Charles Manners-Sutton, 1st Viscount Canterbury
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Charles Manners-Sutton, 1st Viscount Canterbury GCB
, PC (9 January 1780 – 21 July 1845) was a British
Tory politician who served as Speaker of the House of Commons
from 1817 to 1835.
, Manners-Sutton was born at Screveton, Nottinghamshire
, the son of the Most Reverend Charles Manners-Sutton
, Archbishop of Canterbury
, fourth son of Lord George Manners-Sutton, third son of John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland
. His mother was Mary, daughter of Thomas Thoroton, of Screveton, Nottinghamshire
, while Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners
, Lord Chancellor of Ireland
, was his uncle. He was educated at Eton
and Trinity College, Cambridge
, and was called to the Bar
, Lincoln's Inn
, in 1805.
for Scarborough
, a seat he would hold until 1832, and then sat for Cambridge University
from 1832 to 1835. He served as Judge Advocate General under Spencer Perceval
and Lord Liverpool
from 1809 to 1817 and was admitted to the Privy Council in 1809.
In 1817 Manners-Sutton was elected Speaker of the House of Commons
, a post he would hold for the next eighteen years. During the political crisis surrounding the Reform Act
of 1832 he allowed his name to be put forward as a possible candidate for Prime Minister in an anti-Reform ministry. As a result the victorious Whigs voted him out of the Speakership in 1835. In 1835 Manners-Sutton was appointed High Commissioner
for Canada
, but did not take up the post. He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
in 1833 and in 1835 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Bottesford, of Bottesford in the County of Leicester, and Viscount Canterbury, of the City of Canterbury.
, Nottinghamshire
, in December 1815, he married as his second wife Ellen, daughter of Edmund Power and widow of John Home Purves, in 1828. There were children from both marriages. Lord Canterbury died at Southwick Crescent, Paddington
, London
, in July 1845, aged 65, from apoplexy
, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles. His second wife only survived him by a few months and died at Clifton, Gloucestershire
, in November 1845.
Order of the Bath
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
, PC (9 January 1780 – 21 July 1845) was a British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
Tory politician who served as Speaker of the House of Commons
Speaker of the British House of Commons
The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The current Speaker is John Bercow, who was elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin...
from 1817 to 1835.
Background and education
A member of the Manners family headed by the Duke of RutlandDuke of Rutland
Earl of Rutland and Duke of Rutland are titles in the peerage of England, derived from Rutland, a county in the East Midlands of England. The Earl of Rutland was elevated to the status of Duke in 1703 and the titles were merged....
, Manners-Sutton was born at Screveton, Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire is a county in the East Midlands of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west...
, the son of the Most Reverend Charles Manners-Sutton
Charles Manners-Sutton
Charles Manners-Sutton was a priest in the Church of England who served as Archbishop of Canterbury from 1805 to 1828.-Life:...
, Archbishop of Canterbury
Archbishop of Canterbury
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
, fourth son of Lord George Manners-Sutton, third son of John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland
John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland
John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland KG PC was an English nobleman, the eldest son of John Manners, 2nd Duke of Rutland and Catherine Russell...
. His mother was Mary, daughter of Thomas Thoroton, of Screveton, Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire is a county in the East Midlands of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west...
, while Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners
Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners
Thomas Manners-Sutton, 1st Baron Manners PC, KC , was a British lawyer and politician who served as Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1807 to 1827.-Background and education:...
, Lord Chancellor of Ireland
Lord Chancellor of Ireland
The office of Lord Chancellor of Ireland was the highest judicial office in Ireland until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. From 1721 to 1801 it was also the highest political office of the Irish Parliament.-13th century:...
, was his uncle. He was educated at Eton
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
and Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Trinity has more members than any other college in Cambridge or Oxford, with around 700 undergraduates, 430 graduates, and over 170 Fellows...
, and was called to the Bar
Call to the bar
The Call to the Bar is a legal term of art in most common law jurisdictions where persons must be qualified to be allowed to argue in court on behalf of another party, and are then said to have been "called to the bar" or to have received a "call to the bar"...
, Lincoln's Inn
Lincoln's Inn
The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is one of four Inns of Court in London to which barristers of England and Wales belong and where they are called to the Bar. The other three are Middle Temple, Inner Temple and Gray's Inn. Although Lincoln's Inn is able to trace its official records beyond...
, in 1805.
Political career
In 1806 Manners-Sutton was elected Tory Member of ParliamentMember of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
for Scarborough
Scarborough (UK Parliament constituency)
Scarborough was the name of a constituency in Yorkshire, electing Members of Parliament to the House of Commons, at two periods. From 1295 until 1918 it was a parliamentary borough consisting only of the town of Scarborough, electing two MPs until 1885 and one from 1885 until 1918...
, a seat he would hold until 1832, and then sat for Cambridge University
Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)
Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950.-Boundaries, Electorate and Election Systems:...
from 1832 to 1835. He served as Judge Advocate General under Spencer Perceval
Spencer Perceval
Spencer Perceval, KC was a British statesman and First Lord of the Treasury, making him de facto Prime Minister. He is the only British Prime Minister to have been assassinated...
and Lord Liverpool
Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool
Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool KG PC was a British politician and the longest-serving Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since the Union with Ireland in 1801. He was 42 years old when he became premier in 1812 which made him younger than all of his successors to date...
from 1809 to 1817 and was admitted to the Privy Council in 1809.
In 1817 Manners-Sutton was elected Speaker of the House of Commons
Speaker of the British House of Commons
The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The current Speaker is John Bercow, who was elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin...
, a post he would hold for the next eighteen years. During the political crisis surrounding the Reform Act
Reform Act 1832
The Representation of the People Act 1832 was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales...
of 1832 he allowed his name to be put forward as a possible candidate for Prime Minister in an anti-Reform ministry. As a result the victorious Whigs voted him out of the Speakership in 1835. In 1835 Manners-Sutton was appointed High Commissioner
High Commissioner
High Commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment.The English term is also used to render various equivalent titles in other languages.-Bilateral diplomacy:...
for Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, but did not take up the post. He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Order of the Bath
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
in 1833 and in 1835 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Bottesford, of Bottesford in the County of Leicester, and Viscount Canterbury, of the City of Canterbury.
Family
Lord Canterbury was twice married. He married as his first wife Lucy Maria Charlotte, daughter of John Denison, in 1811. After her early death at OssingtonOssington
Ossington is a village in the county of Nottinghamshire, England 7 miles north of Newark on Trent.It is centred around the site of Ossington Hall, the ancestral home of the Denison family. The house was demolished in 1964 and all that remains are a few out-buildings and the private chapel which...
, Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire is a county in the East Midlands of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west...
, in December 1815, he married as his second wife Ellen, daughter of Edmund Power and widow of John Home Purves, in 1828. There were children from both marriages. Lord Canterbury died at Southwick Crescent, Paddington
Paddington
Paddington is a district within the City of Westminster, in central London, England. Formerly a metropolitan borough, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965...
, London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
, in July 1845, aged 65, from apoplexy
Apoplexy
Apoplexy is a medical term, which can be used to describe 'bleeding' in a stroke . Without further specification, it is rather outdated in use. Today it is used only for specific conditions, such as pituitary apoplexy and ovarian apoplexy. In common speech, it is used non-medically to mean a state...
, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles. His second wife only survived him by a few months and died at Clifton, Gloucestershire
Gloucestershire
Gloucestershire is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean....
, in November 1845.