GM G22 Series
Encyclopedia
The EMD G22 Series were first introduced in 1968 to replace the aging EMD G12
. They carried a low per axle weight on their Flexicoil Type-B trucks and were the first model series to have a low nose as a standard option as well.
The G22 series now were introduced with a 'U' or 'W' suffix after its model designation to indicate the use of traction motors based on the rail gauge the locomotive operated on. Other suffixes added were either a 'C', which indicated six axle trucks or a '4', which indicated A-1-A trucks. There never has been an indication of four axle trucks on the G22 Series until 1993 with 'B' being the designation.
The G22 designation applies to the designs of EMD or another licencee of EMD as long as the electrical & mechanical gear was left unaltered.
The reliability of this locomotive has proved itself has hundreds of these units still exist in service today mainly due to its non-turbocharged 645 engine and easy access for maintenance.
and in Egypt
.
The G22 Series was one of the first models to be commonly constructed outside of the United States
and to have its own separate designation based on traction motors/gauge, generator, etc. Unlike the G12, which its six axle version was the GR12, the six axle version of the G22 Series was designated as G22C. The customer then had options to apply on the locomotive as desired.
Several models were introduced:
to Irish Gauge
rails; thus 'W'ide would be the understood term for the traction motors
The G22W found several buyers and were built also in different countries. The G22Ws from Guinea, Egypt, and half of Iran's roster were built by EMD, while the other half of Iran's were built by Đuro Đaković, and the last G22W was built by NOHAB to Israel. The notable exception of a carbody difference came with the Swedish G22W's. Completely redesigned to meet the Scandinavian weather conditions, these units resemble a G22W only by their internal electrical and mechanical equipment.
to Irish Gauge
rails; thus 'U'niversal would be the understood term for the traction motors. This locomotive found itself to be very successful in the narrow gauge lines of Brazil, as where most lines did not permit the use of six-axle locomotives around tight curves.
The G22U found several buyers and were built in two different countries: The RFFSA and Yugoslav locomotives were built by MACOSA while the Taiwan units came from EMD. The Yugoslav units were the only ones to carry a steam generator, which raised the nose into a high-hood. The Yugoslav Railways and Taiwan Railroad Administration purchased their G22U’s with a unique A-1-A running gear configuration, although the designation G224 never was official, as A-1-A trucks were not widely produced at the time.
Production spanned from 1969 to 1974.
introduced an option to have an alternator installed instead of a generator. This increased reliability and reduced electrical problems derived from Direct Current
. The Egyptian National Railways
was the first to order this option on new G22W locomotives. Officially designated as the G22W-AC, the ‘AC’ suffix indicated the use of an alternator.
Production spanned from 1982 to 1991.
' electronics. Being the rarest of the G22 series, only three EMD G22W-2 locomotives were built to Ahwaz Steel in Iran
in 1991. During the early days of locomotives being introduced with EMD Dash 2
electronics, the export railroads purchased them infrequently, as it was more expensive to have computerized electronics in locomotives rather than standard circuits.
G22U's.
Phase 1: Larger frame sill, air reservoir slung under skirting.
Phase 2: Smaller frame sill, air reservoir exposed, and two horizontal bars along intake grilles.
There have been various as-modifications on railroads as well, but are excluded due to various degrees of completion on the modification.
EMD G12
The EMD G12 was a class of locomotive built by GM-EMD, and its Canadian affiliate General Motors Diesel. In addition, Australian licensee Clyde Engineering built ten locomotives for New Zealand in 1957, five for Hong Kong, 23 for Queensland, 14 for Western Australia and seven for BHP. Australian...
. They carried a low per axle weight on their Flexicoil Type-B trucks and were the first model series to have a low nose as a standard option as well.
The G22 series now were introduced with a 'U' or 'W' suffix after its model designation to indicate the use of traction motors based on the rail gauge the locomotive operated on. Other suffixes added were either a 'C', which indicated six axle trucks or a '4', which indicated A-1-A trucks. There never has been an indication of four axle trucks on the G22 Series until 1993 with 'B' being the designation.
The G22 designation applies to the designs of EMD or another licencee of EMD as long as the electrical & mechanical gear was left unaltered.
The reliability of this locomotive has proved itself has hundreds of these units still exist in service today mainly due to its non-turbocharged 645 engine and easy access for maintenance.
Overview
With the introduction of the 645 engine in export models in 1967, the model numbers changed by adding "10". Thus the G12 now became the G22. This new model was an upgrade from the 567 series G12 and brought forward various innovations for almost four decades. To this day, the G22 series is the most common diesel found in BrazilBrazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
and in Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
.
The G22 Series was one of the first models to be commonly constructed outside of the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and to have its own separate designation based on traction motors/gauge, generator, etc. Unlike the G12, which its six axle version was the GR12, the six axle version of the G22 Series was designated as G22C. The customer then had options to apply on the locomotive as desired.
Several models were introduced:
- G22W
- G22U
- G22W-AC
- G22W-2
G22W
The EMD G22W was first appeared in 1969. Unlike the G12, the G22W now carried now carried a 'W' suffix which indicated that this model had traction motors that could fit a locomotive's axles from Standard GaugeStandard gauge
The standard gauge is a widely-used track gauge . Approximately 60% of the world's existing railway lines are built to this gauge...
to Irish Gauge
Irish gauge
Irish gauge railways use a track gauge of . It is used in* Ireland * Australia where it is also known as Victorian Broad Gauge* Brazil where it is also known as Bitola larga no Brasil....
rails; thus 'W'ide would be the understood term for the traction motors
The G22W found several buyers and were built also in different countries. The G22Ws from Guinea, Egypt, and half of Iran's roster were built by EMD, while the other half of Iran's were built by Đuro Đaković, and the last G22W was built by NOHAB to Israel. The notable exception of a carbody difference came with the Swedish G22W's. Completely redesigned to meet the Scandinavian weather conditions, these units resemble a G22W only by their internal electrical and mechanical equipment.
| EMD G22W Orders | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Builder | Country | Railroad | Quantity | Road numbers | Notes |
| EMD | Guinea Guinea Guinea , officially the Republic of Guinea , is a country in West Africa. Formerly known as French Guinea , it is today sometimes called Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from its neighbour Guinea-Bissau. Guinea is divided into eight administrative regions and subdivided into thirty-three prefectures... |
Chemin de Fer Boké | 3 | 001 – 003 | The first EMD locomotives for Chemin de Fer Boké |
| EMD | Egypt Egypt Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world... |
Egyptian National Railways Egyptian National Railways Egyptian National Railways is the national railway of Egypt and managed by the parastatal Egyptian Railway Authority .-1833–77:... |
32 | 3801 – 3832 | |
| EMD & Đuro Đaković | Iran Iran Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia... |
Islamic Republic of Iran Railways Islamic Republic of Iran Railways The Islamic Republic of Iran Railways is the national state-owned railway system of Iran. is an associate of the IR and manages its passenger trains including international trains between Tehran and Istanbul and Tehran and Damascus... |
40 | 40.138 – 40.158, 60.159 – 60.178 | 60.159 – 60.178 were constructed by Đuro Đaković |
| NOHAB NOHAB NOHAB was a manufacturing company in the city of Trollhättan, Sweden.The company was founded by Antenor Nydqvist, Johan Magnus Lidström and Carl Olof Holm in 1847 as Trollhättans Mekaniska Verkstad as a manufacturer of turbines for hydraulic power plants... |
Israel Israel The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea... |
Rakevet Israel | 1 | T40100 | The last G22W built in 1989 |
| NOHAB NOHAB NOHAB was a manufacturing company in the city of Trollhättan, Sweden.The company was founded by Antenor Nydqvist, Johan Magnus Lidström and Carl Olof Holm in 1847 as Trollhättans Mekaniska Verkstad as a manufacturer of turbines for hydraulic power plants... |
Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... |
Statens Järnvägar Statens Järnvägar The Swedish State Railways or SJ, originally the Royal Railway Board , is a former government agency responsible for operating the state railways in Sweden.... |
124 | 259 – 283, 314 – 323, 329 – 416 | |
G22U
The EMD G22U was first appeared in 1968. Designed mainly for the narrow gauge market, the G22U now carried a 'U' suffix which indicated that this model had traction motors that could fit a locomotive's axles anywhere from Metre GaugeMetre gauge
Metre gauge refers to narrow gauge railways and tramways with a track gauge of . In some African, American and Asian countries it is the main gauge. In Europe it has been used for local railways in France, Germany, and Belgium, most of which were closed down in mid 20th century. Only in Switzerland...
to Irish Gauge
Irish gauge
Irish gauge railways use a track gauge of . It is used in* Ireland * Australia where it is also known as Victorian Broad Gauge* Brazil where it is also known as Bitola larga no Brasil....
rails; thus 'U'niversal would be the understood term for the traction motors. This locomotive found itself to be very successful in the narrow gauge lines of Brazil, as where most lines did not permit the use of six-axle locomotives around tight curves.
The G22U found several buyers and were built in two different countries: The RFFSA and Yugoslav locomotives were built by MACOSA while the Taiwan units came from EMD. The Yugoslav units were the only ones to carry a steam generator, which raised the nose into a high-hood. The Yugoslav Railways and Taiwan Railroad Administration purchased their G22U’s with a unique A-1-A running gear configuration, although the designation G224 never was official, as A-1-A trucks were not widely produced at the time.
Production spanned from 1969 to 1974.
| EMD G22U Orders | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Builder | Country | Railroad | Quantity | Road numbers | Notes |
| MACOSA MACOSA Material y Construcciones S.A. or MACOSA was a Spanish heavy-engineering company, mainly producing products for the rail industry. From 1989 onwards the organisation was named Meinfesa and became part of the GEC-Alstom group of companies, until 2005 when it became part of the Vossloh group as... |
Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... |
Rede de Viação Paraná-Santa Catarina (RFFSA RFFSA The Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima was the state-owned national railway company of Brazil. It was created in 1957, and dissolved between 1999–2007.-Constituent Railways:... ) |
100 | 1501–1576, 1607–1630 | Purchased during the Brazilian Miracle Brazilian Miracle The Brazilian economic miracle or Brazilian Miracle is the name given to the time of exceptional economic growth occurred during the military regime in Brazil... era |
| MACOSA MACOSA Material y Construcciones S.A. or MACOSA was a Spanish heavy-engineering company, mainly producing products for the rail industry. From 1989 onwards the organisation was named Meinfesa and became part of the GEC-Alstom group of companies, until 2005 when it became part of the Vossloh group as... |
Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... |
Viação Férrea do Rio Grande do Sul (RFFSA RFFSA The Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima was the state-owned national railway company of Brazil. It was created in 1957, and dissolved between 1999–2007.-Constituent Railways:... ) |
30 | 1577–1606 | Purchased during the Brazilian Miracle Brazilian Miracle The Brazilian economic miracle or Brazilian Miracle is the name given to the time of exceptional economic growth occurred during the military regime in Brazil... era |
| EMD EMD - Music :* E.M.D., a Swedish band* The Explorations in Music and Dance / EMD Network, represents diverse higher education institutions of dance and music in Greenland, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania with additional institutional partners in the European... |
Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following... |
Taiwan Railway Administration Taiwan Railway Administration The Taiwan Railway Administration is an agency of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications of the Republic of China responsible for managing, maintaining, and running passenger and freight service on 1097 km of conventional railroad lines in Taiwan... |
39 | R101 – R139 | The first G22 series locomotives built |
| MACOSA MACOSA Material y Construcciones S.A. or MACOSA was a Spanish heavy-engineering company, mainly producing products for the rail industry. From 1989 onwards the organisation was named Meinfesa and became part of the GEC-Alstom group of companies, until 2005 when it became part of the Vossloh group as... |
Yugoslavia Yugoslavia Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century.... |
Jugoslavenske Željeznice | 30 | 644.001 – 644.025 | The only Yugoslav locomotives built from MACOSA |
G22W-AC
In 1982, EMDEMD
- Music :* E.M.D., a Swedish band* The Explorations in Music and Dance / EMD Network, represents diverse higher education institutions of dance and music in Greenland, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania with additional institutional partners in the European...
introduced an option to have an alternator installed instead of a generator. This increased reliability and reduced electrical problems derived from Direct Current
Direct current
Direct current is the unidirectional flow of electric charge. Direct current is produced by such sources as batteries, thermocouples, solar cells, and commutator-type electric machines of the dynamo type. Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through...
. The Egyptian National Railways
Egyptian National Railways
Egyptian National Railways is the national railway of Egypt and managed by the parastatal Egyptian Railway Authority .-1833–77:...
was the first to order this option on new G22W locomotives. Officially designated as the G22W-AC, the ‘AC’ suffix indicated the use of an alternator.
Production spanned from 1982 to 1991.
| EMD G22W-AC Orders | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Builder | Country | Railroad | Quantity | Road numbers | Notes |
| GMDD | Egypt Egypt Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world... |
Egyptian National Railways Egyptian National Railways Egyptian National Railways is the national railway of Egypt and managed by the parastatal Egyptian Railway Authority .-1833–77:... |
228 | 3833 – 3999, 33601 – 33661 | Mostly used for passenger service |
| ASTARSA Astarsa Astilleros Argentinos Río de La Plata S.A. was an argentinian shipyard. Its core business was built and repair of ships and locomotives. It also manufactured pipes, industrial machinery, and tractors... |
Iran Iran Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia... |
Ahwaz Steel | 3 | Unknown | The last G22W-AC’s built in 1991 |
G22W-2
Beginning on January 1, 1972, standard and export locomotives had the option to carry 'EMD Dash 2EMD Dash 2
On January 1, 1972, General Motors' Electro-Motive Division introduced its new Dash 2 line of diesel-electric locomotives. All designations of these new models were those of the former models with "-2" added...
' electronics. Being the rarest of the G22 series, only three EMD G22W-2 locomotives were built to Ahwaz Steel in Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
in 1991. During the early days of locomotives being introduced with EMD Dash 2
EMD Dash 2
On January 1, 1972, General Motors' Electro-Motive Division introduced its new Dash 2 line of diesel-electric locomotives. All designations of these new models were those of the former models with "-2" added...
electronics, the export railroads purchased them infrequently, as it was more expensive to have computerized electronics in locomotives rather than standard circuits.
| EMD G22W-2 Orders | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Builder | Country | Railroad | Quantity | Road numbers | Notes |
| ASTARSA Astarsa Astilleros Argentinos Río de La Plata S.A. was an argentinian shipyard. Its core business was built and repair of ships and locomotives. It also manufactured pipes, industrial machinery, and tractors... |
Iran Iran Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia... |
Ahwaz Steel | 3 | Unknown | The last of the G22 Series |
Phasing
Only two general varations have been noticed during the G22 production, most notably on the constant production of the RFFSARFFSA
The Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima was the state-owned national railway company of Brazil. It was created in 1957, and dissolved between 1999–2007.-Constituent Railways:...
G22U's.
Phase 1: Larger frame sill, air reservoir slung under skirting.
Phase 2: Smaller frame sill, air reservoir exposed, and two horizontal bars along intake grilles.
There have been various as-modifications on railroads as well, but are excluded due to various degrees of completion on the modification.
Models
The G22U/G22W model is represented in HO Scale by Frateschi trains of Brazil. Due to the accommodation of the motor, the model is not entirely accurate.Sources
- Electro-Motive Division Export GM Models
- Astilleros Argentinos Rio de la Plata S.A. GM Export Models
- Material Y Construcciones S.A. GM Export Models
- Nydqvist Och Holm Aktiebolag GM Export Models
- Đuro Đaković GM Export Models
- General Motors Diesel Division Export Models
- Frateschi G22U HO Scale Model
- GM G22U Data Sheet
- :pt:EMD G22U EMD G22U Article in Portuguese.
See also
- List of GM-EMD locomotives
- List of GMD Locomotives
- EMD G22CUEMD G22CUThe EMD G22CU is a narrow gauge diesel-electric locomotive designed and built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors. It was manufactured by several licensees, and exported to many countries including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Egypt, Iran, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, South Korea,...
- Brazilian MiracleBrazilian MiracleThe Brazilian economic miracle or Brazilian Miracle is the name given to the time of exceptional economic growth occurred during the military regime in Brazil...
- RFFSARFFSAThe Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima was the state-owned national railway company of Brazil. It was created in 1957, and dissolved between 1999–2007.-Constituent Railways:...
- ASTARSAAstarsaAstilleros Argentinos Río de La Plata S.A. was an argentinian shipyard. Its core business was built and repair of ships and locomotives. It also manufactured pipes, industrial machinery, and tractors...