Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 that in humans is encoded by the CASK gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

. This gene is also known by several other names: CMG 2 (CAMGUK protein 2), calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase 3 and membrane-associated guanylate kinase 2.

Genomics

This gene is located on the short arm of the X chromosome

X chromosome

The X chromosome is one of the two sex-determining chromosomes in many animal species, including mammals and is common in both males and females. It is a part of the XY sex-determination system and X0 sex-determination system...

 (Xp11.4). It is 404,253 bases in length and lies on the Crick (minus) strand. The encoded protein has 926 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 105.123 kDa.

Molecular biology

This protein is a multidomain scaffolding protein with a role in synaptic transmembrane protein anchoring and ion channel trafficking. It interacts with the transcription factor TBR1

TBR1

T-box, brain, 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBR1 gene. This gene is also known by several other names: T-Brain 1, TBR-1, TES-56, and MGC141978. TBR1 is a member of the T-box family of transcription factors that share a common DNA-binding domain...

 and binds to several cell-surface proteins including amyloid precursor protein

Amyloid precursor protein

Amyloid precursor protein is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. Its primary function is not known, though it has been implicated as a regulator of synapse formation, neural plasticity and iron export...

, neurexin

Neurexin

A neurexin is a presynaptic protein that helps to glue together neurons at the synapse. Neurexins are type I membrane proteins that can be classified into two types, α-NRXNs and β-NRXNs. The α-NRXNs are larger and have different amino-terminal extracellular sequences...

s and syndecan

Syndecan

Syndecans are single transmembrane domain proteins that are thought to act as coreceptors, especially for G protein-coupled receptors. These core proteins carry three to five heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate chains, which allow for interaction with a large variety of ligands including...

s.

Unlike many protein kinases, it does not require a divalent cation such as magnesium for catalytic activity

According to one study, CASK forms protein complexes with CINAP and TBR1

TBR1

T-box, brain, 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBR1 gene. This gene is also known by several other names: T-Brain 1, TBR-1, TES-56, and MGC141978. TBR1 is a member of the T-box family of transcription factors that share a common DNA-binding domain...

.

Interactions

CASK has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with KCNJ4

KCNJ4

Potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 4, also known as KCNJ4 or Kir2.3, is a human gene.-Interactions:KCNJ4 has been shown to interact with LIN7C, LIN7B, DLG4, DLG1 and CASK....

, ID1

ID1

DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-1 is a protein that in mice and humans is encoded by the ID1 gene.. The protein encoded by this gene is a helix-loop-helix protein that can form heterodimers with members of the basic HLH family of transcription factors...

, F11 receptor

F11 receptor

Junctional adhesion molecule A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the F11R gene. KDR has also been designated as CD321 .-Interactions:...

, SDC2

SDC2

Syndecan-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SDC2 gene.-Interactions:SDC2 has been shown to interact with Laminin, alpha 3, EZR and CASK.-Further reading:...

, Parkin (ligase)

Parkin (ligase)

Parkin is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PARK2 gene. The precise function of this protein is unknown; however, the protein is a component of a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex which in turn is part of the ubiquitin-proteasome system that mediates the targeting of proteins for...

, LIN7A

LIN7A

Lin-7 homolog A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LIN7A gene.-Interactions:LIN7A has been shown to interact with KCNJ12, DLG1 and CASK.-Further reading:...

, Nephrin

Nephrin

Nephrin is a protein necessary for the proper functioning of the renal filtration barrier. The renal filtration barrier consists of fenestrated endothelial cells, the glomerular basement membrane, and the podocytes of epithelial cells...

, DLG4

DLG4

PSD-95 also known as SAP-90 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DLG4 gene....

, RPH3A

RPH3A

Rabphilin-3A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPH3A gene.It contains two C2 domains and binds calcium ions at low micromolar concentration...

, DLG1

DLG1

Disks large homolog 1 , also known as synapse-associated protein 97 or SAP97, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SAP97 gene....

, APBA1

APBA1

Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family A member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBA1 gene.-Interactions:APBA1 has been shown to interact with KCNJ12, CCS, CASK and Amyloid precursor protein.-Further reading:...

, KCNJ12

KCNJ12

ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNJ12 gene.-Interactions:KCNJ12 has been shown to interact with LIN7C, DLG4, LIN7B, DLG2, DLG3, DLG1, APBA1, LIN7A and CASK.- External links :...

 and ATP2B4

ATP2B4

Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP2B4 gene.-Further reading:...

.

Further reading