The Royal Society

Royal Society

The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science, and is possibly the oldest such society in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a Royal Charter by King Charles II as the "Royal Society of London"...

 presents numerous awards, lectures and medals to recognise scientific achievement. The oldest is the Croonian Lecture

Croonian Lecture

The Croonian Lectures are prestigious lectureships given at the invitation of the Royal Society and the Royal College of Physicians.Among the papers of William Croone at his death in 1684, was a plan to endow one lectureship at both the Royal Society and the Royal College of Physicians...

, created in 1701 at the request of the widow of William Croone

William Croone

William Croone was an English physician and one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society.-Life:He was born in London on 15 September 1633, and admitted to Merchant Taylors' School on 11 December 1642. He was admitted on 13 May 1647 a pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, graduating B.A. in...

, one of the founding members of the Royal Society. The Croonian Lecture is still awarded on an annual basis, and is considered the most important Royal Society prize for the biological sciences. Although the Croonian Lecture was created in 1701 it was first awarded in 1738, seven years after the Copley Medal

Copley Medal

The Copley Medal is an award given by the Royal Society of London for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science, and alternates between the physical sciences and the biological sciences"...

 which is the oldest Royal Society medal still in use and is awarded for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science"

Awards

Awards	Created	Description	Recent winners	Notes
Armourers and Brasiers’ Company Prize	1984	Awarded biennially "for excellence in materials science and technology" the Armourers and Brasiers’ Company Prize is sponsored by the Worshipful Company of Armourers and Brasiers Worshipful Company of Armourers and Brasiers The Worshipful Company of Armourers and Brasiers is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. The Armourers' Guild was established in 1322; it received a Royal Charter in 1453. Other Companies, including the Armour Repairers, merged with the Armourers. In 1708, brass workers joined the...  and is accompanied by a £ Pound sterling The pound sterling , commonly called the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, its Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory and Tristan da Cunha. It is subdivided into 100 pence... 2000 gift.	Philip Withers  2010
GlaxoSmithKline Prize and Lecture GlaxoSmithKline Prize The GlaxoSmithKline Prize and Lecture is awarded by the Royal Society of London "for original contributions to medical and veterinary sciences published within ten years from the date of the award". Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline, the medal is awarded with a gift of £2500...	1976	Awarded biennially "for original contributions to medical and veterinary sciences published within ten years from the date of the award" the GlaxoSmithKline Prize and Lecture is both an award and a lecture, and is accompanied by a £2500 gift. The award was initially sponsored by the Wellcome Trust Wellcome Trust The Wellcome Trust was established in 1936 as an independent charity funding research to improve human and animal health. With an endowment of around £13.9 billion, it is the United Kingdom's largest non-governmental source of funds for biomedical research...  in 1986 but in 2002 was renamed the GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline plc is a global pharmaceutical, biologics, vaccines and consumer healthcare company headquartered in London, United Kingdom...  Prize.	Stephen Craig West  2010
Kohn Award	2005	Awarded annually "for excellence in engaging the public with science" the Kohn Award is one of the newest awards of the Royal Society having first been given in 2005, and is accompanied by a £2500 prize	Lucie Green Lucie Green Dr. Lucie Green is a British solar researcher based at the Mullard Space Science Laboratory of University College London. She is a science writer and TV and radio presenter....   2009
Michael Faraday Prize Michael Faraday Prize The Michael Faraday Prize is awarded by the Royal Society of London for "excellence in communicating science to UK audiences". Named after Michael Faraday, the medal itself is made of silver gilt, and is accompanied by a purse of £2500...	1986	Awarded annually "for excellence in communicating science to UK audiences" the winner of the Michael Faraday Prize is expected to give a lecture, where he or she will be presented with the £2500 gift that accompanies the prize.	Jocelyn Bell-Burnell Jocelyn Bell Burnell Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell, DBE, FRS, FRAS , is a British astrophysicist. As a postgraduate student she discovered the first radio pulsars with her thesis supervisor Antony Hewish. She was president of the Institute of Physics from October 2008 until October 2010, and was interim president...   2010
Mullard Award Mullard Award The Mullard Award is awarded annually by the Royal Society to a person who has "an outstanding academic record in any field of natural science, engineering or technology and whose contribution is currently making or has the potential to make a contribution to national prosperity in Britain." It was...	1967	Awarded "to an individual who has an outstanding academic record in any area of natural science, engineering or technology and whose work is currently making or has the potential to make a contribution to national prosperity in the United Kingdom" the Mullard Award is aimed at scientists and engineers in the early stages of their career and is accompanied by a £2000 gift.	Shankar Balasupramanian  2009
Royal Society Pfizer Award Royal Society Pfizer Award The Royal Society Pfizer Award has been awarded by the Royal Society since 2006 to African-based researchers at the start of their career who are making innovative contributions to the biological sciences in Africa...	2006	Awarded annually to "a research scientist, at an early stage of their research career, who is making an innovative contribution to the biological sciences, including basic medical science, which contributes significantly to capacity building in Africa" the Pfizer Award is accompanied by a £60,000 research grant and a £5000 gift.	Linda-Gail Bekker  2009
Royal Society Prizes for Science Books	1988	Awarded annually to the books judged to be the previous year's best general science writing and best science writing for children. The winner in each category receives £10,000.	Nick Lane Nick Lane Nick Lane is a British biochemist. He holds the post of honorary reader and is the first Provost's Venture Research Fellow at University College London and was formerly strategic director at Adelphi MediCine, a medical multimedia company. He is the author of three popular science books and many... 2010
Rosalind Franklin Award Rosalind Franklin Award The Royal Society Rosalind Franklin Award was established in 2003 and is awarded annually by the Royal Society to a person for an outstanding work in any field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics . It is funded by the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills as part of...	2003	Awarded annually "for an outstanding contribution to any area of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)" the Rosalind Franklin Award is accompanied by a £30,000 research grant and is awarded exclusively to women.	Suneta Gupta  2009
Microsoft Award Microsoft Award The Royal Society and Académies des sciences Microsoft Award is an annual award given by the Royal Society and the Académie des sciences to scientists working in Europe who have made a major contribution to the advancement of science through the use of computational methods...	2006	Awarded annually to scientists who have made "a major contribution to the advancement of science through the use of computational methods" the Microsoft Award is shared between the Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences French Academy of Sciences The French Academy of Sciences is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research...  and accompanied by a grant of € Euro The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...  250,000, of which 243,000 is for research purposes and 7000 is a gift to the winner.	Peer Bork Peer Bork Doctor Peer Bork, PhD, is senior group leader and joint head of theStructural and Computational Biology unit at EMBL, a Europeanresearch organization with headquarters in Heidelberg. He also holds...   2009

Domestic lectures

Lecture	Created	Description	Recent lecturers	Notes
Bakerian Lecture Bakerian Lecture The Bakerian Lecture is a prize lecture of the Royal Society, a lecture on physical sciences.In 1775 Henry Baker left £100 for a spoken lecture by a Fellow on such part of natural history or experimental philosophy as the Society shall determine....	1775	Given annually "on such part of natural history or experimental philosophy, at such time and in such manner as the President and Council of the Society for the time being shall please to order and appoint" the Bakerian Lecture is named after Henry Baker Henry Baker (naturalist) Henry Baker was an English naturalist.-Life:He was born in Chancery Lane, London, 8 May 1698, the son of William Baker, a clerk in chancery. In his fifteenth year he was apprenticed to John Parker, a bookseller...  and is the premier lecture of the Royal Society for the physical sciences.	Donal Bradley Donal Bradley Donal Donat Conor Bradley, CBE, FRS, FRSA, is Lee-Lucas Professor of Experimental Physics at Imperial College London. He is director of the Centre for Plastic Electronics and from October 2011 will also be a pro rector at the college....   2010
Crick Lecture	2003	Given annually on a topic "in any field of the Biological Sciences, but preference will be given to the general areas in which Francis Crick himself worked: genetics, molecular biology and neurobiology" the Crick Lecture is named after Francis Crick Francis Crick Francis Harry Compton Crick OM FRS was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, and most noted for being one of two co-discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953, together with James D. Watson...  and normally given by a scientist under the age of 40, or with a career stage similar to that of a scientist under 40.	Gill McVean  2010
Croonian Lecture Croonian Lecture The Croonian Lectures are prestigious lectureships given at the invitation of the Royal Society and the Royal College of Physicians.Among the papers of William Croone at his death in 1684, was a plan to endow one lectureship at both the Royal Society and the Royal College of Physicians...	1701	Given annually on "the advancement of natural knowledge on local motion, or (conditionally) of such other subjects as, in the opinion of the President for the time being, should be most useful in promoting the objects for which the Royal Society was instituted" the Croonian Lecture is named after William Croone William Croone William Croone was an English physician and one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society.-Life:He was born in London on 15 September 1633, and admitted to Merchant Taylors' School on 11 December 1642. He was admitted on 13 May 1647 a pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, graduating B.A. in... , a founding member of the Royal Society, and is the oldest lecture maintained by the Society; it is also the most prestigious lecture in the biological sciences.	Alec Jeffries  2010
Ferrier Lecture Ferrier Lecture The Ferrier Lecture is a Royal Society lectureship given every three years "on a subject related to the advancement of natural knowledge on the structure and function of the nervous system"...	1928	Given triennially "on a subject related to the advancement of natural knowledge on the structure and function of the nervous system" the Ferrier Lecture is named for David Ferrier David Ferrier Sir David Ferrier, FRS was a pioneering Scottish neurologist and psychologist.-Life:Ferrier was born in Woodside, Aberdeen and educated at Aberdeen Grammar School before studying for an MA at Aberdeen University... .	Colin Blakemore Colin Blakemore Professor Colin Blakemore, Ph.D., FRS, FMedSci, HonFSB, HonFRCP, is a British neurobiologist who is Professor of Neuroscience at the University of Oxford and University of Warwick specialising in vision and the development of the brain. He was formerly Chief Executive of the British Medical...   2010
Leeuwenhoek Lecture Leeuwenhoek Lecture The Leeuwenhoek Lecture is a prize lecture of the Royal Society originally given annually, but now every three years, on the subject of microbiology. It is named after the Dutch microscopist Anton van Leeuwenhoek and was instituted in 1948 from a bequest...	1948	Given triennially "to recognise excellence in the [fields] of microbiology... bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology and microscopy" the Leeuwenhoek Lecture is named after Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and is accompanied by a £500 gift.	Robert Webster  2010
Paterson Lecture	1975	Given annually "on any aspect of engineering" the Patterson Lecture was created in 1975 by a donation from the General Electric Company plc in honour of Clifford Paterson. It is aimed at early to mid-level scientists and is accompanied by a £500 gift.	S. Ravi P. Silva  2011
Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture The Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture is a public lecture organised annually by the Royal Society of London. It was formed in 2005 by the merger of the Wilkins Lecture, the Bernal Lecture and the Medawar Lecture...	2005	Given annually on "some aspect of the social function of science" the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar lecture was created as a merger of the Wilkins Wilkins Lecture The Wilkins Lecture was a lecture organised by the Royal Society of London on the subject of the history of science and named after John Wilkins, the first Secretary of the Society. The last Wilkins lecture was delivered in 2003, after which it was merged with the Bernal Lecture and the Medawar... , Bernal Bernal Lecture The Bernal Lecture was an annual lecture on the social function of science organised by the Royal Society of London and endowed by Professor John Desmond Bernal. It was last delivered in 2004, after which it was merged with the Wilkins Lecture and Medawar Lecture to form the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar...  and Medawar Medawar Lecture The Medawar Lecture was an annual lecture on the philosophy of science organised by the Royal Society of London in memory of Sir Peter Medawar. It was last delivered in 2004 after which it was merged with the Wilkins Lecture and the Bernal Lecture to form the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture. - List...  lectures previously hosted by the Royal Society.	Melvyn Bragg Melvyn Bragg Melvyn Bragg, Baron Bragg FRSL FRTS FBA, FRS FRSA is an English broadcaster and author best known for his work with the BBC and for presenting the The South Bank Show...   2010

International lectures

Lecture	Created	Description	Recent lecturers	Notes
Blackett Memorial Lecture	1975	The Blackett Memorial Lecture is maintained by the Royal Society and the Indian National Science Academy Indian National Science Academy The Indian National Science Academy , New Delhi is the apex body of Indian scientists representing all branches of science & technology.-History:... , and is named after Patrick Blackett Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Baron Blackett OM CH FRS was an English experimental physicist known for his work on cloud chambers, cosmic rays, and paleomagnetism. He also made a major contribution in World War II advising on military strategy and developing Operational Research... . Lectures are held biennially and alternate between locations in India (proposed by the Indian National Science Academy) and locations in the United Kingdom (proposed by the Royal Society).	Ashoke Sen Ashoke Sen Ashoke Sen , FRS, is an Indian theoretical physicist. He has made a number of major original contributions to the subject of string theory, including his landmark paper on strong-weak coupling duality or S-duality, which was influential in changing the course of research in the field...   2007
Claude Bernard Lecture	1984	The Claude Bernard Lecture is (along with the Humphry Davy Lecture) one of two lectures created following an agreement between the Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences in 1984. The lecture is named after Claude Bernard Claude Bernard Claude Bernard was a French physiologist. He was the first to define the term milieu intérieur . Historian of science I. Bernard Cohen of Harvard University called Bernard "one of the greatest of all men of science"...  and is given annually by a senior French scientist on a visit to the United Kingdom	Jean-Baptiste Leblond  2006
Humphry Davy Lecture	1984	The Humphry Davy Lecture is (along with the Claude Bernard Lecture) one of two lectures created following an agreement between the Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences in 1984. The lecture is named after Humphry Davy Humphry Davy Sir Humphry Davy, 1st Baronet FRS MRIA was a British chemist and inventor. He is probably best remembered today for his discoveries of several alkali and alkaline earth metals, as well as contributions to the discoveries of the elemental nature of chlorine and iodine...  and is given annually by a senior British scientist on a visit to France	Julia Higgins Julia Higgins Dame Julia Stretton Higgins, DBE, FRS, FREng is Professor of Polymer Science in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology at Imperial College London...   2007
Rutherford Memorial Lectures Rutherford Memorial Lecture (Royal Society) The Rutherford Memorial Lecture is an international lecture of the Royal Society created under the Rutherford Memorial Scheme in 1952. It is held at universities in various countries in the Commonwealth, with a stipulation that at least one of every three lectures must be held in New Zealand.- List...	1952	The Rutherford Memorial Lecture is an international lecture of the Royal Society created under the Rutherford Memorial Scheme in 1952. It is held at universities in various countries in the Commonwealth Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and formerly known as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of fifty-four independent member states... , with a stipulation that at least one of every three lectures must be held in New Zealand.	Lord Rees of Ludlow  2010
UK-Canada Rutherford Lecture	1982	The UK-Canada Rutherford Lecture is an international lecture of the Royal Society created following an agreement between the Royal Society and the Royal Society of Canada Royal Society of Canada The Royal Society of Canada , may also operate under the more descriptive name RSC: The Academies of Arts, Humanities and Sciences of Canada , is the oldest association of scientists and scholars in Canada...  in 1982. It is held annually with the location alternating between Canada and the United Kingdom, and its stated purpose is "to strengthen links between the two societies and between scientists in Canada and the United Kingdom generally".	Tito Scaiano Tito Scaiano Juan Cesar Scaiano, OC, FRSC first came to Canada in 1975 as a visiting scientist with the National Research Council from Argentina. Returning to the NRC in 1979, he developed an innovative new program studying organic reaction intermediates using laser techniques...   2005

Medals

Medal	Created	Description	Recent recipients	Notes
Buchanan Medal Buchanan Medal The Buchanan Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every year "in recognition of distinguished contribution to the medical sciences generally". The award was created in 1897 from a fund to the memory of London physician Sir George Buchanan . It was to be awarded once every five years, but since...	1897	Originally awarded every five years, this award is now made biennially (in even years) in recognition of distinguished contribution to the medical sciences generally and the silver gilt medal is accompanied by a gift of £1000 Pound sterling The pound sterling , commonly called the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, its Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory and Tristan da Cunha. It is subdivided into 100 pence... .	Peter Cresswell 2010
Copley Medal Copley Medal The Copley Medal is an award given by the Royal Society of London for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science, and alternates between the physical sciences and the biological sciences"...	1731	Awarded annually for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science" the Copley Medal is the oldest and most prestigious award of the Royal Society and is accompanied by a gift of £5000 Pound sterling The pound sterling , commonly called the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, its Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory and Tristan da Cunha. It is subdivided into 100 pence... .	David Cox David Cox David Cox may refer to:*David Cox , former member of the House of Representatives for the Division of Kingston*David Cox , English landscape painter*Sir David Cox , English statistician...  & Tomas Lindahl Tomas Lindahl Tomas Robert Lindahl FRS is a Swedish scientist specialising in cancer research.He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters... 2010
Darwin Medal Darwin Medal The Darwin Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every alternate year for "work of acknowledged distinction in the broad area of biology in which Charles Darwin worked, notably in evolution, population biology, organismal biology and biological diversity". First awarded in 1890, it was created in...	1890	Awarded every second year for "work of acknowledged distinction in the broad area of biology in which Charles Darwin worked" the Darwin Medal is accompanied by a gift of £1000.	Bryan Clarke Bryan Clarke Professor Bryan Campbell Clarke FRS, born in 1932, is a British geneticist. He is professor emeritus of genetics at the University of Nottingham. Clarke is particularly noted for his work on apostatic selection and other forms of frequency-dependent selection, and work on polymorphism in snails,... 2010
Davy Medal Davy Medal The Davy Medal is awarded by the Royal Society of London "for an outstandingly important recent discovery in any branch of chemistry". Named after Humphry Davy, the medal is awarded with a gift of £1000. The medal was first awarded in 1877 to Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff "for...	1877	Awarded every year "for an outstandingly important recent discovery in any branch of chemistry" the Davy Medal is accompanied by a gift of £1000. Unlike many of the medals of the Royal Society that are silver the Davy Medal is bronze.	Carol Robinson 2010
Gabor Medal Gabor Medal The Gabor Medal is a medal awarded by the Royal Society of London for "acknowledged distinction of interdisciplinary work between the life sciences with other disciplines". The medal was created in 1989 to honour the memory of Dennis Gabor, and is awarded biennially...	1989	Awarded every second year for "acknowledged distinction of interdisciplinary work between the life sciences with other disciplines " the Gabor Medal is accompanied by a £1000 gift and is targeted at scientists in the early or middle stages of their careers.	Gideon Davies 2010
Hughes Medal Hughes Medal The Hughes Medal is awarded by the Royal Society of London "in recognition of an original discovery in the physical sciences, particularly electricity and magnetism or their applications". Named after David E. Hughes, the medal is awarded with a gift of £1000. The medal was first awarded in 1902 to...	1902	Awarded annually "in recognition of an original discovery in the physical sciences, particularly electricity and magnetism or their applications" the Hughes Medal is accompanied by a £1000 gift. Unlike other medals such as the Copley Medal the Hughes Medal has never been awarded to the same individual more than once.	Andre Geim Andre Geim Andre Konstantin Geim, FRS is a Dutch-Russian-British physicist working at the University of Manchester. Geim was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Konstantin Novoselov for his work on graphene... 2010
Leverhulme Medal Leverhulme Medal (Royal Society) The Leverhulme Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every three years "for an outstandingly significant contribution in the field of pure or applied chemistry or engineering, including chemical engineering". It was created in 1960 after a donation by the Leverhulme Trust to mark the 300-year...	1960	Awarded triennially "for an outstandingly significant contribution in the field of pure or applied chemistry or engineering, including chemical engineering" the Leverhulme Medal is accompanied by a £2000 gift and was created to mark the 300-year anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Society	Martyn Poliakoff Martyn Poliakoff Martyn Poliakoff CBE FRS is a British chemist, working on gaining insights into fundamental chemistry and also on developing environmentally acceptable processes and materials. The core themes of his work are supercritical fluids , infrared spectroscopy and lasers. He is a Research Professor in... 2010
Royal Medal Royal Medal The Royal Medal, also known as The Queen's Medal, is a silver-gilt medal awarded each year by the Royal Society, two for "the most important contributions to the advancement of natural knowledge" and one for "distinguished contributions in the applied sciences" made within the Commonwealth of...	1826	Awarded every year in threes the Royal Medal is given for two different reasons; two medals are awarded for "the most important contributions to the advancement of natural knowledge" and one for "distinguished contributions in the applied sciences". The Royal Medal is the only Royal Society medal to be awarded multiple times per year, and is also known as the Queen's Medal.	Peter Knight Peter Knight Peter Knight is a folk musician, member of the electric folk group Steeleye Span.Peter Knight was born in London on 27 May 1947. As a child he learned the violin and mandolin before going to the Royal Academy of Music from 1960 to 1964. The recordings of the Irish fiddler Michael Coleman inspired... Azim Surani Allen Hill 2010
Rumford Medal Rumford Medal The Rumford Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every alternating year for "an outstandingly important recent discovery in the field of thermal or optical properties of matter made by a scientist working in Europe". First awarded in 1800, it was created after a 1796 donation of $5000 by the...	1800	Awarded every second year for "an outstandingly important recent discovery in the field of thermal or optical properties of matter made by a scientist working in Europe" the Rumford Medal is accompanied by a £1000 gift. The first person awarded the medal was Count Rumford, who created it in the first place.	Gilbert Lonzarich 2010
Sylvester Medal Sylvester Medal The Sylvester Medal is a bronze medal awarded by the Royal Society for the encouragement of mathematical research, and accompanied by a £1,000 prize...	1901	Awarded every second year for "the encouragement of mathematical research" the Sylvester Medal is accompanied by a £1000 gift and is targeted at scientists in the early or middle stages of their careers.	Graeme Segal Graeme Segal Graeme Bryce Segal is a British mathematician, and professor at the University of Oxford.Segal was educated at the University of Sydney, where he received his BSc degree in 1961. He went on to receive his D.Phil... 2010

Historical awards and lectures

Lecture	Created	Description	Recent lecturer/winner	Notes
Bernal Lecture Bernal Lecture The Bernal Lecture was an annual lecture on the social function of science organised by the Royal Society of London and endowed by Professor John Desmond Bernal. It was last delivered in 2004, after which it was merged with the Wilkins Lecture and Medawar Lecture to form the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar...	1969	The Bernal Lecture was a Royal Society lecture given triennially "on some aspect of the social function of science". It was named after John Desmond Bernal and last given in 2004. It is now included in the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture The Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture is a public lecture organised annually by the Royal Society of London. It was formed in 2005 by the merger of the Wilkins Lecture, the Bernal Lecture and the Medawar Lecture...	Michael Crumpton  2004
Esso Energy Award	1974	The Esso Energy Award was created following a donation by Esso Esso Esso is an international trade name for ExxonMobil and its related companies. Pronounced , it is derived from the initials of the pre-1911 Standard Oil, and as such became the focus of much litigation and regulatory restriction in the United States. In 1972, it was largely replaced in the U.S. by... . It was awarded "for outstanding contributions to the advancement of science or engineering or technology leading to the more efficient mobilization, use or conservation of energy resources" and was given for the final time in 1999.	Takeshi Uchiyamada 1999
Florey Lecture Florey Lecture The Florey Lecture was a lecture organised by the Royal Society of London.- List of lecturers :...	1981	The Florey Lecture was established in 1981 in collaboration with the Australian National University Australian National University The Australian National University is a teaching and research university located in the Australian capital, Canberra.As of 2009, the ANU employs 3,945 administrative staff who teach approximately 10,000 undergraduates, and 7,500 postgraduate students... . It was held in Australia and the United Kingdom in alternate years and ceased when the collaboration period ended in 1992.	Hugh Pelham  1992
Medawar Lecture Medawar Lecture The Medawar Lecture was an annual lecture on the philosophy of science organised by the Royal Society of London in memory of Sir Peter Medawar. It was last delivered in 2004 after which it was merged with the Wilkins Lecture and the Bernal Lecture to form the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture. - List...	1985	The Medawar Lecture was established in 1985 after an anonymous donation of £5000. It was held triennially to honour Peter Medawar Peter Medawar Sir Peter Brian Medawar OM CBE FRS was a British biologist, whose work on graft rejection and the discovery of acquired immune tolerance was fundamental to the practice of tissue and organ transplants...  and last given in 2004; it is now included in the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture.	Peter Lipton Peter Lipton Peter Lipton was the Hans Rausing Professor and Head of the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at Cambridge University, and a fellow of King's College, until his unexpected death in November 2007...   2004
Philips Lecture Philips Lecture The Philips Lecture was a lecture organised by the Royal Society of London.- List of lecturers :...	1980	The Philips Lecture was established in 1985 in collaboration with Philips Philips Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. , more commonly known as Philips, is a multinational Dutch electronics company....  for an initial five-year period; it was subsequently renewed in 1985. Held annually it was last given in 1992.	C. Thomas Elliott C. Thomas Elliott Charles Thomas Elliott , FRS, CBE, is a leading scientist in the fields of narrow gap semiconductor and infrared detector research. Hailing from county Durham, after gaining his Ph.D., he worked at the University of Manchester before joining RRE in Malvern, Worcestershire in the late 1960s...   1992
Pilgrim Trust Lecture Pilgrim Trust Lecture The Pilgrim Trust Lecture was a lecture organised by the Royal Society of London.- List of lecturers :...	1938	The Pilgrim Trust Lecture was created in 1938 in collaboration with the Pilgrim Trust Pilgrim Trust The Pilgrim Trust is a London-based charitable trust. It was founded in 1930 by a two million pound grant by Edward Harkness, an American philanthropist. The trust's first secretary was former civil servant, Thomas Jones.... , who sponsored a series of lectures to be organised by the Royal Society and the United States National Academy of Sciences United States National Academy of Sciences The National Academy of Sciences is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as "advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine." As a national academy, new members of the organization are elected annually by current members, based on their distinguished and...  and to be held in Washington, D.C. and London in alternate years. The last lecture of the series was given in 1945.	Hermann Joseph Muller Hermann Joseph Muller Hermann Joseph Muller was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation as well as his outspoken political beliefs...   1945
Tercentenary Lectures Tercentenary Lectures The Tercentenary Lectures were a series of lectures held upon the 300th anniversary year of the Royal Society of London in 1960.- List of lecturers :...	1960	The Tercentenary Lectures were a series of lectures held at the tercentenary of the Royal Society of London in 1960	Vincent Wigglesworth Vincent Wigglesworth Sir Vincent Brian Wigglesworth FRS was a British entomologist who made significant contributions to the field of insect physiology.In particular, he studied metamorphosis...   1960
Wilkins Lecture Wilkins Lecture The Wilkins Lecture was a lecture organised by the Royal Society of London on the subject of the history of science and named after John Wilkins, the first Secretary of the Society. The last Wilkins lecture was delivered in 2003, after which it was merged with the Bernal Lecture and the Medawar...	1947	The Wilkins Lecture was created in 1947 after a donation from JD Griffith Davies, the Royal Society secretary. It was named after John Wilkins John Wilkins John Wilkins FRS was an English clergyman, natural philosopher and author, as well as a founder of the Invisible College and one of the founders of the Royal Society, and Bishop of Chester from 1668 until his death.... , the first secretary of the Royal Society, and last given in 2006. It is now included in the Wilkins-Bernal-Medawar Lecture.	John L. Heilbron John L. Heilbron John Lewis Heilbron, born 17 March 1934, is an American historian of science best known for his work in the history of physics and the history of astronomy... 2006