ID1
Encyclopedia
DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-1 is a protein
that in mice and humans (and other vertebrates) is encoded by the ID1 gene
.. The protein encoded by this gene is a helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein that can form heterodimers with members of the basic HLH
family of transcription factor
s . The encoded protein has no DNA binding activity and therefore can inhibit the DNA binding and transcriptional activation ability of basic HLH proteins with which it interacts . This protein may play a role in cell growth, senescence, and differentiation . Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
weakly with MyoD
but very tightly with ubiquitously expressed E proteins . E proteins heterodimerize with tissue restricted bHLH proteins such as Myod, NeuroD, etc. to form active transcription complexes so by sequestering E proteins, Id proteins can inhibit tissue restricted gene expression in multiple cell lineages using the same biochemical mechanism. Other interacting partners include CASK
.
s which are critical to tumour growth and angiogenesis
. Targeting ID1 results in decreased tumour growth . Therefore, ID1 could be used to design a novel cancer therapy.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in mice and humans (and other vertebrates) is encoded by the ID1 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.. The protein encoded by this gene is a helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein that can form heterodimers with members of the basic HLH
Basic-helix-loop-helix
A basic helix-loop-helix is a protein structural motif that characterizes a family of transcription factors.- Structure :The motif is characterized by two α-helices connected by a loop. In general, transcription factors including this domain are dimeric, each with one helix containing basic amino...
family of transcription factor
Transcription factor
In molecular biology and genetics, a transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the flow of genetic information from DNA to mRNA...
s . The encoded protein has no DNA binding activity and therefore can inhibit the DNA binding and transcriptional activation ability of basic HLH proteins with which it interacts . This protein may play a role in cell growth, senescence, and differentiation . Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Interactions
ID1 has been shown to interactProtein-protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...
weakly with MyoD
MyoD
MyoD is a protein with a key role in regulating muscle differentiation. MyoD belongs to a family of proteins known as myogenic regulatory factors . These bHLH transcription factors act sequentially in myogenic differentiation. MRF family members include MyoD, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4 .MyoD is one...
but very tightly with ubiquitously expressed E proteins . E proteins heterodimerize with tissue restricted bHLH proteins such as Myod, NeuroD, etc. to form active transcription complexes so by sequestering E proteins, Id proteins can inhibit tissue restricted gene expression in multiple cell lineages using the same biochemical mechanism. Other interacting partners include CASK
CASK
Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CASK gene. This gene is also known by several other names: CMG 2 , calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase 3 and membrane-associated guanylate kinase 2.-Genomics:This gene is located on the short arm of...
.
Clinical significance
ID1 can be used to mark endothelial progenitor cellEndothelial progenitor cell
Endothelial progenitor cells are a population of rare cells that circulate in the blood with the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells, the cells that make up the lining of blood vessels. The process by which blood vessels are born de novo from endothelial progenitor cells is known as...
s which are critical to tumour growth and angiogenesis
Angiogenesis
Angiogenesis is the physiological process involving the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. Though there has been some debate over terminology, vasculogenesis is the term used for spontaneous blood-vessel formation, and intussusception is the term for the formation of new blood...
. Targeting ID1 results in decreased tumour growth . Therefore, ID1 could be used to design a novel cancer therapy.