Endothermic
Encyclopedia
In thermodynamics
, the word endothermic ("within-heating") describes a process or reaction in which the system absorbs energy
from the surroundings in the form of heat
. Its etymology stems from the prefix endo- (derived from the Greek word ένδον, endon, "within") and the Greek word thermasi, (meaning “to heat”). The opposite of an endothermic process is an exothermic
process, one that releases energy in the form of heat. The term endothermic was coined by Marcellin Berthelot
(25 October 1827 – 18 March 1907).
The concept is frequently applied in physical sciences to, for example, chemical reactions, where thermal energy
(heat) is converted to chemical bond energy
.
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is a physical science that studies the effects on material bodies, and on radiation in regions of space, of transfer of heat and of work done on or by the bodies or radiation...
, the word endothermic ("within-heating") describes a process or reaction in which the system absorbs energy
Energy
In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems...
from the surroundings in the form of heat
Heat
In physics and thermodynamics, heat is energy transferred from one body, region, or thermodynamic system to another due to thermal contact or thermal radiation when the systems are at different temperatures. It is often described as one of the fundamental processes of energy transfer between...
. Its etymology stems from the prefix endo- (derived from the Greek word ένδον, endon, "within") and the Greek word thermasi, (meaning “to heat”). The opposite of an endothermic process is an exothermic
Exothermic
In thermodynamics, the term exothermic describes a process or reaction that releases energy from the system, usually in the form of heat, but also in the form of light , electricity , or sound...
process, one that releases energy in the form of heat. The term endothermic was coined by Marcellin Berthelot
Marcellin Berthelot
Marcelin Pierre Eugène Berthelot was a French chemist and politician noted for the Thomsen-Berthelot principle of thermochemistry. He synthesized many organic compounds from inorganic substances and disproved the theory of vitalism. He is considered as one of the greatest chemists of all time.He...
(25 October 1827 – 18 March 1907).
The concept is frequently applied in physical sciences to, for example, chemical reactions, where thermal energy
Thermal energy
Thermal energy is the part of the total internal energy of a thermodynamic system or sample of matter that results in the system's temperature....
(heat) is converted to chemical bond energy
Bond energy
In chemistry, bond energy is the measure of bond strength in a chemical bond. It is the heat required to break one Mole of molecules into their individual atoms. For example, the carbon-hydrogen bond energy in methane E is the enthalpy change involved with breaking up one molecule of methane into...
.
Implications for chemical reactions
Chemical endothermic reactions need heat to be performed. In a thermochemical reaction that is endothermic, the heat is placed on the reactants side (heat is necessary for and absorbed during the reaction).External links
- Endothermic Definition - MSDS Hyper-Glossary
- School experiment