as President of Dáil ÉireannPresident of Dáil ÉireannThe President of Dáil Éireann was the leader of the revolutionary Irish Republic of 1919–1921. The office, also known as Príomh Aire , was created in the Dáil Constitution adopted by Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Republic, at its first meeting in January 1919. This provided that the...
(b. 18721872 in Ireland-Events:*Party Processions Acts repealed.*Summer - About 30,000 Nationalists hold a demonstration at Hannahstown in Belfast, campaigning for the release of Fenian prisoners, but leading to another series of riots between Catholics and Protestants in the city....
). - 22 August - Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
, RevolutionaryRevolutionaryA revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
and Commander-in-Chief of the Irish Free State Army, Cabinet Minister, shot and killed (b. 18901890 in Ireland-Events:*20 June - The newly covered St George's Market in Belfast is opened to the public.*17 November - Captain Willy O'Shea divorces his wife, Kitty, and wins custody of their children...
). - 21 September - Frederick Thomas TroutonFrederick Thomas TroutonFrederick Thomas Trouton FRS was an Irish physicist known for Trouton's Rule and experiments to detect the Earth's motion through the luminiferous aether.- Life and work :...
, physicistPhysicsPhysics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
responsible for Trouton's RuleTrouton's ruleTrouton’s rule states that the entropy of vaporization is almost the same value, about 87–88 J K−1 mol−1, for various kinds of liquids. The entropy of vaporization is defined as the ratio between the enthalpy of vaporization and the boiling temperature...
(b. 18631863 in Ireland-Events:*The Ulster Railway, which began construction in 1839, reaches Clones.*28 November - First edition of The Irish People.-Births:*1 February - George Carew, 4th Baron Carew ....
). - 24 November - Robert Erskine ChildersRobert Erskine ChildersRobert Erskine Childers DSC , universally known as Erskine Childers, was the author of the influential novel Riddle of the Sands and an Irish nationalist who smuggled guns to Ireland in his sailing yacht Asgard. He was executed by the authorities of the nascent Irish Free State during the Irish...
, writer, nationalist, executed by Free State firing squad at the Beggar's Bush BarracksBeggars Bush (Dublin)Beggars Bush is the name of a former barracks on Haddington Road in Dublin, Ireland, as well the surrounding area and a nearby pub.The barracks dates from 1827 and is bordered to the east by Shelbourne Road, which used to be the western bank of the River Dodder.-History:The British Army used the...
in Dublin (b. 18701870 in Ireland-Events:* 19 May — The Home Government Association is established by Isaac Butt to argue for devolution for Ireland and repeal of the Act of Union.*The building of Belfast Castle is completed, to a design by Charles Lanyon and his son....
). - 8 December - Richard BarrettRichard Barrett (Irish Republican)Richard Barrett was a prominent Irish Republican Army volunteer who was executed during the Irish Civil War in 1922.-War of Independence:...
, Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
member executed during the Irish Civil WarIrish Civil WarThe Irish Civil War was a conflict that accompanied the establishment of the Irish Free State as an entity independent from the United Kingdom within the British Empire....
(b. 1890s). - 8 December - Joe McKelveyJoe McKelveyJoe McKelvey was an Irish Republican Army officer who was executed during the Irish Civil War. He participated in the anti-Treaty IRA's repudiation of the authority of the Dáil in March 1922 and was elected to the IRA Army Executive...
, Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
officer executed during the Irish Civil WarIrish Civil WarThe Irish Civil War was a conflict that accompanied the establishment of the Irish Free State as an entity independent from the United Kingdom within the British Empire....
. - 8 December - Liam Mellowes, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
politician, member of 1st Dáil. Executed in Mountjoy Jail (b. 18951895 in Ireland- Events :*3 April - Oscar Wilde launches a criminal libel case in London against the Marquess of Queensberry. During the trial he collapses under cross-examination by Edward Carson, and is eventually found guilty and imprisoned for two years on homosexuality charges.*23 December - Grand Opera...
). - 8 December - Rory O'ConnorRory O'Connor (Irish republican)Rory O'Connor was an Irish republican activist. He is best remembered for his role in the Irish Civil War 1922-1923, which led to his execution.-Background:...
, Irish republican activist, captured at the fall of the Four CourtsFour CourtsThe Four Courts in Dublin is the Republic of Ireland's main courts building. The Four Courts are the location of the Supreme Court, the High Court and the Dublin Circuit Court. The building until 2010 also formerly was the location for the Central Criminal Court.-Gandon's Building:Work based on...
and executed (b. 18831883 in Ireland-Events:*April - The narrow gauge Castlederg and Victoria Bridge Tramway opens in County Tyrone.*1 November - Mater Infirmorum Hospital in Belfast admits its first patients.-Soccer:*International*Irish Cup-Births:...
). - 25 December - Joseph MacDonaghJoseph MacDonaghJoseph MacDonagh was an Irish Sinn Féin politician. He was also the brother of the executed 1916 Easter Rising leader Thomas MacDonagh....
, insurance broker, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
member of 1st Dáil representing Tipperary NorthNorth Tipperary (UK Parliament constituency)North Tipperary was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament 1885–1922.This constituency comprised the northern part of County Tipperary. Prior to the United Kingdom general election, 1885 the area was part of the Tipperary...
, (Anti Treaty).