GWR 4000 Class
Encyclopedia
A Star class locomotive was a particular type of steam locomotive
of the Great Western Railway
. The prototype was an experimental locomotive, North Star (originally given number 40), constructed with the 'Atlantic' 4-4-2
wheel arrangement for comparative trials with 4-cylinder compound locomotives of the de Glehn type that had been purchased from France. This established the benefits of the balanced 4 cylinder layout but the designer, George Churchward
, decided that he would continue the class with simple steam expansion, and also with the 4-6-0
wheel arrangement he had introduced with the 2900 class
. As in the de Glehn design, the outer cylinders drove the centre driving axle, the inside pair of cylinders were set well forward and drove the leading driving axle.
Construction of the production class began in 1907. In the production class (4001 to 4072) there were just two set of Walschaerts valve gear between the frames, the valves to the outside cylinders being driven by rocking levers.
An enlarged version of the design was introduced in 1923, as the Castle Class
, of which about 170 were constructed, including some rebuilds from the 'Star' class.
One example of the 'Star" class, 4003 Lode Star
, survives in preservation as a static, non-working, exhibit.
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
of the Great Western Railway
Great Western Railway
The Great Western Railway was a British railway company that linked London with the south-west and west of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament in 1835 and ran its first trains in 1838...
. The prototype was an experimental locomotive, North Star (originally given number 40), constructed with the 'Atlantic' 4-4-2
4-4-2 (locomotive)
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-4-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles , four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
wheel arrangement for comparative trials with 4-cylinder compound locomotives of the de Glehn type that had been purchased from France. This established the benefits of the balanced 4 cylinder layout but the designer, George Churchward
George Jackson Churchward
George Jackson Churchward CBE was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Great Western Railway in the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1922.-Early career:...
, decided that he would continue the class with simple steam expansion, and also with the 4-6-0
4-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles in a leading truck, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. This wheel arrangement became the second-most popular...
wheel arrangement he had introduced with the 2900 class
GWR 2900 Class
The Great Western Railway 2900 or Saint Class were a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotives for passenger train work. Number 2925 Saint Martin was later rebuilt as the prototype Hall Class locomotive, and renumbered 4900.-Prototypes:...
. As in the de Glehn design, the outer cylinders drove the centre driving axle, the inside pair of cylinders were set well forward and drove the leading driving axle.
Construction of the production class began in 1907. In the production class (4001 to 4072) there were just two set of Walschaerts valve gear between the frames, the valves to the outside cylinders being driven by rocking levers.
An enlarged version of the design was introduced in 1923, as the Castle Class
GWR 4073 Class
The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier...
, of which about 170 were constructed, including some rebuilds from the 'Star' class.
One example of the 'Star" class, 4003 Lode Star
GWR 4000 Class 4003 Lode Star
Lode Star is the only remaining GWR 4000 Class locomotive. It is preserved at the National Railway Museum, York, UK.Lode Star was designed by George Jackson Churchward and was built in 1907, one of the first locomotives in its class to be built....
, survives in preservation as a static, non-working, exhibit.
List of locomotives
| No. | First name | Second name | Third name | Date built | Date withdrawn | Notes |
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| 4000 |
North Star | — | — | Renumbered December 1912, rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 4000 |
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Dog Star Sirius Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky. With a visual apparent magnitude of −1.46, it is almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. The name "Sirius" is derived from the Ancient Greek: Seirios . The star has the Bayer designation Alpha Canis Majoris... |
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Evening Star | — | — | |||
| GWR 4000 Class 4003 Lode Star Lode Star is the only remaining GWR 4000 Class locomotive. It is preserved at the National Railway Museum, York, UK.Lode Star was designed by George Jackson Churchward and was built in 1907, one of the first locomotives in its class to be built.... |
Lode Star Lodestar A lodestar or guiding star may be:*Polaris*any star used in celestial navigation*metaphorically, any guiding principle*Guiding Star... |
— | — | Preserved at National Railway Museum National Railway Museum The National Railway Museum is a museum in York forming part of the British National Museum of Science and Industry and telling the story of rail transport in Britain and its impact on society. It has won many awards, including the European Museum of the Year Award in 2001... , York York York is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence... |
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Morning Star | — | — | |||
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Polar Star Pole star The term "Pole Star" usually refers to Polaris, which is the current northern pole star, also known as the North Star.In general, however, a pole star is a visible star, especially a prominent one, that is approximately aligned with the Earth's axis of rotation; that is, a star whose apparent... |
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Red Star Red star (disambiguation) A red star is a red colored star. The red star also often symbolizes Socialism and Communism. It may also refer to:On Flags and Coats of arms:* Since Napoleonic times on the Coats of arms of the Valais state of the Swiss Confederation... |
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Rising Star | Swallowfield Park Swallowfield Park Swallowfield Park is a Grade II* listed stately home and estate in the English county of Berkshire. The house is situated near the village of Swallowfield, some 4 miles south of the town of Reading.-The House :... |
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Royal Star Royal stars The four Royal stars or Guardians of the Sky were a group of stars noticed by the Persian astrologers, and mentioned by Zarathustra , around 3000 BC and used as a rudimentary season calendar.... |
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Shooting Star | — | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 4009 |
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Western Star | — | — | |||
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Knight of the Garter Order of the Garter The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St... |
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Knight of the Thistle Order of the Thistle The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle is an order of chivalry associated with Scotland. The current version of the Order was founded in 1687 by King James VII of Scotland who asserted that he was reviving an earlier Order... |
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Knight of St. Patrick Order of St. Patrick The Most Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick is a British order of chivalry associated with Ireland. The Order was created in 1783 by George III. The regular creation of knights of Saint Patrick lasted until 1921, when most of Ireland became independent as the Irish Free State... |
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Knight of the Bath Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath... |
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Knight of St. John Venerable Order of Saint John The Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem , is a royal order of chivalry established in 1831 and found today throughout the Commonwealth of Nations, Hong Kong, Ireland and the United States of America, with the world-wide mission "to prevent and relieve sickness and... |
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Knight of the Golden Fleece Order of the Golden Fleece The Order of the Golden Fleece is an order of chivalry founded in Bruges by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1430, to celebrate his marriage to the Portuguese princess Infanta Isabella of Portugal, daughter of King John I of Portugal. It evolved as one of the most prestigious orders in Europe... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 4016 |
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Knight of the Black Eagle Order of the Black Eagle The Order of the Black Eagle was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia. The order was founded on 17 January 1701 by Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg . In his Dutch exile after WWI, deposed Emperor Wilhelm II continued to award the order to his family... |
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Knight of the Grand Cross Knight Grand Cross Knight Grand Cross is the most senior grade of seven British orders of chivalry, three of which are obsolete. The rank entails admission into knighthood, allowing the recipient to use the title 'Sir' or 'Dame' before his or her name... |
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Knight Templar Knights Templar The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon , commonly known as the Knights Templar, the Order of the Temple or simply as Templars, were among the most famous of the Western Christian military orders... |
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Knight Commander Knight Commander Knight Commander is the second most senior grade of seven British orders of chivalry, three of which are dormant . The rank entails admission into knighthood, allowing the recipient to use the title 'Sir' or 'Dame' before his or her name... |
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King Edward | The British Monarch | British Monarch | Renamed June 1927 and October 1927 | ||
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King William | The Belgian Monarch | Belgian Monarch | Renamed June 1927 and October 1927, name removed May 1940 | ||
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King George | The Danish Monarch | Danish Monarch | Renamed July 1927 and October 1927, name removed November 1940 | ||
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King James | The Dutch Monarch | Dutch Monarch | Renamed September 1927 and November 1927 | ||
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King Charles | Italian Monarch | — | Renamed October 1927, name removed June 1940 | ||
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King Richard | The Japanese Monarch | Japanese Monarch | Renamed July 1927 and November 1927, name removed January 1941 | ||
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King Henry | The Norwegian Monarch | Norwegian Monarch | Renamed July 1927 and November 1927 | ||
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King John John of England John , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death... |
The Romanian Monarch | Romanian Monarch | Renamed July 1927 and November 1927, name removed November 1940 | ||
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King Stephen Stephen of England Stephen , often referred to as Stephen of Blois , was a grandson of William the Conqueror. He was King of England from 1135 to his death, and also the Count of Boulogne by right of his wife. Stephen's reign was marked by the Anarchy, a civil war with his cousin and rival, the Empress Matilda... |
The Spanish Monarch | Spanish Monarch | Renamed July 1927 and November 1927 | ||
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King Harold | The Swedish Monarch | Swedish Monarch | Renamed July 1927 and November 1927, name removed November 1940 | ||
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Queen Mary | — | — | |||
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Queen Alexandra Alexandra of Denmark Alexandra of Denmark was the wife of Edward VII of the United Kingdom... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 4032 |
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Queen Victoria Victoria of the United Kingdom Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India.... |
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Queen Adelaide Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen was the queen consort of the United Kingdom and of Hanover as spouse of William IV of the United Kingdom. Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia, is named after her.-Early life:Adelaide was born on 13 August 1792 at Meiningen, Thuringia, Germany... |
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Queen Charlotte Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was the Queen consort of the United Kingdom as the wife of King George III... |
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Queen Elizabeth Elizabeth I of England Elizabeth I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty... |
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Queen Philippa Philippa of Hainault Philippa of Hainault, or, Philippe de Hainaut was the Queen consort of King Edward III of England. Edward, Duke of Guyenne, her future husband, promised in 1326 to marry her within the following two years... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 4037 |
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Queen Berengaria Berengaria of Navarre Berengaria of Navarre was Queen of the English as the wife of King Richard I of England. She was the eldest daughter of King Sancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile. As is the case with many of the medieval queens consort of the Kingdom of England, relatively little is known of her life... |
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Queen Matilda Empress Matilda Empress Matilda , also known as Matilda of England or Maude, was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England. Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin, were the only legitimate children of King Henry to survive to adulthood... |
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Queen Boadicea Boudica Boudica , also known as Boadicea and known in Welsh as "Buddug" was queen of the British Iceni tribe who led an uprising against the occupying forces of the Roman Empire.... |
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Prince of Wales Edward VIII of the United Kingdom Edward VIII was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, and Emperor of India, from 20 January to 11 December 1936.Before his accession to the throne, Edward was Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay... |
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Prince Albert George VI of the United Kingdom George VI was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death... |
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Prince Henry Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester The Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester was a soldier and member of the British Royal Family, the third son of George V of the United Kingdom and Queen Mary.... |
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Prince George Prince George, Duke of Kent Prince George, Duke of Kent was a member of the British Royal Family, the fourth son of George V and Mary of Teck, and younger brother of Edward VIII and George VI... |
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Prince John Prince John of the United Kingdom The Prince John was a member of the British Royal Family, the youngest son of King George V and Queen Mary. The Prince had epilepsy and consequently was largely hidden from the public eye.-Early life:... |
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Princess Mary Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood The Princess Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood was a member of the British Royal Family; she was the third child and only daughter of King George V and Queen Mary. She was the sixth holder of the title of Princess Royal... |
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Princess Louise Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife The Princess Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife was the third child and the eldest daughter of King Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark... |
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Princess Victoria | — | — | |||
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Princess Maud Maud of Wales Princess Maud of Wales was Queen of Norway as spouse of King Haakon VII. She was a member of the British Royal Family as the youngest daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark and granddaughter of Queen Victoria and also of Christian IX of Denmark. She was the younger sister of George V... |
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Princess Alice Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone was a member of the British Royal Family. She was the longest-lived Princess of the Blood Royal of the British Royal Family and the last surviving grandchild of Queen Victoria... |
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Princess Helena Princess Helena of the United Kingdom Princess Helena was a member of the British Royal Family, the third daughter and fifth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.... |
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Princess Beatrice Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom The Princess Beatrice was a member of the British Royal Family. She was the fifth daughter and youngest child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Juan Carlos, King of Spain, is her great-grandson... |
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Princess Alexandra Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of King Edward VII... |
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Princess Charlotte Princess Charlotte of Prussia Princess Charlotte of Prussia , Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen was the second child born to Prince Friedrich of Prussia and Princess Victoria... |
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Princess Sophia | — | — | |||
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Princess Margaret Princess Margaret of Connaught Princess Margaret of Connaught was the daughter of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, third son of Queen Victoria, and his wife, Princess Luise Margarete of Prussia... |
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Princess Elizabeth | — | — | |||
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Princess Augusta | — | — | |||
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Princess Patricia Princess Patricia of Connaught Princess Patricia of Connaught was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria... |
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Princess Eugenie | — | — | |||
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Glastonbury Abbey Glastonbury Abbey Glastonbury Abbey was a monastery in Glastonbury, Somerset, England. The ruins are now a grade I listed building, and a Scheduled Ancient Monument and are open as a visitor attraction.... |
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Malmesbury Abbey Malmesbury Abbey Malmesbury Abbey, at Malmesbury in Wiltshire, England, was founded as a Benedictine monastery around 676 by the scholar-poet Aldhelm, a nephew of King Ine of Wessex. In 941 AD, King Athelstan was buried in the Abbey. By the 11th century it contained the second largest library in Europe and was... |
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Bath Abbey Bath Abbey The Abbey Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, Bath, commonly known as Bath Abbey, is an Anglican parish church and a former Benedictine monastery in Bath, Somerset, England... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5083 |
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Reading Abbey Reading Abbey Reading Abbey is a large, ruined abbey in the centre of the town of Reading, in the English county of Berkshire. It was founded by Henry I in 1121 "for the salvation of my soul, and the souls of King William, my father, and of King William, my brother, and Queen Maud, my wife, and all my ancestors... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5084 |
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Evesham Abbey Evesham Abbey Evesham Abbey was founded by Saint Egwin at Evesham in England between 700 and 710 A.D. following a vision of the Virgin Mary by Eof.According to the monastic history, Evesham came through the Norman Conquest unusually well, because of a quick approach by Abbot Æthelwig to William the Conqueror... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5085 |
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Malvern Abbey Great Malvern Priory Great Malvern Priory in Malvern, Worcestershire, England, was a Benedictine monastery c.1075-1540 and is now an Anglican parish church.-History:... |
Sir Robert Horne Robert Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan Robert Stevenson Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan GBE, PC, KC was a Scottish businessman, advocate and Unionist politician. He served under David Lloyd George as Minister of Labour between 1919 and 1920, as President of the Board of Trade between 1920 and 1921 and as Chancellor of the... |
Viscount Horne Robert Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan Robert Stevenson Horne, 1st Viscount Horne of Slamannan GBE, PC, KC was a Scottish businessman, advocate and Unionist politician. He served under David Lloyd George as Minister of Labour between 1919 and 1920, as President of the Board of Trade between 1920 and 1921 and as Chancellor of the... |
Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5086 |
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Tintern Abbey Tintern Abbey Tintern Abbey was founded by Walter de Clare, Lord of Chepstow, on 9 May 1131. It is situated in the village of Tintern, on the Welsh bank of the River Wye in Monmouthshire, which forms the border between Monmouthshire in Wales and Gloucestershire in England. It was only the second Cistercian... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5087 |
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Llanthony Abbey Llanthony Priory Llanthony Priory is a partly ruined former Augustinian priory in the secluded Vale of Ewyas, a steep sided once glaciated valley within the Black Mountains area of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Monmouthshire, south east Wales. It lies seven miles north of Abergavenny on an old road to Hay... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5088 |
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Margam Abbey Margam Abbey Margam Abbey was a Cistercian monastery, located in the village of Margam, a suburb of modern Port Talbot in Wales.-History:The abbey was founded in 1147 as a daughter house of Clairvaux by Robert, Earl of Gloucester and was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. The abbey was dissolved by King... |
Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, popularly known as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in the City of Westminster, London, United Kingdom, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English,... |
— | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5089 |
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Neath Abbey Neath Abbey Neath Abbey was a Cistercian monastery, located near the present-day town of Neath in southern Wales, UK.It was once the largest abbey in Wales. Substantial ruins can still be seen, and are in the care of Cadw... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5090 |
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Cleeve Abbey Cleeve Abbey Cleeve Abbey is a medieval monastery located near the village of Washford, in Somerset, England. The abbey was founded in the late twelfth century as a house for monks of the austere Cistercian order. Over its 350-year monastic history Cleeve was undistinguished amongst the abbeys of its order,... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5091 |
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Tresco Abbey Tresco Abbey Gardens Tresco Abbey Gardens are located on the island of Tresco in the Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom.A Benedictine abbey was founded here in 964 AD, although the majority of what remains today comes from the Priory of St Nicholas founded by monks from Tavistock Abbey in 1114.The gardens were... |
— | — | Rebuilt as Castle Class GWR 4073 Class The GWR 4073 Class or Castle class locomotives are a group of 4-6-0 steam locomotives of the Great Western Railway. They were originally designed by the railway's Chief Mechanical Engineer, Charles Collett, for working the company's express passenger trains.-History:A development of the earlier... 5092 |
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