Arturo Colautti
Encyclopedia
Arturo Colautti was an Italian
journalist
, polemicist and librettist
. He was a strong supporter of Italian irredentism
for his native Dalmatia
.
, the youngest of four children of Francis Colautti, a Friulian engineer employed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Luisa Couarde, a French native of Antibes
, Arturo spent his adolescence in his native town, where he graduated in the local High School and then did his military service in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
He was interested very early in journalism: at the age of 17 he founded the newspaper Il Progresso, followed by La Leva. At that time he studied at the Universities of Vienna
and Graz
, majoring in political science and geography. He thereafter went to Fiume to direct La Bilancia, to return again to his native Zara to direct Il Dalmata from 1872-74.
He relocated to Spalato in 1876, where he founded the magazine of culture and literature, Rivista Dalmatica. The magazine did not last long, because strongly pro-Italian and related to Antonio Bajamonti
. In the same year, he was asked to direct L'Avvenire and -from 1876 al 1880- he developed it as an irredentist
newspaper.
Following the publication of an anti-Austrian article on his newspaper, in September 1880, Colautti was attacked by a group of soldiers that rendered him impaired for a few months. Shortly after, also because of the threat of lawsuit for crimes against the stringent Austrian press laws and in support of Italian irredentism, Colautti chose the path of exile and took refuge in the Kingdom of Italy.
, where he founded L’Euganeo, then in Milan
, where he founded L’Italia" and collaborated with various newspapers. Colautti founded the Corriere del Mattino in Naples
(1885), then became its director and remained there for fifteen years, after which he undertook the direction of the Corriere di Napoli.
In the many years spent in Naples, he wrote hundreds of articles, but also poems, novels and plays, gaining an excellent literary reputation. Some of his operatic librettos were set to music (Adriana Lecouvreur
by Cilea, Fedora by Umberto Giordano
and Doña Flor by Niccolò van Westerhout
).
Colautti was a forceful writer and vehement polemicist. "He also wrote a sentimental composition in seven sonnets, Annie, for Annie Vivanti, which was published in the Cronaca Partenopea." "He dueled with Matteo Renato Imbriani."
Under the pseudonym of "Fram", Colautti was also a military critic of the Corriere della Sera
during the Russo-Japanese War
(1904) and again in Milan from 1912-14, when he directed L'Alba, and returned to work in Milan at Via Solferino.
For the duration of the exile, Colautti maintained close contacts with the Dalmatian irredentists and actively participated nationally in various events and conferences.
At the outbreak of World War I
, Colautti was one of the many Dalmatian Italian interventionists, but died a few months before Italian intervention in the conflict. For matters of public order, he had no public honors, and his body was buried with a private ceremony at the cemetery of Verano.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
journalist
Journalism
Journalism is the practice of investigation and reporting of events, issues and trends to a broad audience in a timely fashion. Though there are many variations of journalism, the ideal is to inform the intended audience. Along with covering organizations and institutions such as government and...
, polemicist and librettist
Libretto
A libretto is the text used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata, or musical. The term "libretto" is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as mass, requiem, and sacred cantata, or even the story line of a...
. He was a strong supporter of Italian irredentism
Italia irredenta
Italian irredentism was an Italian Irredentist movement that aimed at the unification of all ethnically Italian peoples....
for his native Dalmatia
History of Dalmatia
The History of Dalmatia concerns the history of the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and its inland regions, stretching from the 2nd century BC up to the present....
.
Youth in Dalmatia
Born in ZaraZadar
Zadar is a city in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea. It is the centre of Zadar county and the wider northern Dalmatian region. Population of the city is 75,082 citizens...
, the youngest of four children of Francis Colautti, a Friulian engineer employed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Luisa Couarde, a French native of Antibes
Antibes
Antibes is a resort town in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France.It lies on the Mediterranean in the Côte d'Azur, located between Cannes and Nice. The town of Juan-les-Pins is within the commune of Antibes...
, Arturo spent his adolescence in his native town, where he graduated in the local High School and then did his military service in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
He was interested very early in journalism: at the age of 17 he founded the newspaper Il Progresso, followed by La Leva. At that time he studied at the Universities of Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
and Graz
Graz
The more recent population figures do not give the whole picture as only people with principal residence status are counted and people with secondary residence status are not. Most of the people with secondary residence status in Graz are students...
, majoring in political science and geography. He thereafter went to Fiume to direct La Bilancia, to return again to his native Zara to direct Il Dalmata from 1872-74.
He relocated to Spalato in 1876, where he founded the magazine of culture and literature, Rivista Dalmatica. The magazine did not last long, because strongly pro-Italian and related to Antonio Bajamonti
Antonio Bajamonti
Antonio Bajamonti was a Dalmatian politician. Bajamonti's parents were Giuseppe Bajamonti and Helena Candido of Šibenik. He was one of the most successful mayors of Split...
. In the same year, he was asked to direct L'Avvenire and -from 1876 al 1880- he developed it as an irredentist
Italia irredenta
Italian irredentism was an Italian Irredentist movement that aimed at the unification of all ethnically Italian peoples....
newspaper.
Following the publication of an anti-Austrian article on his newspaper, in September 1880, Colautti was attacked by a group of soldiers that rendered him impaired for a few months. Shortly after, also because of the threat of lawsuit for crimes against the stringent Austrian press laws and in support of Italian irredentism, Colautti chose the path of exile and took refuge in the Kingdom of Italy.
The Neapolitan Period and the late years
"He first settled in PaduaPadua
Padua is a city and comune in the Veneto, northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area. Padua's population is 212,500 . The city is sometimes included, with Venice and Treviso, in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area, having...
, where he founded L’Euganeo, then in Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...
, where he founded L’Italia" and collaborated with various newspapers. Colautti founded the Corriere del Mattino in Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
(1885), then became its director and remained there for fifteen years, after which he undertook the direction of the Corriere di Napoli.
In the many years spent in Naples, he wrote hundreds of articles, but also poems, novels and plays, gaining an excellent literary reputation. Some of his operatic librettos were set to music (Adriana Lecouvreur
Adriana Lecouvreur
Adriana Lecouvreur is an opera in four acts by Francesco Cilea to an Italian libretto by Arturo Colautti, based on the play by Eugène Scribe and Ernest Legouvé...
by Cilea, Fedora by Umberto Giordano
Umberto Giordano
Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano was an Italian composer, mainly of operas.He was born in Foggia in Puglia, southern Italy, and studied under Paolo Serrao at the Conservatoire of Naples...
and Doña Flor by Niccolò van Westerhout
Niccolò van Westerhout
Niccolò van Westerhout was an Italian composer.-History and formal training:Of Flemish origin, the family van Westerhout settled in Apulia in the seventeenth century, first in Bari and then in Monopoli...
).
Colautti was a forceful writer and vehement polemicist. "He also wrote a sentimental composition in seven sonnets, Annie, for Annie Vivanti, which was published in the Cronaca Partenopea." "He dueled with Matteo Renato Imbriani."
Under the pseudonym of "Fram", Colautti was also a military critic of the Corriere della Sera
Corriere della Sera
The Corriere della Sera is an Italian daily newspaper, published in Milan.It is among the oldest and most reputable Italian newspapers. Its main rivals are Rome's La Repubblica and Turin's La Stampa.- History :...
during the Russo-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was "the first great war of the 20th century." It grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and Japanese Empire over Manchuria and Korea...
(1904) and again in Milan from 1912-14, when he directed L'Alba, and returned to work in Milan at Via Solferino.
For the duration of the exile, Colautti maintained close contacts with the Dalmatian irredentists and actively participated nationally in various events and conferences.
At the outbreak of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Colautti was one of the many Dalmatian Italian interventionists, but died a few months before Italian intervention in the conflict. For matters of public order, he had no public honors, and his body was buried with a private ceremony at the cemetery of Verano.
See also
- Italian irredentism in Dalmatia
- Antonio BajamontiAntonio BajamontiAntonio Bajamonti was a Dalmatian politician. Bajamonti's parents were Giuseppe Bajamonti and Helena Candido of Šibenik. He was one of the most successful mayors of Split...
- Dalmatian ItaliansDalmatian ItaliansDalmatian Italians are a mostly historical Italian national minority in the region of Dalmatia, part of the Republics of Croatia and Montenegro.-Characteristics:...