DRG Kleinlokomotive Class I
Encyclopedia
The Kleinlokomotiven of Class I were light German locomotives of low weight and power (up to 40 PS) designed for shunting duties. They were placed in service by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
(DRG) after trials had been carried out on several prototype locomotives in 1930. The power source for these locomotives was either a diesel
or petrol engine
.
in 1931 and split them into two classes or 'power groups'. Locomotives in power group I, with an engine power of up to 40 PS (29 kW), were intended for shunting at small stations and in simple situations.
As a result of the new numbering scheme two of the trials engines from 1930 were also included in Class I. These were locomotives V 6016 and V 6017 (from 1931 Kö 0001 and Kö 0002) delivered by the Fürst-Stolberg-Hütte works at Ilsenburg
. They did not acquit themselves well due to numerous defects and were retired again by 1932. Whilst, as early as 1931, the DRG had issued several specifications for locomotives in Class II, for Class I it simply ordered locomotives of the manufacturer's designs between 1931 and 1934, in order to keep procurement costs down. These locomotives were delivered by Jung
, Orenstein & Koppel, Windhoff and Gmeinder
. They were not permitted to leave the station, because they were too light to achieve reliable rail contact.
a standard, small locomotive (Einheitskleinlokomotive) for the DRG. This was heavily based on the latest delivery from Gmeinder. As a result the entire locomotive, apart from the diesel engine, was standardised. The footplate on the locomotives was open at the sides and all controls were duplicated on both sides of the engine. The Kleinlokomotiven had buffers and a very simple shunting coupling, that could be automatically coupled and then released usign a foot pedal. Transmission was achieved from the engine using simple roller chains on both axles.
The locomotives only had a foot brake and no compressed air brake.
The first type of Einheitskleinlokomotive was further evolved in 1935 into a more robust and powerful model. This was given a much stronger frame and more powerful engine. Due to their greater weight these locomotives were allowed to range outside of stations.
In order to be able to use home-produced fuels, from 1942 to 1945 many locomotives were converted and driven on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). After the Second World War they were converted back again however to diesel operation.
F4L514 engines. As a result of this increase in power the numbering system was changed – from then on, locomotives with a power of up to 50 PS were allocated to Class I.
The Kleinlokomotiven in Class I were ousted by those in classes II and III. In addition the traffic in part-load goods fell, so that most of the engines were retired by the DB in the 1960s and 70s.
In the Deutsche Reichsbahn there was an attempt to introduce a standard engine type, otherwise there were only minor modifications. In the 1970s they too retired most of the locomotives. Some of the retirements were officially called conversions; actually a new Class II locomotive was built by the Dessau shop (Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk or Raw).
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
(DRG) after trials had been carried out on several prototype locomotives in 1930. The power source for these locomotives was either a diesel
Diesel engine
A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber...
or petrol engine
Petrol engine
A petrol engine is an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition, designed to run on petrol and similar volatile fuels....
.
History
After the Deutsche Reichsbahn had initially obtained several trials locomotives in 1930, it took delivery of production KleinloksKleinlokomotive
A Kleinlokomotive or Kleinlok is a German locomotive of small size and low power for light shunting duties at railway stations and on industrial railways. It is usually powered by a diesel engine...
in 1931 and split them into two classes or 'power groups'. Locomotives in power group I, with an engine power of up to 40 PS (29 kW), were intended for shunting at small stations and in simple situations.
As a result of the new numbering scheme two of the trials engines from 1930 were also included in Class I. These were locomotives V 6016 and V 6017 (from 1931 Kö 0001 and Kö 0002) delivered by the Fürst-Stolberg-Hütte works at Ilsenburg
Ilsenburg
Ilsenburg is a town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is situated under the north foot of the Harz Mountains, at the entrance to the Ilsetal valley of the small Ilse river, a tributary of the Oker, about six north-west of the town of Wernigerode. It received town privileges...
. They did not acquit themselves well due to numerous defects and were retired again by 1932. Whilst, as early as 1931, the DRG had issued several specifications for locomotives in Class II, for Class I it simply ordered locomotives of the manufacturer's designs between 1931 and 1934, in order to keep procurement costs down. These locomotives were delivered by Jung
Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik
The Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik was a locomotive manufacturer, in particular of Feldbahn locomotives, in Kirchen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany....
, Orenstein & Koppel, Windhoff and Gmeinder
Gmeinder
Gmeinder GmbH was a German locomotive and engineering company based in Mosbach. Its products included diesel engines, small locomotives and other railway locomotive parts...
. They were not permitted to leave the station, because they were too light to achieve reliable rail contact.
The Einheitskleinlokomotiven
Once it had been demonstrated that the employment of low power Class I locomotives was economical, the project team developeda standard, small locomotive (Einheitskleinlokomotive) for the DRG. This was heavily based on the latest delivery from Gmeinder. As a result the entire locomotive, apart from the diesel engine, was standardised. The footplate on the locomotives was open at the sides and all controls were duplicated on both sides of the engine. The Kleinlokomotiven had buffers and a very simple shunting coupling, that could be automatically coupled and then released usign a foot pedal. Transmission was achieved from the engine using simple roller chains on both axles.
The locomotives only had a foot brake and no compressed air brake.
The first type of Einheitskleinlokomotive was further evolved in 1935 into a more robust and powerful model. This was given a much stronger frame and more powerful engine. Due to their greater weight these locomotives were allowed to range outside of stations.
In order to be able to use home-produced fuels, from 1942 to 1945 many locomotives were converted and driven on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). After the Second World War they were converted back again however to diesel operation.
Technical data
| DRG Class I Einheitskleinlok – DRG/DB/DR Kö* I / DB 311 / DR 100.0 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1934 standard class |
1935 class | 1936 class | |
| Numbering: | Kö 0080, 0105–0184 | Kö 0185–0244 | Kö 0245–0289 |
| Manufacturer: | Gmeinder, Windhoff, Esslingen | Gmeinder | |
| Year(s) of manufacture: | 1934–35 | 1935–36 | 1936–38 |
| Retired: | 1945–89 | ||
| Axle arrangement UIC classification The UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements describes the wheel arrangement of locomotives, multiple units and trams. It is set out in the International Union of Railways "Leaflet 650 - Standard designation of axle arrangement on locomotives and multiple-unit sets". It is used in much... : |
B | ||
| Rail gauge Rail gauge Track gauge or rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the heads of the two load bearing rails that make up a single railway line. Sixty percent of the world's railways use a standard gauge of . Wider gauges are called broad gauge; smaller gauges, narrow gauge. Break-of-gauge refers... : |
1,435 mm | ||
| Length over buffers Buffer (rail transport) A buffer is a part of the buffers-and-chain coupling system used on the railway systems of many countries, among them most of those in Europe, for attaching railway vehicles to one another.... : |
5,475 mm | 5,575 mm | |
| Height: | 3,005 mm | 3,025 mm | |
| Width: | 2,960 mm | 2,962 mm | |
| Overall wheelbase Wheelbase In both road and rail vehicles, the wheelbase is the distance between the centers of the front and rear wheels.- Road :In automobiles, the wheelbase is the horizontal distance between the center of the front wheel and the center of the rear wheel... : |
new 2,500 mm | new 2,506 mm | |
| Smallest curve radius: | 50 m | ||
| Service weight: | ca. 8 t | ca. 10 t | |
| Top speed: | 18 km/h / 23 km/h | ||
| Installed Power: | 18–22 kW | 26–29 kW / 37 kW** | |
| Driving wheel Driving wheel On a steam locomotive, a driving wheel is a powered wheel which is driven by the locomotive's pistons... diameter: |
new 850 mm | ||
| Fuel supplies: | 56 l diesel* | ||
| Engine type: | various water-cooled/air-cooled** diesel engines* | ||
| Transmission: | mechanical (gear, roller chain) | ||
| Locomotive brake: | foot brake | ||
| Train brake: | – | ||
| *1942–45 Many locomotives operated on LPG and became Class Kb **in the DB more powerful air-cooled diesel engines were installed by 1962 |
|||
Post 1945
The Deutsche Bundesbahn retired the manufacturer-designed Kleinlokomotiven and the 1934 standard class engines by 1963. They also standardised the rest of the Kleinloks between 1954 and 1962. As part of that, the locomotives were given the more powerful, air-cooled, 50 PS, DeutzDeutz AG
Deutz AG is an engine manufacturer, based in Cologne, Germany.-History:The company was founded by Nikolaus Otto, inventor of the four-stroke internal combustion engine, in 1864 as N. A...
F4L514 engines. As a result of this increase in power the numbering system was changed – from then on, locomotives with a power of up to 50 PS were allocated to Class I.
The Kleinlokomotiven in Class I were ousted by those in classes II and III. In addition the traffic in part-load goods fell, so that most of the engines were retired by the DB in the 1960s and 70s.
In the Deutsche Reichsbahn there was an attempt to introduce a standard engine type, otherwise there were only minor modifications. In the 1970s they too retired most of the locomotives. Some of the retirements were officially called conversions; actually a new Class II locomotive was built by the Dessau shop (Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk or Raw).
Preserved
Several of the engines have been preserved in their original design and are in use. For example:- Kö 0049 at Schwarzenberg/Erzgeb. Railway Museum
- Kö 0128 of the AG Märkische KleinbahnAG Märkische KleinbahnThe AG Märkische Kleinbahn or MKB in Berlin is a German railway museum and heritage railway, founded in 1981, with legal status as a society since 1982. It has set itself the task of preserving historical railway vehicles and other items of railway technology The AG Märkische Kleinbahn or MKB in...
in BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union... - Kö 0186 is displayed in the Art and Technology Gallery at Schorndorf.
- Kö 0281 as a V2 on the Hesper Valley RailwayHesper Valley RailwayThe Hesper Valley Railway is a German heritage line running steam locomotive services between Kupferdreh Old Station and Haus Scheppen on the Baldeneysee lake in Essen....
(Hespertalbahn)
See also
- Deutsche ReichsbahnDeutsche ReichsbahnDeutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
- List of DRG locomotives and railbuses
- KleinlokomotiveKleinlokomotiveA Kleinlokomotive or Kleinlok is a German locomotive of small size and low power for light shunting duties at railway stations and on industrial railways. It is usually powered by a diesel engine...
- DRG Kleinlokomotive Class IIDRG Kleinlokomotive Class IIGerman Kleinlokomotiven like the DRG Kö II were developed as locomotives with a low weight and driving power for light shunting duties. There were two classes, based on engine power...
- DB Class Köf IIIDB Class Köf IIIThe DB railways Köf III class are light two axle shunting locomotives of Deutsche Bahn AG.-History:...
Source
- Peter Große, Horst Troche: Die Einheitskleinlokomotiven Leistungsgruppen I und II. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2002, ISBN 3-88255-217-4
External links
- Axel Klatts Kleinlok website
- deutsche-kleinloks.de
- AG Märkische Kleinbahn
- There is a relevant English-language forum at Railways of Germany