Dendryphantinae
Encyclopedia
The Dendryphantinae are a subfamily of jumping spider
s that occur mainly in the New World
. The females generally show paired spots on the abdomen, and the males often have enlarged chelicerae
. Females in this subfamily typically have S-shaped epigynal
openings.
Jumping spider
The jumping spider family contains more than 500 described genera and about 5,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders with about 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among invertebrates and use it in courtship, hunting and navigation...
s that occur mainly in the New World
New World
The New World is one of the names used for the Western Hemisphere, specifically America and sometimes Oceania . The term originated in the late 15th century, when America had been recently discovered by European explorers, expanding the geographical horizon of the people of the European middle...
. The females generally show paired spots on the abdomen, and the males often have enlarged chelicerae
Chelicerae
The chelicerae are mouthparts of the Chelicerata, an arthropod subphylum that includes arachnids, Merostomata , and Pycnogonida . Chelicerae are pointed appendages which are used to grasp food, and are found in place of the chewing mandibles most other arthropods have...
. Females in this subfamily typically have S-shaped epigynal
Epigyne
The epigyne or epigynum is the external genital structure of female spiders. As the epigyne varies greatly in form in different species, even in closely related ones, it often provides the most distinctive characteristic for recognizing species...
openings.
Taxonomy
The inclusion of genera follows Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog, with the exception of Agassa, which is now grouped with Sassacus, and Xuriella, discovered in 2000.- Alcmena C. L. Koch, 1846 — South America to Mexico
- AniciusAniciusAnicius is a genus of the jumping spiders. Its only described species Anicius dolius is only found in Mexico.-References: : , version 8.0. American Museum of Natural History....
ChamberlinRalph Vary ChamberlinRalph Vary Chamberlin was an American zoologist from Salt Lake City, Utah. He received his PhD from Cornell University in 1904. He was a professor of zoology at Brigham Young University from 1908-1911, and at the University of Utah from 1925-1938....
, 1925 — MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of... - Ashtabula Peckham & PeckhamGeorge and Elizabeth PeckhamGeorge Williams Peckham and Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham were early American teachers, taxonomists, ethologists, arachnologists, and entomologists, specializing in animal behavior and in the study of jumping spiders and wasps.-Lives and careers:George Peckham was born in Albany,...
, 1894 — BrazilBrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
to PanamaPanamaPanama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The... - Avitus Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
to Panama, JamaicaJamaicaJamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic... - Bagheera Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — GuatemalaGuatemalaGuatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
to Mexico - Beata Peckham & Peckham, 1895 — South AmericaSouth AmericaSouth America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, MadagascarMadagascarThe Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa... - BellotaBellotaBellota is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Bellota fascialis Dyal, 1935 — Pakistan* Bellota formicina — Peru* Bellota livida Dyal, 1935 — Pakistan...
Peckham & Peckham, 1892 — Americas, PakistanPakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan... - BryantellaBryantellaBryantella is a genus of jumping spiders.-Species:* Bryantella smaragdus — Panama to Argentina* Bryantella speciosa Chickering, 1946 — Panama to Brazil...
ChickeringArthur M. ChickeringArthur Merton Chickering was a U.S. arachnologist. He was born on March 23, 1887 in North Danville, Vermont and died on May 24, 1974.He studied in Yale University under Alexander Petrunkevitch until 1913. In 1916 he earned a master of science degree in cytology and in 1927 a Ph.D. for cytological...
, 1946 — Panama to Argentina - CerionestaCerionestaCerionesta is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Cerionesta leucomystax Caporiacco, 1947 — Guyana* Cerionesta luteola — St. Vincent...
SimonEugène SimonEugène Simon was a French arachnologist. His many taxonomic contributions include categorizing and naming many spiders, as well as creating genera such as Anelosimus, Psellocoptus and Phlogius....
, 1901 — GuyanaGuyanaGuyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and of the British...
, St. VincentSaint Vincent (island)Saint Vincent is a volcanic island in the Caribbean. It is the largest island of the chain called Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It is located in the Caribbean Sea, between Saint Lucia and Grenada. It is composed of partially submerged volcanic mountains... - ChirotheciaChirotheciaChirothecia is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Species:* Chirothecia amazonica Simon, 1901 — Brazil* Chirothecia botucatuensis Bauab, 1980 — Brazil* Chirothecia clavimana — Brazil, Guyana...
TaczanowskiWladyslaw TaczanowskiWładysław Taczanowski was a Polish zoologist.-Life:A member of an old noble magnate family from the Poznań region, Taczanowski is considered one of the most important European zoologists of the nineteenth century...
, 1878 — South America - DendryphantesDendryphantesDendryphantes is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Species:* Dendryphantes aethiopicus Wesolowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 — Ethiopia* Dendryphantes amphibolus Chamberlin, 1916 — Peru...
C. L. KochCarl Ludwig KochCarl Ludwig Koch was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was responsible for classifying a great number of spiders, including the Brazilian whiteknee tarantula and Common house spider. He was born in Kusel, Germany and died in Nuremberg, Germany.Carl Ludwig Koch was an inspector of water...
, 1837 — EurasiaEurasiaEurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...
, AfricaAfricaAfrica is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, Americas - DonaldiusDonaldiusDonaldius is a genus of jumping spiders with a single described species, Donaldius lucidus, which is endemic to Panama. D. lucidus is known only from a single female specimen collected in El Valle in July 1936...
Chickering, 1946 — Panama - Empanda Simon, 1903 — Guatemala
- ErisEris (spider)Eris is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Name:The genus name is derived from Eris, the Greek goddess of discord .-Species:* Eris bulbosa — Mexico...
C. L. Koch, 1846 — AlaskaAlaskaAlaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait...
to EcuadorEcuadorEcuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border... - GastromicansGastromicansGastromicans is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Species:* Gastromicans albopilosa — Brazil, Paraguay* Gastromicans hondurensis — Guatemala, Honduras...
Mello-LeitãoCândido Firmino de Mello-LeitãoCândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão, , was a Brazilian zoologist who is considered the founder of Arachnology in South America, publishing 198 papers on the taxonomy of Arachnida...
, 1917 — South, Central AmericaCentral AmericaCentral America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent... - GhelnaGhelnaGhelna is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Species:* Ghelna barrowsi — USA* Ghelna canadensis — USA, Canada* Ghelna castanea — USA...
Maddison, 1996 — North America - HentziaHentziaHentzia is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Species:* Hentzia alamosa Richman, 2010 — Texas, United States* Hentzia antillana Bryant, 1940 — West Indies* Hentzia audax Bryant, 1940 — Cuba...
Marx, 1883 — Americas - HomalattusHomalattusHomalattus is a genus of the spider family Salticidae .-Species:* Homalattus coriaceus Simon, 1902 — Sierra Leone, South Africa* Homalattus marshalli Peckham & Peckham, 1903 — South Africa...
White, 1841 — South Africa, Sierra LeoneSierra LeoneSierra Leone , officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Sierra Leone covers a total area of and has an estimated population between 5.4 and 6.4... - LurioLurioLurio is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Lurio conspicuus Mello-Leitão, 1930 — Brazil* Lurio crassichelis Berland, 1913 — Ecuador* Lurio lethierryi — French Guiana...
Simon, 1901 — South America - MabellinaMabellinaMabellina is a spider genus of the Salticidae family, also known as jumping spiders. Its only described species, Mabellina prescotti, is only found in Panama.-References: : , version 8.0. American Museum of Natural History....
Chickering, 1946 — Panama - MacaroerisMacaroerisMacaroeris is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Name:The genus name is combined from Macaronesia, where most species of the genus occur, and the salticid spider genus Eris.-Species:...
Wunderlich, 1992 — Eurasia - MburuvichaMburuvichaMburuvicha is a spider genus of the Salticidae family . Its single described species M. galianoae is found in Argentina.-Name:mburuvicha means "chief" in Guaraní. The species name honors arachnologist Galiano....
Scioscia, 1993 — Argentina - Messua Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — Central America
- MetaphidippusMetaphidippusMetaphidippus is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Name:The genus name is combined from Ancient Greek μετά "after, beside" and the salticid genus Phidippus.-Species:...
F. O. P-CambridgeFrederick Octavius Pickard-CambridgeFrederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge was an English arachnologist. He is often confused with his uncle, Octavius Pickard-Cambridge , who was also an arachnologist and from whom F. O. Pickard-Cambridge picked up his enthusiasm for the study of spiders.-Life:F. O. Pickard-Cambridge was born in...
, 1901 — Americas - NagainaNagainaNagaina is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Name:The genus name is derived from Nagaina, a character from Rudyard Kipling's story Rikki-Tikki-Tavi...
Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — South America to Mexico - Napoca Simon, 1901 — IsraelIsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
- OserictaOserictaOsericta is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Osericta cheliferoides — Peru* Osericta dives Simon, 1901 — Brazil...
Simon, 1901 — PeruPeruPeru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
, Brazil - ParadamoetasParadamoetasParadamoetas is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Name:The genus name is a combination of Ancient Greek para "alongside" and the salticid genus Damoetas.-Species:...
Peckham & Peckham, 1885 — CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
to Panama - ParamarpissaParamarpissaParamarpissa is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Paramarpissa albopilosa — USA, Mexico* Paramarpissa griswoldi Logunov & Cutler, 1999 — USA, Mexico...
F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 — USA, Mexico - ParaphidippusParaphidippusParaphidippus is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Paraphidippus aurantius — USA to Panama, Greater Antilles* Paraphidippus basalis — USA...
F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 — USA to Panama - ParnaenusParnaenusParnaenus is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Parnaenus cuspidatus F. O. P-Cambridge, 1901 — Guatemala, El Salvador* Parnaenus cyanidens — Guatemala to Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana...
Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — Central, South America - PelegrinaPelegrinaPelegrina is a spider genus of the Salticidae family . They are found throughout North America. Most of the species in Pelegrina were previously placed in the genus Metaphidippus.-Species:...
Franganillo, 1930 — Canada to Panama - Phanias F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 — USA to El SalvadorEl SalvadorEl Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...
, Galapagos - PhidippusPhidippusPhidippus is a genus in the family Salticidae . Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. Phidippus is distributed almost exclusively in North America, with the exception of two exported species...
C. L. Koch, 1846 — North America - PoultonellaPoultonellaPoultonella is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .Both described species are only found in the United States.-Species:* Poultonella alboimmaculata...
Peckham & Peckham, 1909 — USA - PseudomaeviaPseudomaeviaPseudomaevia is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Name:The genus name is combined of Ancient Greek pseudo "false" and the salticid genus name Maevia.-Species:...
RainbowWilliam Joseph RainbowWilliam Joseph Rainbow was an entomologist and arachnologist whose work includes the first catalogue of Australian spiders.-Life:...
, 1920 — PolynesiaPolynesiaPolynesia is a subregion of Oceania, made up of over 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean. The indigenous people who inhabit the islands of Polynesia are termed Polynesians and they share many similar traits including language, culture and beliefs... - RheneRheneRhene is a spider genus of the Salticidae family . The genus was originally named Rhanis. Tamerlan Thorell renamed it Rhene in 1869 so that it would not be confused with a beetle genus that was also named Rhanis. The name Rhene is derived from the Greek proper name Rhene .-Species:* Rhene albigera...
Thorell, 1869 — Asia, Africa, South America - RhetenorRhetenorRhetenor is a spider genus of the Salticidae family . Spiders in this genus are beetle mimics.The name of the genus is a literary reference. In Ovid's Metamorphoses, Rhetenor was a companion of Diomedes.-Species:...
Simon, 1902 — USA, Mexico, Brazil - RomitiaRomitiaRomitia is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .Uspachia was merged with Romitia in 2007.-Species:* Romitia albipalpis — Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia* Romitia andina — Peru...
Caporiacco, 1947 — Guyana - Rudra Peckham & Peckham, 1885 — South America to Guatemala
- Sassacus Peckham & Peckham, 1895 — Americas
- SebastiraSebastiraSebastira is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Sebastira instrata Simon, 1901 — Venezuela* Sebastira plana Chickering, 1946 — Panama...
Simon, 1901 — VenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
, Panama - SelimusSelimusSelimus is a spider genus of the Salticidae family . Its only described species S. venustus is found in Brazil.Saaristo erroneously erected a genus of the same name in the family Theridiidae for the species Anelosimus placens, described by Blackwall in 1877 as Theridion placens, and moved to...
Peckham & Peckham, 1901 — Brazil - SemoraSemoraSemora is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Semora infranotata Mello-Leitão, 1945 — Argentina* Semora langei Mello-Leitão, 1947 — Brazil* Semora napaea Peckham & Peckham, 1892 — Brazil...
Peckham & Peckham, 1892 — South America - SemorinaSemorinaSemorina is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Semorina brachychelyne Crane, 1949 — Venezuela* Semorina iris Simon, 1901 — Venezuela* Semorina lineata Mello-Leitão, 1945 — Argentina...
Simon, 1901 — South America - TacunaTacunaTacuna is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Tacuna delecta Peckham & Peckham, 1901 — Brazil, Argentina* Tacuna minensis Galiano, 1995 — Brazil* Tacuna saltensis Galiano, 1995 — Argentina...
Peckham & Peckham, 1901 — Brazil, Argentina - TerralonusTerralonusTerralonus is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .All six described species occur only in the United States.-Species:* Terralonus banksi * Terralonus californicus...
Maddison, 1996 — USA - ThammacaThammacaThammaca is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Thammaca coriacea Simon, 1902 — Brazil* Thammaca nigritarsis Simon, 1902 — Peru, Brazil...
Simon, 1902 — Peru, Brazil - TulpiusTulpiusTulpius is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Tulpius gauchus Bauab & Soares, 1983 — Brazil* Tulpius hilarus Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — Guatemala-External links:*...
Peckham & Peckham, 1896 — Brazil, Guatemala - TutelinaTutelinaTutelina is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .-Species:* Tutelina elegans — USA* Tutelina formicaria — USA* Tutelina harti — USA, Canada...
Simon, 1901 — Canada to Ecuador - TuvaphantesTuvaphantesTuvaphantes is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .Both described species are only found in Russia.-Species:* Tuvaphantes arat Logunov, 1993* Tuvaphantes insolitus...
Logunov, 1993 — RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... - XuriellaXuriellaXuriella is a small spider genus of the Salticidae family .The female of Heliophanus pygmaeus was incorrectly associated with the male of X. prima. Both species are beetle-like in appearance...
Wesolowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 — Tanzania, Yemen - ZeuxippusZeuxippusZeuxippus is a spider genus of the Salticidae family .Spiders in this genus looks similar to those of Rhene.-Description:The abdomen is longish oval, more slender than that of Rhene...
Thorell, 1891 — Asia - ZygoballusZygoballusZygoballus is a genus of jumping spiders found in North and South America.-Taxonomy and history:The genus was first described in 1885 by American arachnologists George and Elizabeth Peckham based on the type species Zygoballus rufipes...
Peckham & Peckham, 1885 — Americas, India