Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations
Encyclopedia
Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (A.B.N.) was a co-ordinating center for anti-Communist émigré
political organizations from Soviet and other socialist countries. The A.B.N. formation dates back to an underground conference of representatives of non-Russian
peoples that took place on November 1943, near Zhytomyr
on the initiative of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
. During the conference, a platform of joint revolutionary
struggle against what the participants called Russian communism
was formulated. The goal of the A.B.N. was to remove communists from power, abolish the Soviet Union
and divide it into national states. Given an organizational structure in Munich
in 1946, the A.B.N. extended its range of activity and began to include Eastern European emigration from other countries apart from Ukraine
.
Member organisation for various times:
The most active groups among the Bloc were the Ukrainian national organizations.
The A.B.N. was headed by Yaroslav Stetsko
, a war-time resistant to Soviet power, from the time of foundation until 1986, the year of his death. Stetsko was succeeded by his widow, Slava Stetsko
. The chairmen of the A.B.N. Peoples' Council included V. Berzins, V. Kajum-Khan, F. Ďurčanský
, F. Farkas de Kisbarnak, and R. Ostrowski. The long-time general secretaries were Dr. Niko Nakashidze and C. Pokorný.
The headquarters and cells of the A.B.N. organized mass anti-Soviet rallies, protest demonstrations, press conferences, and international congresses, and the distribution of various memoranda. The A.B.N. co-operated with the World Anti-Communist League
(WACL) and the European Freedom Council (EFC). Representatives from the A.B.N. and related organizations participated in the congresses of the WACL and EFC.
The Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations was disbanded in 1996 after the collapse of the USSR and Soviet communism.
Émigré
Émigré is a French term that literally refers to a person who has "migrated out", but often carries a connotation of politico-social self-exile....
political organizations from Soviet and other socialist countries. The A.B.N. formation dates back to an underground conference of representatives of non-Russian
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
peoples that took place on November 1943, near Zhytomyr
Zhytomyr
Zhytomyr is a city in the North of the western half of Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Zhytomyr Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Zhytomyr Raion...
on the initiative of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists is a Ukrainian political organization which as a movement originally was created in 1929 in Western Ukraine . The OUN accepted violence as an acceptable tool in the fight against foreign and domestic enemies particularly Poland and Russia...
. During the conference, a platform of joint revolutionary
Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
struggle against what the participants called Russian communism
Communism
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
was formulated. The goal of the A.B.N. was to remove communists from power, abolish the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and divide it into national states. Given an organizational structure in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
in 1946, the A.B.N. extended its range of activity and began to include Eastern European emigration from other countries apart from Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
.
Member organisation for various times:
- "Free Armenia" Committee, (ArmeniaArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
) - Bulgarian National FrontBulgarian National FrontThe Bulgarian National Front was an anti-communist political movement active amongst emigrant Bulgarian populations...
, (BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
) - Belarusian Central RadaBelarusian Central RadaThe Belarusian Central Rada was nominally the government of Belarus from 1943–44. It was a collaborationist government established by Nazi Germany within the occupation and colonial administration of Reichskommissariat Ostland.- Timeline :...
, (BelarusBelarusBelarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...
) - Cossack National Liberation Movement, (see CossackCossackCossacks are a group of predominantly East Slavic people who originally were members of democratic, semi-military communities in what is today Ukraine and Southern Russia inhabiting sparsely populated areas and islands in the lower Dnieper and Don basins and who played an important role in the...
s) - Croatian National Liberation Movement, (CroatiaCroatiaCroatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
) - Czech Movement for Freedom (Za Svobodu), (Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
) - Czech National Committee,
- Estonian Liberation Movement, (EstoniaEstoniaEstonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
) - Union of the Estonian Fighters for Freedom,
- Georgian National Organization, (GeorgiaGeorgia (country)Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
) - Hungarian Liberation Movement, (HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
) - Hungarian Mindszenty Movement,
- Latvian Association for the Struggle against Communism, (LatviaLatviaLatvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
) - Lithuanian Rebirth Movement, (LithuaniaLithuaniaLithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
) - Slovak Liberation Committee, (SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
) - National Turkestanian Unity Committee, (TurkestanTurkestanTurkestan, spelled also as Turkistan, literally means "Land of the Turks".The term Turkestan is of Persian origin and has never been in use to denote a single nation. It was first used by Persian geographers to describe the place of Turkish peoples...
) - United Hetman Organization, (see HetmanHetmanHetman was the title of the second-highest military commander in 15th- to 18th-century Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which together, from 1569 to 1795, comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, or Rzeczpospolita....
) - Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists-BanderaOrganization of Ukrainian NationalistsThe Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists is a Ukrainian political organization which as a movement originally was created in 1929 in Western Ukraine . The OUN accepted violence as an acceptable tool in the fight against foreign and domestic enemies particularly Poland and Russia...
(UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
)
The most active groups among the Bloc were the Ukrainian national organizations.
The A.B.N. was headed by Yaroslav Stetsko
Yaroslav Stetsko
Yaroslav Stetsko was the leader of the Bandera's Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists , from 1968 until death. In 1941, during Nazi Germany invasion into the Soviet Union he was self-proclaimed temporary head of the self-proclaimed Ukrainian statehood...
, a war-time resistant to Soviet power, from the time of foundation until 1986, the year of his death. Stetsko was succeeded by his widow, Slava Stetsko
Slava Stetsko
Slava Stetsko was a Ukrainian politician and a World War II veteran.Born Anna Yevhenia Muzyka, she became a member of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists in 1938. When a schism occurred within the OUN in 1940, she went with the wing of the OUN led by Stepan Bandera...
. The chairmen of the A.B.N. Peoples' Council included V. Berzins, V. Kajum-Khan, F. Ďurčanský
Ferdinand Durcanský
Doctor Ferdinand Ďurčanský was a Slovak nationalist leader who for a time served with the collaborationist government of Jozef Tiso.-Nationalism:...
, F. Farkas de Kisbarnak, and R. Ostrowski. The long-time general secretaries were Dr. Niko Nakashidze and C. Pokorný.
The headquarters and cells of the A.B.N. organized mass anti-Soviet rallies, protest demonstrations, press conferences, and international congresses, and the distribution of various memoranda. The A.B.N. co-operated with the World Anti-Communist League
World Anti-Communist League
The World League for Freedom and Democracy is an international anti-communist political organization founded in 1966 in Taipei, Republic of China , under the initiative of Chiang Kai-shek. It was founded with the aim of opposing Communism around the world through "unconventional" methods...
(WACL) and the European Freedom Council (EFC). Representatives from the A.B.N. and related organizations participated in the congresses of the WACL and EFC.
The Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations was disbanded in 1996 after the collapse of the USSR and Soviet communism.
See also
- League for the Liberation of the Peoples of the USSRLeague for the Liberation of the Peoples of the USSRThe League for the Liberation of the Peoples of the USSR also known as the Paris Bloc was an émigré front of six anti-Soviet political groups – Belarusian, Ukrainian, Georgian, Armenian, Azerbaijani and North Caucasian – established in Paris in 1953. It published its own quarterly Problems of the...
- World Anti-Communist LeagueWorld Anti-Communist LeagueThe World League for Freedom and Democracy is an international anti-communist political organization founded in 1966 in Taipei, Republic of China , under the initiative of Chiang Kai-shek. It was founded with the aim of opposing Communism around the world through "unconventional" methods...
External links
- How the Liberals sheltered Nazis
- The Intermarium: Wilson, Madison, & East Central European Federalism by Dr. Jonathan Levy
- http://www.publiceye.org/rightwoo/rwooz9-22.html
- http://www.nizkor.org/ftp.cgi/people/ftp.py?people//b/bellant.russ/bellant.pt3