Duke of Gandia
Encyclopedia
The hereditary Spanish title duke of Gandía
was created in 1485 by Ferdinand II of Aragon
from the original Italian title "duke of Candia
" (Italian
Duca di Candia) belonging to the Italian Stato di Mare or Italian Kingdoms of the Mediterranean Sea; originally granted around 1206 to a Genoan marquis member of the House of Candia
in addition to his fiefdom in the island of Crete
when it fell into the hands of the Venetians
at the time of the Fourth Crusade
. This was the second creation (Ferdinand himself was the last of the dukes of the first creation). According to the Catholic Encyclopedia
, this was a purchase of a title by Pope Alexander VI
for his son Pier Luigi
(Pedro Luis).
The dukedom went to Pier Luigi's brother (or half-brother, mothers unknown) Giovanni. He was assassinated, and his young son became Duke. The fourth duke was the religious figure Francesco Borgia. He became a Jesuit, but after the death of his wife with whom he had a large family; the eldest son Carlos, later viceroy of Portugal, became the fifth duke. The sixth duke's younger son Gaspar de Borja y Velasco
became a bishop and diplomat and cardinal.
as the Duchy of Candia, ' onMouseout='HidePop("78502")' href="/topics/House_of_Candia">House of Candia
in reference to the island of Crete
. This fief eventually became the Kingdom of Candia
until the Ottoman occupation of the island.
and granted to the House of Borgia, of Spain and Italy.
–Greek
(Muslim–Christian) assembly was part-elected, part-appointed. However, this was not enough to satisfy Cretan nationalists, as such it was appointed a noble representative from the Græco-Danish House of Glücksburg.
Gandia
Gandia is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Eastern Spain on the Mediterranean. Gandia is located on the Costa del Azahar, 65 km south of Valencia and 96 km north of Alicante....
was created in 1485 by Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand the Catholic was King of Aragon , Sicily , Naples , Valencia, Sardinia, and Navarre, Count of Barcelona, jure uxoris King of Castile and then regent of that country also from 1508 to his death, in the name of...
from the original Italian title "duke of Candia
Candia
-Places:* The old Venetian name for Heraklion, Crete* Kingdom of Candia, colony of the Republic of Venice * Candia Canavese, Italy* Candia Lomellina, Italy...
" (Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
Duca di Candia) belonging to the Italian Stato di Mare or Italian Kingdoms of the Mediterranean Sea; originally granted around 1206 to a Genoan marquis member of the House of Candia
House of Candia
The House of Candia is a European dynastic house, created by a junior branch of the House of Anjou originally from "Castrum Candiaco" in the Dauphiné of the nobility of Savoy and Piemont...
in addition to his fiefdom in the island of Crete
Crete
Crete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...
when it fell into the hands of the Venetians
Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy. It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century until 1797. It was formally known as the Most Serene Republic of Venice and is often referred to as La Serenissima, in...
at the time of the Fourth Crusade
Fourth Crusade
The Fourth Crusade was originally intended to conquer Muslim-controlled Jerusalem by means of an invasion through Egypt. Instead, in April 1204, the Crusaders of Western Europe invaded and conquered the Christian city of Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire...
. This was the second creation (Ferdinand himself was the last of the dukes of the first creation). According to the Catholic Encyclopedia
Catholic Encyclopedia
The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia and the Original Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in the United States. The first volume appeared in March 1907 and the last three volumes appeared in 1912, followed by a master index...
, this was a purchase of a title by Pope Alexander VI
Pope Alexander VI
Pope Alexander VI , born Roderic Llançol i Borja was Pope from 1492 until his death on 18 August 1503. He is one of the most controversial of the Renaissance popes, and his Italianized surname—Borgia—became a byword for the debased standards of the Papacy of that era, most notoriously the Banquet...
for his son Pier Luigi
Pier Luigi Borgia
Pier Luigi de Borgia, 1st duke of Gandía was a Valencian noble. Pier Luigi was the son of Pope Alexander VI and the older brother-german or half-brother of Cesare Borgia, Gioffre Borgia, Giovanni Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia....
(Pedro Luis).
The dukedom went to Pier Luigi's brother (or half-brother, mothers unknown) Giovanni. He was assassinated, and his young son became Duke. The fourth duke was the religious figure Francesco Borgia. He became a Jesuit, but after the death of his wife with whom he had a large family; the eldest son Carlos, later viceroy of Portugal, became the fifth duke. The sixth duke's younger son Gaspar de Borja y Velasco
Gaspar de Borja y Velasco
Gaspar de Borja y Velasco was a Spanish cardinal, ecclesiastic and politician. He belonged to the house of Borgia and served as Primate of Spain, Archbishop of Seville, Archbishop of Toledo and viceroy of Naples.-Family:Borja was born at Villalpando...
became a bishop and diplomat and cardinal.
House of Candia
The first dukes of Gandía were of the House of Candia, from Switzerland, France and Italy. In 1204 the duchy was first created by the VenetiansRepublic of Venice
The Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy. It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century until 1797. It was formally known as the Most Serene Republic of Venice and is often referred to as La Serenissima, in...
as the Duchy of Candia, ' onMouseout='HidePop("78502")' href="/topics/House_of_Candia">House of Candia
House of Candia
The House of Candia is a European dynastic house, created by a junior branch of the House of Anjou originally from "Castrum Candiaco" in the Dauphiné of the nobility of Savoy and Piemont...
in reference to the island of Crete
Crete
Crete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...
. This fief eventually became the Kingdom of Candia
Kingdom of Candia
The Kingdom of Candia or Duchy of Candia was the official name of Crete during the island's period as an overseas colony of the Republic of Venice, from the initial Venetian conquest in 1205–1212 to its fall to the Ottoman Empire during the Cretan War...
until the Ottoman occupation of the island.
House of Borgia
In 1485 was re-created by Ferdinand II of AragonFerdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand the Catholic was King of Aragon , Sicily , Naples , Valencia, Sardinia, and Navarre, Count of Barcelona, jure uxoris King of Castile and then regent of that country also from 1508 to his death, in the name of...
and granted to the House of Borgia, of Spain and Italy.
- Pier Luigi de Borgia (Pedro Luis de Borja), 1st duke
- Giovanni Borgia (Juan de Borja), 2nd duke
- Juan de Borja y Enríquez de Luna (1495–1543), 3rd duke
- Saint Francis Borgia, 4th duke
- Carlos de Borja y Aragón, 5th duke
- Francisco Tomás de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 6th duke
- Francisco Carlos de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 7th duke
- Francisco Diego Pascual de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 8th duke
- Francisco Carlos de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 9th duke
- Pascual Francisco de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 10th duke
- Luis Ignacio Francisco Juan de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 11th duke
- María Ana Antonia Luisa de Borja Aragón y Centelles, 12th duchess (d. 1748)
House of Glücksburg
In 1898 a joint OttomanOttoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
–Greek
Kingdom of Greece
The Kingdom of Greece was a state established in 1832 in the Convention of London by the Great Powers...
(Muslim–Christian) assembly was part-elected, part-appointed. However, this was not enough to satisfy Cretan nationalists, as such it was appointed a noble representative from the Græco-Danish House of Glücksburg.
- Prince George of Greece and DenmarkPrince George of Greece and Denmarkalign=right| Prince George of Greece and Denmark was the second son of King George I of the Hellenes and Grand Duchess Olga, and is remembered chiefly for having saved the life of a future Emperor of Russia, Nicholas II...
, became prince-duke of Candia of the House of Glücksburg, and made High Commissioner of Crete.
Related titles currently in use
- Prince of Greece and Candia
- Marquis de la Candia, Spain
- Marquis de Candia, Italy
- Count of Candie, France
- Viscount of Candia, England